Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology

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538 Index Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (cont.) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 150–151 reversed CAMP test, 94 slide coagulase test, 86 Spa typing, 271–272 vancomycin susceptibility, 77–78 See also Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agglutination methods, 75 carrier resevoirs, 411–412 carrier-screening, 412 clinical relevance, 411–412 colonization sites, 412 community-acquired, 151, 411, 455 CPT assay, 223–224 culture based identification methods, 414–415 disk diffusion methods, 75 employee screening, 456 eocnomic impact, 411 heterogeneity, 74, 448 hybridization technologies, 418–419 immuno-PCR assay, 417 infection control guidelines, 411 MDDs, 495–499 MLST, 453 molecular detection methods, 514–515 molecular epidemiology, 412–414 molecular identification methods, 415–418 oxacillin, 75, 217–219 PCR, 75 pencillin-binding proteins, 74–75 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 151, 453 strain typing, 448, 452, 452–453, 457 susceptibility testing, 76 Staphylococcus hyicus, 86 Staphylococcus intermedius, 86 Staphylococcus lugdunensis, 75, 86 Staphylococcus scheiferi, 86 Staphylococcus sciuri, 87 STDs. See sexually transmitted diseases Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 64 strain typing clinical applications, 452–461 colonization, 455–456 community-aquired organisms, 455–456 data interpretation, 451 environmental monitoring, 457–459 epidemiology, 513 laboratory contamination, 459–460 probiotics, 460 recurrence, 455–456 reinfection, 455–456 repetitive sequence-based PCR, 444–471 source tracking of pathogen spread, 452–455 surveillance for potential infecitons, 457 technology comparisons, 448–452, 449 strand displacement amplification (SDA) amplification specificity, 479 anchored, 200 Chlamydia trachomatis, 360 microarray analysis, 198, 200 mutation detection, 199 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 357 RCR technologies, 191 real-time, 199–200 SNPs, 199 target amplification systems, 158–160, 184 Streptococci alpha-hemolytic, 5 blood cultures, 5, 7 D-test, 76–77 inducibile clindamycin resistance, 76–77 ITS regions, 269 nutritionally variant, 4 PNA probes, 140 pyrosequencing, 272 susceptibility testing, 64, 71 vancomycin disk test, 91 Streptococci group A (GAS), 93 probes, 136 rapid antigen tests, 31, 32 Streptococci Group B CAMP test, 93 probes, 137 rapid antigen tests, 32 Streptococci Group D, 94 Streptococcus agalactia hippurate hydrolysis test, 89 probes, 137 real-time PCR, 298 Streptococcus pneumoniae bile solubility test, 87 multplex flow cytometric immunoassays, 432–433 probes, 137 rapid antigen tests, 31, 32 real-time PCR, 298 susceptibility testing, 71 Taxo P disks, 93 Streptococcus pyogenes, probes, 137 syphilis. See Treponema pallidium
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Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic M
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Yi-Wei Tang Molecular Infectious Di
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vi Contributors Wonder Drake Depart
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viii Contributors Jacques Schrenzel
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Preface Clinical microbiologists ar
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Contents Part I Techniques 1 Automa
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Contents xv 22 Review of Molecular
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1 Automated Blood Cultures XIANG Y.
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Interpretation of Significance 1. A
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1. Automated Blood Cultures 7 conta
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1. Automated Blood Cultures 9 Crump
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2 Urea Breath Tests for Detection o
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2. Urea Breath Tests 13 and point o
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2. Urea Breath Tests 15 Other detec
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TABLE 2.1. Comparison of 13 C-urea
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2. Urea Breath Tests 19 Bazzoli, F.
