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agriculture and food economy in poland

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FOOD INDUSTRY<br />

Guaranteed certificates are prestigious marks recognised by consumers <strong>in</strong> the EU,<br />

strongly <strong>in</strong>fluenc<strong>in</strong>g the dem<strong>and</strong> side.<br />

Protected Designation of Orig<strong>in</strong> (PDO) means the name of a region or a<br />

specific place or, <strong>in</strong> exceptional cases, of the country used to describe an agricultural<br />

or <strong>food</strong> product orig<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> that region, specific place or country.<br />

Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) means the name of a region or a<br />

specific place or, <strong>in</strong> exceptional cases, of the country used to describe an agricultural<br />

or <strong>food</strong> product orig<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> that region, specific place or country. The product is<br />

characterised by special quality, reputation or other properties attributable to its<br />

geographical orig<strong>in</strong>.<br />

The essential difference between the protected designation of orig<strong>in</strong> <strong>and</strong> the<br />

protected geographical <strong>in</strong>dication lies <strong>in</strong> the strength of the product l<strong>in</strong>k with the<br />

place of its orig<strong>in</strong>. Protected designations of orig<strong>in</strong> are used to mark products very<br />

closely l<strong>in</strong>ked with a given geographical area. If a protected designation of orig<strong>in</strong> is<br />

used, both the production of raw materials <strong>and</strong> the process<strong>in</strong>g until the f<strong>in</strong>al product<br />

must take place <strong>in</strong> a given (def<strong>in</strong>ed) area. In the case of the protected geographical<br />

<strong>in</strong>dication the product must be produced <strong>in</strong> the region specified <strong>in</strong> its <strong>in</strong>dication,<br />

however, as dist<strong>in</strong>ct from the protected designation of orig<strong>in</strong>, only one of the three<br />

production stages (production or process<strong>in</strong>g or preparation) must take place <strong>in</strong> a<br />

given area.<br />

The follow<strong>in</strong>g products are covered by protected designations of orig<strong>in</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />

geographical <strong>in</strong>dications: fresh meat, meat products (salted, smoked, cooked, etc.),<br />

cheeses, other products of animal orig<strong>in</strong> (eggs, honey, milk products not conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />

butter), oils <strong>and</strong> fats (butter, margar<strong>in</strong>e, oil, etc.); fruit, vegetables, cereals (whether<br />

processed or not), fresh fish, molluscs, crustaceans <strong>and</strong> other products based on<br />

fish, sugar confectionery, bread, cakes, cookies, biscuits <strong>and</strong> other bakery articles,<br />

beer, beverages from plant extracts, other <strong>food</strong> products <strong>and</strong> beverages.<br />

In addition, the follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>food</strong>stuffs are covered by protection: beer, beverages<br />

made from plant extracts, bread, cakes, cookies, biscuits <strong>and</strong> other sugar<br />

confectionery, natural gums <strong>and</strong> res<strong>in</strong>s, hay <strong>and</strong> volatile oils.<br />

As regards w<strong>in</strong>es <strong>and</strong> sprit dr<strong>in</strong>ks, they are not covered by protection.<br />

Traditional Speciality Guaranteed certificate (TSG) means recognition by<br />

the Community of a special (traditional character) of the product designation<br />

through its registration.<br />

The European Commission keeps the Register of Traditional Speciality<br />

Guaranteed Certificates for Agricultural <strong>and</strong> Food Products conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g designations<br />

of agricultural <strong>and</strong> <strong>food</strong> products whose special character was recognised at the<br />

Community level.<br />

What is meant by “special character” are properties or a set of properties which<br />

make the agricultural or <strong>food</strong> product clearly dist<strong>in</strong>ct from other similar agricultural<br />

or <strong>food</strong> products of the same category.<br />

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