Review of 2012 – EUR - Skanska

Note19Intangible assetsIntangible assets are recognized in compliance with IAS 38, “Intangible Assets.”See “Accounting and valuation principles,” Note 1.Intangible assets and useful life appliedDec 31,2012Dec 31,2011Useful lifeappliedIntangible assets, internally generated 0.9 3–5 yearsIntangible assets, externally acquired 20.7 17.7 3–10 yearsTotal 21.7 17.7“Externally acquired intangible assets” includes acquired patents in Sweden,acquired service contracts in the United Kingdom, acquired customer contracts inPoland, extraction rights for gravel pits and rock quarries in Sweden, and computersoftware.Computer software is amortized over three to five years. Service contracts areamortized over a period of three to six years, customer contracts are amortized atthe pace of completion and patents are amortized over ten years. Extraction rightsfor rock quarries and gravel pits are amortized as material is extracted.Amortization of other intangible assets by functionAll intangible assets were amortized, because they have a limited useful life.Amortization by function 2012 2011Cost of sales –4.6 –3.9Selling and administration –4.3 –6.0Total –8.8 –9.9Impairment losses/reversals of impairment losses on other intangibleassetsDuring 2012 and 2011, there were no impairment losses/reversals of impairmentlosses on other intangible assets.Information about cost, accumulated amortization and accumulatedimpairment lossesAccumulated costExpresswayconcessionOther intangibleassets,externally acquiredIntangible assets,internallygenerated 12012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011January 1 0.0 20.6 93.6 84.3 7.2 7.1Acquisitions of companies 1.9Other investments 18.2 11.7 7.8 0.3Divestments –20.0 –1.0 –0.6Disposals –7.4Reclassifications –18.7 –1.8 0.8Exchange-rate differencesfor the year 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.10.0 0.0 103.5 93.6 1.2 7.2Accumulated amortizationJanuary 1 0.0 0.0 –73.0 –62.5 –7.2 –7.1Divestments 1.0 0.1Amortization for the year –8.6 –9.9 –0.2Disposals 7.4Reclassifications 1.0Exchange-rate differences–0.2 –0.8 –0.2 –0.1for the year0.0 0.0 –79.8 –73.0 –0.2 –7.2Accumulated impairmentlossesJanuary 1 –2.9 –3.2Divestments 0.3Impairment losses for the yearExchange-rate differences–0.1 0.0for the year0.0 0.0 –3.0 –2.9 0.0 0.0Carrying amount, December 31 0.0 0.0 20.7 17.7 0.9 0.0Carrying amount, January 1 0.0 20.6 17.7 18.6 0.0 0.01 Internally generated intangible assets consisted of computer software.Other mattersInformation about capitalized interest is presented in Note 15, “Borrowing costs.”Direct research and development expenses amounted to EUR 13.1 M (4.7).134 Notes, including accounting and valuation principles Skanska Review of 2012 – EUR version