Status of Caribbean coral reefs after bleaching and hurricanes in 2005

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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Reef Programs and Monitoring Networksand regular review of ICRI’s Framework for Action. ICRAN has been working at the global, regional and locallevel in over 30 countries with a range of activities that focus on the prevention and mitigation of coral reefdegradation through management, monitoring and public awareness actions. Recognising that reefs andpeople are inextricably linked, ICRAN works to build resource stewardship within communities by providingopportunities to develop the skills and tools needed to ensure the sustainable use, and the long-term vitality ofcoral reefs. Actions include alternative livelihoods, training, capacity-building, and the exchange and applicationof traditional knowledge, and current scientific, economic and social information. E-mail: info@icran.org;www.icran.orgICRI - INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF INITIATIVEThe International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is a unique public-private partnership that brings togethergovernments, international organizations, scientific entities, and non-governmental organizations committedto reversing the global degradation of coral reefs and related ecosystems, such as mangrove forests and seagrassmeadows, by promoting the conservation and sustainable use of these resources for future generations. Sinceits establishment in 1995, ICRI has been a driving force behind scientific, governmental and civil society effortsto protect coral reefs and related ecosystems. The ICRI approach is to provide a platform for informationsharing, as well as mobilize governments and a wide range of other stakeholders in an effort to improvemanagement practices, increase capacity and political support, and share information on the health of thesefragile ecosystems. In particular, ICRI aims to catalyse action that will: improve management practices;increase capacity and political support; and share information on the health of these ecosystems. ICRI hasalso designated 2008 as the International Year of the Reef (information: www.iyor.org). The ICRI Secretariatis currently hosted by the Governments of Mexico and USA, with an office based at UNEP in the UK; for moreinformation, see www.icriforum.org and to contact the ICRI Secretariat, icri@unep-wcmc.org.IFRECOR - FRENCH CORAL REEFS INITIATIVEIFRECOR is the national programme for coral reefs in French tropical overseas territories. IFRECOR, launchedin 1999 by the Ministries of Environment and Overseas Territories, developed a National Coral Reef Action Planto be coordinated by a secretariat in the two Ministries. A national steering committee contains members ofparliament, other ministries, social and natural scientists, and NGOs to recommend tasks under the plan. TheIFRECOR budget was Euro 2 million over the last 4 years for activities within the 7 French overseas territorieswith coral reefs. Each territory has a local committee of stakeholders to implement coral reef management.IFRECOR has been successful in raising public awareness of the importance of coral reefs, establishing a Frenchcoral reef monitoring network, exchanging coral reef experiences between overseas territories, promotingsustainable uses, involving local communities, and conserving coral reefs. IFRECOR promotes French scientificand technical knowledge at international levels, encourages the participation of French coral reefs specialistsin research, assists in developing and managing coral reefs in other countries, and participates in internationalcoral reef monitoring. Since its establishment, IFRECOR, has catalysed an increasing the commitment bygovernment and overseas territories to protect coral reefs and designate MPAs. The next IFRECOR steeringcommittee meeting will be in Guadeloupe, FWI in April 2008. Contact: Bernard Salvat, Ecole Pratique desHautes Etudes, Université de Perpignan, France, bsalvat@univ-perp.frIOC/UNESCO - INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSIONThe IOC was established under the auspices of UNESCO in 1960 to provide Member States of the United Nationswith an essential mechanism for global cooperation in the study of the ocean. For more than 15 years, theIOC has sponsored international research and observation programmes aimed at management of coral reefecosystems and, more recently, the impacts from climate change and ocean acidification on reef systems. IOC,with UNEP, IUCN and the World Meteorological Organization formed the Global Task Team on Coral Reefsin 1991 to develop global coral reef monitoring, which was the precursor to the GCRMN, with IOC, UNEP,IUCN, World Bank and the CBD now as co-sponsors. The IOC also collaborates with other programmes withinUNESCO dealing with coral reefs, including the World Heritage programme, the World Network of BiosphereReserves, and the Coasts and Small Island Developing States programme. The GCRMN contributes data oncoral reef health and resources to the Global Ocean Observing System. Contact: Henrik Enevoldsen, IOCScience and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farimagsgade 2D,1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. h.enevoldsen@unesco.org; www.ioc.unesco.org139
