Advisory Committee on Pesticides Annual Report 2001

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Section E: UK Review Programme Dichlorophen See non-agricultural uses, page 52. Dichlorvos Dichlorvos is a contact, ingestion and inhalation insecticide, approved for use in agricultural situations. This active substance was considered as part of the UK review of anticholinesterase compounds. Three products were covered in the review of agricultural uses – ‘Nuvan 500 EC’, used to control flies and mites in animal units, particularly poultry houses; and ‘Luxan Dichlorvos 600’ and ‘Luxan Dichlorvos Aerosol 15’, used in glasshouses to control insect pests of cucumbers and other protected edible and non-edible crops. The review considered human health issues only. Non-agricultural uses were also considered in parallel by the <strong>Committee</strong> (see page 53). Two approval holders, who provided data relating to the active substance and products, supported the review. The ACP also took into consideration additional comments on the importance of the use of dichlorvos in glasshouses, supplied by representatives of the horticultural industry. Based on all the information then available, the <strong>Committee</strong> agreed in April 2001 that Ministers should be advised: 43 ● ● To revoke approvals for use of ‘Nuvan 500 EC’ in animal husbandry, where animals were present at the time of treatment. Use of the product where animals were not present during application could continue, subject to the provision of further data. To suspend, with immediate effect for approval holders and their agents, the use of ‘Luxan Dichlorvos 600’ and ‘Luxan Dichlorvos Aerosol 15’ on cucumbers and other edible crops because there was insufficient reassurance that long-term dietary exposures would be acceptable. Members did not identify any immediate consumer concerns, and advised that use of existing stocks of the products on edible crops could continue for a further two years. They recommended that reinstatement of uses on edible crops should depend on the approval holders satisfactorily addressing concerns about the long-term exposures of consumers by submission of further data. Approvals for the use of ‘Luxan Dichlorvos 600’ and ‘Luxan Dichlorvos Aerosol 15’ on ornamentals could continue, subject to the provision of data.
<strong>Advisory</strong> <strong>Committee</strong> on Pesticides Annual Report 2001 ● ● ● That approvals for all continuing uses (both animal husbandry and glasshouse crop use) should be amended to impose a requirement for the use of automated application equipment, to ensure that operators are excluded from structures during application. That approvals should be subject to provision of further data (physicalchemical properties, methods of analysis, mammalian toxicology, operator exposure and consumer exposure). That approval holders must notify their intent to support these approvals within short deadlines. The ACP also noted that dichlorvos was under discussion by the <strong>Committee</strong> on Mutagenicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COM), and recognised that the above recommendations would perhaps require modification in accordance with the COM’s findings. 44 At the May ACP meeting, members were informed that the COM findings were not finalised, and thus it maintained its recommendations from the previous meeting, with the minor change that ‘clean-up’ use on empty glasshouses could remain, subject to the use of automated application machinery and the provision of further data. At the same time as the ACP review of dichlorvos, the COM reviewed all the available mutagenicity data. The COM produced a preliminary statement, concluding that dichlorvos was an in-vivo mutagen (i.e. capable of causing mutations in living animals) at the site of contact. Approval holders were invited to provide comments on this conclusion. At the July ACP meeting, the <strong>Committee</strong> considered the possible implications of the draft COM statement, and agreed to advise Ministers as follows: If COM’s final conclusions were that dichlorvos was an in-vivo mutagen, and COM could not exclude the possibility that the occurrence of tumours in animal tests of carcinogenicity resulted from a genotoxic mechanism, there should be immediate revocation of all uses (both agricultural and non-agricultural). This was to include recall of stocks from the supply chain for products used in both the amateur and professional areas. This advice was given as a precautionary measure, since the possibility of human genotoxic carcinogenicity could not be excluded. The <strong>Committee</strong> agreed that any risk of human carcinogenicity was likely to be very small, and would be mainly associated with certain uses in the home and with exposures to some
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Advisory Committee on Pesticides Annual Report 2001

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