Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology

494 J. Han
TABLE 27.14. List of pathogens amplified and detected by
the Encephalitis I system.
Pathogen Targeted gene Target symbol
Dengue type 1 envelope Den1
Dengue type 2 envelope Den2
Dengue type 3 envelope Den3
Dengue type 4 envelope Den4
Coxsackie viruses & echovirus 5 ′ UTR CVEV
Rhinoviruses 5 ′ UTR RhV
Herpes simplex virus 1 UL5 HSV1
Herpes simplex virus 2 UL5 HSV2
Japanese encephalitis virus NS JE
West Nile virus NS WN
Tables 27.16 and 27.17 display the pathogen list and some sample data. DNA
samples were extracted from ATCC strains.
Molecular Differential Diagnostic System for TB
Drug-Resistance Mutations
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tuberculosis affects 7.5 million
people and kills as many as 2.5 million people each year, making TB the
leading cause of death by an infectious disease. TB is extremely prevalent among
people with AIDS. According to the WHO, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects
33% of the entire human population. Approximately 10% of newly identified cases
have resistance to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug. The statistics for previously
treated cases indicate that the average occurrence of resistance toward at least one
drug is 18%, with some areas, such as Kazakhstan, presenting drug resistance in
as many as 82% of its cases. Quick diagnosis of TB infection and identification of
drug resistance is essential for disease control and treatment.
TABLE 27.15. Detection results of the Encephalitis I system.
No. Sample Den1 Den2 Den3 Den4 CVEV RhV HSV1 HSV2 JE WN
1 Dengue 1 674 18 32 19 23 29 13 20 21 27
2 Dengue 2 23 1048 22 20 19 28 30 13 17 25
3 Dengue 3 9 26 687 30 25 11 13 18 16 36
4 Dengue 4 27 18 35 907 27 22 33 27 23 27
5 Echovirus 30 24 17 37 20 3125 23 24 23 12 54
6 Rhinovirus 11 4 27 16 12 1766 8 21 15 36
7 HSV1 31 35 33 29 30 27 958 49 23 31
8 HSV2 21 30 23 19 41 26 33 970 19 28
9 JE 32 20 33 32 26 31 30 26 605 41
10 RT-PCR blank 18 9 27 27 16 20 16 28 29 33
Cutoff 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250