Sartre's second century

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1945-2005: Existentialism and Humanism Sixty Years On 85 —. La Nausee. Paris: Gallimard, 1938. —. La Transcendance de VEgo. Paris: Vrin, 1992. —. L'£tre et le neant. Paris: Gallimard, 1943 (Collection 'TEL', 1995). —. Lettres au Castor, I. Paris: Gallimard, 1983. —. L'Existentialisme est un humanisme. Paris: Nagel, 1964.
CHAPTER SEVEN SARTRE, INTENTIONALITY AND PRAXIS 1 ROY ELVETON In January, 1939, one year after the death of Edmund Husserl, Sartre published a very brief essay entitled "Husserl's Central Idea". 2 In the space of a few paragraphs, Sartre rejects the epistemology of Descartes and the neo-Kantians and their view of consciousness's relationship to the world. Consciousness is not related to the world by virtue of a series of mental representations and acts of mental syntheses that combine such representations to provide us with our knowledge of the external world. Husserl's intentional theory of consciousness provides the only acceptable alternative: "Consciousness and the world are immediately given together: the world, essentially external to consciousness, is essentially related to it." 3 The only appropriate image for intentionality and our knowing relationship to the world is that of an "explosion": "to know is to 'explode' toward" an object in the world, an object "beyond oneself, over there [...] towards that which is not oneself [...] out of oneself'. 4 Sartre's account captures an important aspect of Husserl's theory of intentionality by insisting upon the essential nature of intentionality: consciousness is always a consciousness of an object, be it a real object, an imagined object, a memory or an emotion. While the ontological realism of Sartre's account of the nature of consciousness's intentional relationship to the world (the being-in-itself of transcendent objects is not created or constituted by consciousness) A draft of this chapter was presented to the special conference of the UK Sartre Society at the Institut Frangais, London, commemorating the centenary of Sartre's birth, 18-19 March 2005. 2 Sartre," Une id6e fondamentale de la phdnom£nologie de Husserl: rintentionnalit£ ". 3 "La conscience et le monde sont donnas d'un meme coup: ext^rieur par essence h la conscience, le monde est, par essence, relatif h elle" ("Une Id£e fondamentale de Husserl", 32). All translations from French are my own. 4 Ibid.
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Sartre's Second Century Edited by B
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To Heather and to Kevin and Solveig
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viii Table of Contents CHAPTER NINE
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X Introduction unique in embracing
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Xll Introduction but throughout wes
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CHAPTER ONE SARTRE: A BIOGRAPHICAL
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 3 Par
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 5 By
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 7 The
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 9 wer
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 11 ba
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 13 Ho
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Sartre: A Biographical Sketch 15 ph
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CHAPTER TWO AUTOBIOGRAPHY, ONTOLOGY
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Autobiography, Ontology and Respons
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Page 48 and 49: CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE AND PHILOS
Page 50 and 51: Literature and Philosophy in Sartre
Page 60 and 61: Temporality and the Death of Lucien
Page 70 and 71: Sartre and Nietzsche: Brothers in A
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER SIX 1945-2005: EXISTENTIALI
Page 88 and 89: 1945-2005: Existentialism and Human
Page 100 and 101: Sartre, Intentionality and Praxis 8
Page 118 and 119: The New Sartre: A Postmodern Progen
Page 136 and 137: CHAPTER NINE A SURREPTITIOUS ROMANT
Page 138 and 139: Reading Sartre with Victor Hugo 125
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Reading Sartre with Victor Hugo 135
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Hidden Wordplay in the Works of Jea
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CHAPTER ELEVEN DESTABILISING IDENTI
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The Literary-Philosophical Experien
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CHAPTER TWELVE CONTEMPORARY PERSPEC
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Contemporary Perspectives 175 evide
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Contemporary Perspectives 177 has t
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Contemporary Perspectives 179 exten
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Contemporary Perspectives 181 (The
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Contemporary Perspectives 183 mistr
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Contemporary Perspectives 185 chara
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Contemporary Perspectives 187 "So,
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Contemporary Perspectives 189 We ex
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN EXISTENTIALIST IMP
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Existentialist Impact on 6shima Nag
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Sartre's Legacy in an Era of Obscur
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CONTRIBUTORS CAM CLAYTON Cam Clayto
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Sartre's Second Century 217 SlMONE
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