6/5/2012Root or Prefix Meaning Examplestrans across transoceanic, transmit, transport,transducer, transit, intransitiveun not uncooked, unharmed, unintended,unhappy, unenlightened,unremarkableveh, vect, vey to carry vector, vehicle, convection,vehement, convey, conveyance,conveyorvert, vers to turn convert, revert, advertise, versatile,vertigo, invert, reversion, extravert,introvertven, vent to come convention, prevent, intervention,convent, Advent, invent, inventorySuffix Meaning Examplesable, ible able to be, capable <strong>of</strong> being pourable, drinkable, readable,washable, curable, visible, flexible,collectibleance, ancystate <strong>of</strong>, process <strong>of</strong>performance, reliance, defiance,radiance, acceptance, ascendancy,discrepancy, infancyatorone who does [<strong>the</strong> verb]terminator, culminator, agitator,instigator, generator, incubator,accelerator, invigorator, elevatorverm worm vermin, vermicelli, vermiculite,vermicide, vermiform, vermiliondomcondition, <strong>of</strong>fice, statekingdom, freedom, wisdom,sheikdom, fiefdom, sheikdomvita life vital, vitality, vitamins, revitalizevol to will benevolent, volition, voluntary,malevolentvita life vital, vitality, vitamins, revitalizeeeer, orone who receivesone who does [<strong>the</strong> verb]payee, mortgagee, employee,appointee, abductee, examinee,referee, refugeedriver, hiker, reader, manager,polisher, speaker, counselor, author,creator, director, sculptorSuffix Meaning ExamplesSuffixMeaningExamplesfulfilled withfrightful, delightful, wonderful,cupful, wakeful, bashful, bountiful,beautiful, cheerful, colorful, dreadful,fatefulizeto make intorationalize, normalize, realize,capitalize, sterilize, dramatize, utilize,colorizeifyto make intopurify, deify, simplify, clarify, petrify,reify, exemplify, pacifyization<strong>the</strong> process <strong>of</strong> making intorationalization, normalization,realization, capitalization,dramatizationificationishprocess <strong>of</strong> making into<strong>the</strong> nature <strong>of</strong>, resemblingpurification, deification,simplifiction, clarification,petrificationCornish, Irish, bookish, freakish,foolish, boorish, selfish, sluggish,priggishlesswithout, lackingloveless, fearless, worthless,nameless, baseless, bottomless,effortless, friendless, noiseless,harmlessismdoctrine, system, characteristicqualitycapitalism, heroism, optimism,skepticism, realism, patriotism,communism, idealism, conservatismisttympanist, cellist, idealist,one who performs; an adherent <strong>of</strong> ancommunist, realist, moralist,ismpharamacist, pragmatist4
6/5/2012Developmental ReadingThe word “antonym” comes from <strong>the</strong>Greek αητι (meaning opposite) andοηοmα (meaning name), which meansword pairs that are opposite inmeaning. Common examples:• big and small• hot and cold• fat and thin• up and downNote: sometimes prefixes areused to create antonyms, as inreal and unreal or exhaustible andinexhaustible.1. Relational Antonyms2. Gradable Antonyms3. Non-Gradable Antonyms4. Auto AntonymsThe two words are opposites because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>relationship between <strong>the</strong>m in <strong>the</strong> real world.Examples:• Parent /Child• Teacher/Student• Buy/SellThese words are on two ends <strong>of</strong> a spectrumExample:WhiteMestizoMorenaTanBlackWhite and black are opposites here, but <strong>the</strong>y contain descriptions in between <strong>the</strong>m1
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