Final Program EXPRES 2012 - Conferences

Heating and heat storage of buildings envelopes bysunlight have been found to cause urban heat islandsformation. Building envelopes are of materials whichhave high absorption and thermal capacity andabsorbed solar radiation cause during night warmerenvelope’s surfaces then surrounding air. Reducing theheat absorbed by these surfaces or lowering thesurface temperature mitigate influence of heat islands.But as the water layer above wall suface needs a lot ofwater floing down, new rehnolgy was discoveredcoating wall surface with TiO 2 developted.Figure 8.. Thermo vision camera picture of thetemperature field in the water film and temperaturesalong the horizontal and vertical sections above theglass paneVII. APLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOFIESWater cooling system with application of superhydrophilicof Titanium dioxide Ti0 2 coating isdeveloped Japan and described in the paper written byJiang He and Akira Hoyano (Energy&Buildings 40/2008). Water is sprinkled ( Figure 8.) From the top ofwall or roof flowing down the water. The water iscollected in the bottom into water reservoir. This wateris pumped up also with collected rainwater and reusedfor sprinkling the entire cycles. Such technologyproduces the very thin water layer and water savingand also the uniform distribution of water, as well aswater saving what is important in coming futureconcerning needs of water.•VIII. CONCLUSIONBuildings are protected with insulation whichremains unchanged during both the summer and thewinter season. It is an advantage for a building, as,opposite to a man, a building uses cooling devices toreduce its temperature. However energy is necessary insuch cases, which should be avoided in the presentsituation, regarding the energy crisis. Perspiration, theonly possible effect of a human body cooling in hightemperature areas has not been used largely inbuildings. A few buildings around the world show it isa possible option. Unfortunately, the impression is thatbuilding cooling was not the primary task of the waterflow on facades, although it was one of the aims whendesigning those buildings. The task remains to expandit, but before each such building design, exactcalculations, simulations, optimisation should be done,resulting in total energy balance, taking into accountwater and energy balance.The building envelopes are the main factor ofbuilding energy efficiency, as they represent a skin of abuilding’s body. They should react as real skin as muchas possible, defending interior from preheating,conserving it from heat losses in the heating season.That could be achieved relatively easy, but thearchitects and all factors influencing building designhave to be working together in a manner of integraldesigning.The energy needs analyze should be implementedin the building technical documentation, as a proof thatthe building will be a green one - at least from the pointof view of energy efficiency and energy conservation.Computer programs that can be easily and quickly usedon all locations have defined a meteorological year. Forother locations, there are another methods, based ondegrees-days, or formulas given in some studies andrecommended, as in Germany. The effect of waterflowing above glass facades is in lowering thetemperature of glass, and in reduced solar radiationtransmittance.Figure. 9. The view on the new cooling system forbuildings12