(SAR) to Support Agricultural Monitoring 2 - Group on Earth ...

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International GEO Workshop on <strong>SAR</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>Support</strong> <strong>Agricultural</strong> Moni<strong>to</strong>ring Anne Smith (AAFC) described the data collection for their research project “Investigating RADARSAT-2 as a Tool for Moni<strong>to</strong>ring Grassland in Western Canada”. She proposed that RADARSAT-2 has potential <strong>to</strong> contribute <strong>to</strong> two of the project’s three objectives, namely: • the spatial extent and fragmentation of native grasslands, • the invasive plant species, leafy spurge, on native grasslands. Carlos Cotlier (Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina) highlighted recent work on identifying crops on small fields in the urban fringe. He concluded that Radarsat-2 Ultra Fine Beam images are optimum for land use detection of horticulture intensive farming, and they could detect small plots less than an acre in size. To discriminate the crops, he recommends using two consecutive Ultra Fine Beam images (24 days apart) with different polarizations, (e.g. one HH and the other HV), and creating a color composite image HH-HV or HH/HV. Christiane Schmullius (Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany) presented “Preparing for Sentinel-1: Operational Capabilities of C-Band Multi-Resolution and Multi-Polarized <strong>SAR</strong> Data for Crop Mapping”. She concluded that: • Multitemporal, multipolarized C-Band <strong>SAR</strong>-Data proves very high potential for crop mapping. • Optimal polarizations are HV and VV; HH has less information content. • Temporal resolution is more important for crop mapping than geometric resolution. She also demonstrated that the overall accuracy could be increased <strong>to</strong> 85% by combining the <strong>SAR</strong> results with Corine Land Cover 2000 using object segments and a majority function for allocation of pixels <strong>to</strong> segments. 2.6 Capacity Building Activities and Opportunities This session described specific programs and projects related <strong>to</strong> capacity building and opportunities for developing countries <strong>to</strong> take advantage of <strong>SAR</strong> technology. Stéphane Chalifoux (CSA) presented the SOAR (Science and Operational Applications Research) Program. He challenged the <strong>Agricultural</strong> Community of Practice <strong>to</strong> discuss with CSA such opportunities as opening a new initiative, implementing a special project (perhaps through JECAM) or making a general request <strong>to</strong> all space agencies with <strong>SAR</strong> sensors. Ron Caves (MDA) described Agri<strong>SAR</strong> 2009, a campaign with the following objectives: • Simulate Sentinel-1 data products especially in terms of repeat observation, resolution and polarization. • Evaluate the performance of Sentinel-1 for agricultural and land cover products based on dense time series of radar data. • Evaluate the added value of full and compact polarimetry for the same information products. • Develop methodology for the generation and validation of agricultural and land cover map information products based on C-band radar data. Data was collected over three diverse agriculture test sites during 2009, and processing is ongoing. Figure 4 shows a RADARSAT-2 Fine Quad Mode of Flevoland in the Netherlands. 11
International GEO Workshop on <strong>SAR</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>Support</strong> <strong>Agricultural</strong> Moni<strong>to</strong>ring Figure 4 RADARSAT-2 Fine Quad Mode Scene of Flevoland, Netherlands Tamuka Magadzire (FEWS-NET, Botswana) described FEWS-NET (Famine Early Warning Systems Network), which is a USAID-funded project dedicated <strong>to</strong> strengthening the abilities of countries/ governments and national/ regional organizations <strong>to</strong> manage threats of food insecurity and famine through generating and providing information about food security <strong>to</strong> a wide range of users. He presented both agricultural moni<strong>to</strong>ring and training/capacity building activities of FEWS-NET in Africa, central Asia and Central America/Caribbean. He emphasized a number of lessons learned from his training and capacity building experience. He highlighted approaches that DO NOT work include: • Providing training that is not based on real demand from clients. 12
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