Status of Caribbean Coral Reefs after Bleaching and Hurricanes in 2005IUCN- THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNIONFounded in 1948, IUCN brings 1035 States, government agencies and NGOs from 181 countries together in aunique global partnership to influence, encourage and assist societies to conserve the integrity and diversity ofnature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. Its contributionsinclude generating conservation knowledge, setting standards, developing and applying conservation tools,building capacity, and improving policies and global governance. The secretariat is located in Gland, Switzerland,and there are 42 regional and country offices and 10,000 volunteer experts within 6 Commissions, including theWorld Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) and the Species Survival Commission (SSC), which focus onparticular species, biodiversity conservation and the management of habitats and natural resources. The IUCNGlobal Marine Program links the members to all IUCN marine activities, including projects and initiatives of theregional offices and Commissions. The program is anchored in IUCN Headquarters, with most of the technicalstaff in regions with significant marine constituencies and issues. IUCN is a founding member of the GCRMNand the Head of the Marine Programme is the current Chair of the Management Group. Contact: Carl GustafLundin, Global Marine Program IUCN - The World Conservation Union, Rue Mauverney 28, CH-1196 Gland,Switzerland, Marine@iucn.orgISRS - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIESISRS, founded in 1980, is the leading organisation for professional scientists, managers, and students of coralreef studies, with a projected membership in 2008 of more than 1000 from 60 countries. The Society promotesthe production and dissemination of scientific knowledge and understanding of coral reefs, both living andfossil. It prints and distributes the journal Coral Reefs and the newsletter Reef Encounter, and offers majorresearch awards and travel support for students. ISRS also assists institutions in developing countries toenhance their library resources. The Society awards the prestigious Darwin Medal for major contributions tocoral reef studies, and coordinates and assists host countries with the quadrennial International Coral ReefSymposium, which it co-sponsors. Contact: Richard Aronson, President: raronson@disl.org; www.fit.edu/isrs/NCAR - Nat i o na l Center f o r Atmospheric Research.NCAR is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the National Science Foundation.NCAR scientists collaborate with university colleagues to study climate, air chemistry, storms and basicweather processes, the Sun and its effects on the Earth, and how human activities affect and are affected bythe atmospheric environment. NCAR also provides computing and observing services to researchers workingin areas related to the atmosphere. The NCAR Institute for the Study of Society and Environment conductsresearch on the ecological and societal impacts of climate and weather, including studies of coral reef ecosystemvulnerability to global warming, ocean acidification, and other aspects of climate change. Scientists study theseinteractions to improve projections of the impacts of climate on ecosystems and natural resources, and to assistin forward-looking management strategies. NCAR is managed by the University Corporation for AtmosphericResearch, a not-for-profit consortium of universities. Contact: Lucy Warner, UCAR Communications, 3300Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA, lwarner@ucar.edu; www.ncar.edu.NOAA - NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION USANOAA is an agency of the Department of Commerce dedicated to enhancing public health and safety andpromoting sound economic interests by researching and predicting weather and climate-related events andprotecting the coastal and marine resources of the USA. NOAA is a steward of U.S. marine resources and cochairsthe U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, which is responsible for coordinating U.S. government efforts to conservecoral reefs. The NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) addresses priorities in the National Action Planto Conserve Coral Reefs and the National Coral Reef Action Strategy such as mapping, monitoring, research,education and managing reef resources. The CRCP facilitates and supports partnerships with scientific, private,government and NGO groups at local, state, federal and international levels. The goal is to support effectivemanagement and sound science to preserve, sustain and restore valuable coral reef ecosystems. Contact:NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program, 1305 East-West Highway, N/OCRM, Silver Spring, MD, 20910 USA;coralreef@noaa.gov; www.coralreef.noaa.gov.140
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Dedication: This book is dedicated
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Caribb
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3. Hu r r i ca n e s a n d t h e i
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Hurricanes and their Effect on Cora
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Hurricanes and their Effect on Cora
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4. Th e 2005 Bl e a c h i n g Ev e
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The 2005 Bleaching Event: Coral-Lis
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Coral Reefs of the U.S. Caribbean19
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Status of Caribbean coral reefs after bleaching and hurricanes in 2005

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