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2. Urea Breath Tests 21 Logan, R. (
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3 Rapid Antigen Tests SHELDON CAMPB
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 25 antigen i
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 27 either on
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 29 and moves
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 31 Applicati
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Fungi Cryptococcus Agglutination, E
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Adenovirus, enteric types 40,41 EIA
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 37 Antigen t
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 39 retains a
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3. Rapid Antigen Tests 41 Wilhelmi,
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 43 D
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TABLE 4.1. Types of antibody detect
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 47 c
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 49 U
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 51 a
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 53 a
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 55 H
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 57 r
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 59 A
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4. Advanced Antibody Detection 61 M
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5 Phenotypic Testing of Bacterial A
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5. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tes
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Susceptibility Tests for Fastidious
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References 5. Antimicrobial Suscept
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6. Biochemical Profile-Based Microb
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7 Rapid Bacterial Characterization
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 119 photons followe
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 121 for analysis by
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 123 Sample wells Ca
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 125 also given. Thi
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 127 characteristics
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References 7. MALDI-TOF MS 129 Ande
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 131 Hindre, T., Did
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7. MALDI-TOF MS 133 von Wintzingero
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8. Probe-Based Microbial Detection
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9 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis
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9. Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis
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PFGE Performance Characteristics 9.
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TABLE 10.1. Nucleic acid amplificat
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10. In Vitro Nucleic Acid Amplifica
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11. PCR and Its Variations 167 Prin
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11. PCR and Its Variations 169 Exte
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11. PCR and Its Variations 171 targ
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11. PCR and Its Variations 173 bind
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11. PCR and Its Variations 175 Reve
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11. PCR and Its Variations 177 ampl
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11. PCR and Its Variations 179 pres
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11. PCR and Its Variations 181 Soft
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11. PCR and Its Variations 183 Saik
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 185 1989;
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 187 FIGUR
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 189 This
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 191 FIGUR
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 193 and c
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 195 used
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 197 do no
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Application of the SDA Technique Re
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 201 Ancho
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 203 Baner
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 205 Guilf
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 207 Nilss
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12. Non-PCR Amplification 209 Wang,
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13. Recent Advances in Probe Amplif
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14. Signal Amplification Techniques
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TABLE 14.1. Comparison of bDNA and
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References 14. Signal Amplification
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15 Detection and Characterization o
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15. Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, So
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16. Direct Nucleotide Sequencing 26
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17. Microarrays for Microbial Chara
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18 Diagnostic Microbiology Using Re
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TABLE 18.1. Comparison of four fluo
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18. Real-Time PCR Based on FRET 295
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19. Amplification Product Inactivat
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TABLE 19.1. Comparison of inactivat
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20 Bacterial Identification Based o
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20. Analysis of 16S rRNA Gene Seque
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21 Molecular Techniques for Blood a
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Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (Anti-H
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Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa System
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21. Blood and Blood Product Screeni
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22 Review of Molecular Techniques f
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22. Molecular Techniques for STDs D
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Traditional Diagnostic Methods 22.
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References 22. Molecular Techniques
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23 Advances in the Diagnosis of Myc
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23. Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tube
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Immunodiagnostic Methods 23. Diagno
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24 Rapid Screening and Identificati
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24. Rapid Screening and Identificat
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25 Bead-Based Flow Cytometric Assay
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A. Test 488-635 nm 680 nm Analyte o
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25. Bead-Based Flow Cytometric Assa
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 445 tha
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 447 FIG
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TABLE 26.1. Comparison of strain-ty
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 451 Som
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 453 and
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 455 pat
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Surveillance for Potential Infectio
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 459 the
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 461 of
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 463 Cow
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 465 Hea
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 467 May
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 469 Shu
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26. Molecular Strain Typing 471 Ver
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27. Molecular Differential Diagnose
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TABLE 27.11. Detection results of t
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TABLE 27.13. Detection of 25 HPV ty
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TABLE 27.16. List of pathogens iden
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TABLE 27.19. Results of the TB drug
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TABLE 27.21. Example data for the G
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28 Pathogen Detection in the Genomi
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28. Pathogen Detection in the Genom
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Cephid Smart Cycler 1600 16/run www
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Page 1070: 526 Index B Babesia, 16S rRNA, 328
Page 1074: 528 Index Dot Blot hybridization, 3
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Page 1082: 532 Index LCR. See ligase chain rea
Page 1086: 534 Index Mycobacterium tuberculosi
Page 1090: 536 Index pulsed-field gel electrop
Page 1096: Index 539 T TaqMan probes, 293-296
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