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Mukesh Kumar, Binod Kumar and Chandan KishoreTable: 2 : Genetic Parameters for eight quantitative characters of 35 WheatgenotypesSl. Characters Variance GCV PCV h 2 GA GA as %No.22 2g P e(%) (%) (bs%) of Mean1 Days to flowering 12.302 15.819 3.517 4.777 5.417 77.8 6.372 8.6772 Days to maturity 0.094 2.909 2.815 0.276 1.535 3.2 0.113 0.1023 Plant height 6.489 7.715 1.226 3.230 3.522 84.1 4.812 6.1034 Number of effectivetillers per plant 8.177 11.064 2.887 25.042 29.130 73.9 5.064 44.3475 Spike length 0.465 2.744 2.279 5.754 13.982 16.9 0.578 4.8786 Number of grainsper spike 74.203 78.589 4.386 18.032 18.557 94.4 17.243 36.0947 1000 grain weight 15.756 17.656 1.900 12.298 13.018 89.2 7.724 23.9328 Grain yield per plant 6.571 8.924 2.353 13.377 15.590 73.6 4.531 23.646maturity (2.909 and 0.094) was observed (Table 2). Phenotypic variance were higherthan genotypic variance for all the yield and yield contributing characters, indicating theinfluence of environmental factors on these traits. These finding of genotypic andphenotypic variances for different qualitative traits in wheat are in accordance with thefindings of Bergale et al. (2001), Rafat et al. (2005) and Kumar et al. (2009).In general, estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were observedhigher than their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), for all characters.A wide range of phenotypic coefficient of variation were observed for traits. It rangedfrom 1.535 (days to maturity) to 29.530 % (number of effective tillers per plant). Maximumphenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was recorded for effective tillers per plant(29.930%), while moderate estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) wasobserved for number of grains per spike (18.557%) followed by grain yield per plant(15.590%) and spike length (13.982%). Low estimates of phenotypic coefficient ofvariation (PCV) values were observed in days to maturity (1.535%) and days to flowering(5.417%). Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 0.276 (days to maturity)to 25.042% (number of effective tillers per plant). Higher magnitude of genotypiccoefficient of variation (GCV) was observed for number of effective tillers per plant76
The Allahabad Farmer Vol. LXVIII, January - 2013 No. 2(25.042%), moderate estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for numberof grains per spike (18.032%) followed by grain yield per plant (13.377%) and 1000grain weight (12.298), whereas low estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV)was observed for days to maturity (0.276%), plant height (3.230%) and days to flowering(4.777%). The higher magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypiccoefficient of variation (PCV) were recorded in number of effective tillers per plant andnumber of grains per spike suggesting that sufficient variability present in the gene poolfor genetic improvement through selection for these traits. These findings are in agreementwith those of Dwivedi et al. (2002) and Sen and Toms (2007).Relatively low magnitudinal difference were observed for genotypic coefficient ofvariation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) in relation to days tomaturity, plant height and days to flowering, indicating less environmental influence in theexpression of these attributes, while greater influence of the environment in the expressionof other traits. Thus, these values alone are not helpful in determining the heritable portionof variation.The proportion of genetic variability which is transmitted from parents to offspringis reflected by heritability (Lush, 1949). Highest heritability was observed for numberof grains per spike (94.4%) followed by 1000 grain weight (89.2%), plant height (84.1%),days to flowering (77.8%), number of effective tillers per plant (73.9%) and grain yieldper plant (73.6%) (Table 2). High estimates of heritability were also reported byPhadnawa et al. (2002) for test weigh, Nimbalker et al. (2002) for number of grainsper spike and Asif et al. (2004) for plant height.High genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for number of number ofeffective tillers per plant (44.35%) followed by number of grains per spike (36.09%),1000 grain weight (23.93%) and grain yield per plant (23.65%), while days to maturity(0.10%), spike length (4.88%) and plant height (6.10%) showed low estimates of geneticadvance as per cent of mean.The estimates of heritability are more advantageous when expressed in terms ofgenetic advance. Johnson et al. (1955) suggested that without genetic advance theestimates of heritability will not be of practical value and emphasized the concurrent useof genetic advance along with heritability. Based on this consideration, high heritabilityaccompanied with high genetic advance was registered for number of grains per spike,number of effective tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant. Thisindicates that to heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects and thus selection77
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Page 31 and 32: Verma Rekha and Parvez RaziaINTRODU
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Page 99 and 100: Pradeep Kumar, S.S. SengarREFERENCE
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