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agriculture and food economy in poland

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FOOD INDUSTRY<br />

animals for slaughter, ca 65% <strong>in</strong> cereals <strong>and</strong> milk process<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> over 80% <strong>in</strong> fruit<br />

process<strong>in</strong>g.<br />

Adjustment processes contributed to a significant <strong>in</strong>vestment recovery<br />

after a 3-year decl<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> expenditure on fixed assets. In 2003 <strong>in</strong>vestment<br />

expenditure <strong>in</strong>creased by approximately 30% <strong>and</strong> was equal to more than<br />

USD 1.5 billion <strong>and</strong> the <strong>in</strong>vestment rate rose from 5.8% <strong>in</strong> 2002 to 7% <strong>in</strong> 2003.<br />

Investment outlays were allocated ma<strong>in</strong>ly for modernisation processes, adaptation<br />

to sanitary <strong>and</strong> veter<strong>in</strong>ary as well as quality requirements <strong>and</strong> environmental<br />

protection.<br />

Economic situation of the <strong>food</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry<br />

In 2003 the performance of <strong>food</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry deteriorated, though it cont<strong>in</strong>ued to<br />

operate at a profit. Losses were <strong>in</strong>curred by the public sector, where the cost level<br />

<strong>in</strong>dex was 103.8% aga<strong>in</strong>st 97.3% <strong>in</strong> the private sector. The performance of <strong>food</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />

beverage <strong>in</strong>dustry is much better than that of the tobacco <strong>in</strong>dustry.<br />

Table 10. Costs <strong>and</strong> profitability of <strong>food</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry <strong>in</strong> enterprises employ<strong>in</strong>g 50 persons <strong>and</strong> more<br />

<strong>in</strong> 2002-2003<br />

Cost Profitability*<br />

Specification<br />

level <strong>in</strong>dex Gross net<br />

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003<br />

Total <strong>food</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry<br />

<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g:<br />

97,3 97,7 2,8 2,3 1,8 1,4<br />

- public sector 100,2 103,8 0 -3,1 -0,8 -3,9<br />

- private sector 97,0 97,3 3,1 2,7 2,1 1,8<br />

Production of <strong>food</strong>stuffs <strong>and</strong> beverages,<br />

<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g:<br />

97,0 97,6 3,1 2,5 2,0 1,5<br />

- public sector 100,3 103,9 0 -3,2 -0,8 -4,0<br />

- private sector 96,6 97,0 3,4 3,0 2,3 1,9<br />

Manufacture of tobacco products<br />

<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g:<br />

99,2 99,1 0,8 0,9 0,5 0,7<br />

- public sector 99,4 99,6 0,6 0,4 0,3 0,3<br />

- private sector 99,2 99,0 0,8 0,9 0,5 0,7<br />

* relation of the gross or net f<strong>in</strong>ancial result to revenues from all operations<br />

Source: GUS<br />

Out of 1 526 <strong>food</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustry establishments employ<strong>in</strong>g 50 <strong>and</strong> more persons,<br />

74.2% generated net profit (79.9% <strong>in</strong> 2002). A share of <strong>food</strong> <strong>and</strong> beverage<br />

enterprises operat<strong>in</strong>g at a profit is much bigger <strong>in</strong> the private sector (76.3%) than <strong>in</strong><br />

the public sector (42.2%). As opposed to it, the share of the private sector tobacco<br />

enterprises that generate a net profit is smaller (42.9%).<br />

35

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