Advisory Committee on Pesticides Annual Report 2001

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Section E: UK Review Programme products containing pirimiphos-methyl, both of which are approved for use by professionals only. They are an emulsifiable concentrate insecticide/wood preservative and a dusting powder insecticide for professional use against flying and crawling insects. A human health review of pirimiphos-methyl had been undertaken by PSD and considered by the <strong>Committee</strong> earlier in the year (see page 50). The <strong>Committee</strong> then considered a review of the human health and efficacy issues associated with the non-agricultural use of pirimiphos-methyl. The <strong>Committee</strong> noted that it had already agreed a NOAEL of 0.25 mg/kg/bw/day for repeated exposure. In addition, it had agreed values for the dermal absorption of pirimiphos-methyl of one percent from an emulsifiable concentrate and a 100 g/l dilution, five percent for a 1 g/l dilution and one percent for the dermal absorption of pirimiphos-methyl from a dustable powder. The <strong>Committee</strong> agreed that the predicted exposure of those using products was generally acceptable but gave cause for concern when exposures at the 95 th percentile level were considered. It considered that the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) would mitigate exposure of workers and asked for further consideration of the way in which data had been used to predict highlevel exposures. The <strong>Committee</strong> noted that the operator exposure assessments for agricultural products used the 75 th percentile and, for comparative purposes, asked HSE to present exposure predictions on the same basis. 63 The <strong>Committee</strong> considered that, once surface residues were dry, further dislodging of active substance from treated surfaces was highly unlikely. Also, there would be a provision for the exclusion of people and animals during application of the pesticide. The predicted long-term exposure to pirimiphosmethyl after treatments had been carried out gave some cause for concern, although the exposure predictions were not well-established and were based on a series of assumptions in the absence of actual data. The <strong>Committee</strong> agreed that its concerns should be communicated to the approval holder, who should be asked to comment on the current exposure predictions and provide assurance that exposures of children and adults would be acceptable. The <strong>Committee</strong> agreed that further clarification was required from the approval holder regarding the possible photodegradation of pirimiphosmethyl. It also asked HSE to consider further various issues relating to the efficacy of the products and to liase with PSD regarding the consumer risk assessment for stored food.
<strong>Advisory</strong> <strong>Committee</strong> on Pesticides Annual Report 2001 Section F: Other items considered during the year The <strong>Committee</strong> considered the following additional items during 2001: Pesticide usage survey reports Report 162 – Rodenticide use on farms in Great Britain growing arable crops 1998 This report presented results of the fourth fully co-ordinated survey of rodenticide usage throughout Great Britain on farms growing arable crops, previous surveys having been conducted in 1992, 1994 and 1996. 64 A survey of rodenticide usage on 997 holdings growing arable crops in Great Britain in 1998 provided data which had been extrapolated to give an estimate of national usage on such holdings. The most extensively used rodenticides, in terms of number of occurrences, were difenacoum, bromadiolone, chlorophacinone, coumatetralyl, brodifacoum and cholecalciferol/difenacoum. These six active substances accounted for 95 percent of all occurrences excluding holdings where the product was unknown, and the report concentrates on the comparison of usage between these six principal rodenticides. All other rodenticides had only limited occurrence and information concerning their usage requires cautious interpretation as the data may have been subject to statistical error. Eastern region accounted for 37 percent, by weight, of the total amount of the principal active substances used in Great Britain, with Scotland and Northern region accounting for a further 15 percent and 20 percent respectively. The majority of the principal rodenticides were applied in autumn and winter (33 percent each). Rodenticides applied around buildings accounted for 63 percent of the total weight of bait applied. By weight, 39 percent of the principal active substances were purchased as ready-to-use baits and farmers applied 82 percent of the total weight of the principal active substances used. The number of farms using rodenticides has risen since 1996, with 86 percent of all farms using one or more rodenticides during the year. The corresponding figures had been 78 percent in 1996, 79 percent in 1994 and 74 percent in 1992. The percentage of rodenticides applied around buildings had increased from 37 percent in 1996 to 59 percent of the total weight of bait applied in 1998 with a corresponding reduction in the use of rodenticides inside buildings
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Advisory Committee on Pesticides Annual Report 2001

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