Research Journal of Economics & Business Studies - RJEBS - The ...

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During the last season red onion farm gate price disparity ranged from Rs.40 to Rs.340. Simply this alone stands as an evidence for the existence of poor market arrangement in Jaffna peninsula. Local farmers are finding difficulty in predicting the future market prices which may help them to make a decision on choosing a particular marketing channel and to perform the storage function. Choice of a marketing channel plays a vital role in determining the producer margins. Availability of market information and the right choice of a marketing channel are crucial in deciding the producer margins. Hence it is important to identify the factors which have been influencing the farmers’ decision in choosing the marketing channels. Therefore this research has taken effort to identify the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the red onion farmers influencing the choice of marketing channel in Jaffna district, Sri Lanka. Therefore the research has defined its objectives in the following manner: How far the socio economic characters such as age of the farmer, gender, educational level of farmer, cropped land area and crop income influence the choice of a marketing channel. How far the market infrastructures such as frequency of selling, information about the market price, number of market information sources, preference for contract arrangement, availability of own storage facilities, buyer terminate business, own a mobile phone and access to extension services have been influencing the farmers choice of a marketing channel. How far the investment decisions such as Investment during last season and investment for the future season influence the choice of a marketing channel. Materials and Methods In Jaffna approximately 145,000 families are doing farming as their livelihood (DOAE,2010/2009). The total population of the district is around 600,000. Agriculture and fisheries have been the principal economic activities of the district. Over 60 percent of the work force in the district depends on agriculture for their livelihood (DS,2010). Agriculture in the district contributes substantially to the GNP of the country. The agriculture sector, including crop and livestock has contributed around 65 percent of the total gross domestic product of the district. In terms of production, major cash crops like chilli, onion, tobacco, potato and banana are produced in large extent to meet the substantial portion of the local requirement. Total extent of high land available for cultivation is 7,851 ha (DS,2010). The study covered entire Jaffna district and the samples were selected by using purposive random sampling technique. The total red onion farmers list was obtained from the department of agricultural extension and then the respondents were selected randomly excluding two extremes of those who are cultivating below 1 lachcham and above 20 lachchams. A structured questionnaire was prepared and pretested prior to the data collection. Total sample size was 200, which was representing the 10 percentage of the total commercial red onion producers in the district. The compiled data were analyzed within the frame work of multinomial logit regression model by using the econometric software STATA version 10. Here marketing channel1(Directly performing retailing) was considered as a base channel for the analysis. Assuming the hederoscedastisity problem the outliers were removed from the sample. www.theinternationaljournal.org > RJEBS: Volume: 02, Number: 06, April-2013 Page 46
Table : Variable label and expected signs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Variable Label Variable name Chnl1 Chnl2 Chnl3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ AGE Age of the farmer - + - GEN Gender EDU Education level of farmer + - + FRE Frequency of selling + + - MARKTP Information about the market price + + + MKTINFO Number of Market information sources - - + BTBUSS Buyer terminate business + - + INLAST Invested during last year INFUTURE Invested for future year - - + OWNMOB Own a mobile phone - - + PERCON Preference for contract arrangement - + - OWNSTOR Availability of own storage facilities - - + CRPIN Crop income - + + CRPLAND Cropping land area - + + EXT Access to extension service - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Model Equation Ln (p 1 /1-p 1 ) = β 0 + β 1 AGE + β 2 DGEN + β 3 EDU+ β 4 FRE + β 5 DMARKTP + β 6 MKTINFO + β 7 DBTBUSS + β 8 DINLAST + β 9 DINFUTURE + β 10 DOWNMOB + β 11 DPERCON + β 12 DOWNSTOR + β 13 CRPIN + β 14 CRPLAND + β 15 DEXT + Ut Here, AGE-age of the farmer, GEN-gender, EDU-educational level of farmer, FRE-frequency of selling, MARKTP-information about the market price, MKTINFO-number of market information sources, BTBUSS-buyer terminate business, OWNSTOR-availability of own storage facilities, OWNMOB-own a mobile phone, INLAST-investment during last season, INFUTURE-investment for the future season, PERCON-preference for contract arrangement, CRPIN-crop income CRPLANDcropped land area, and EXT-access to extension services. Among these three explanatory variables namely MKTINFO, PERCON and EXT were dropped from the model in order to overcome the dummy variable trap and the collinearity problem. Multinomial regression for market channel choice. Number of obs = 191 LR chi2(24) = 35.74 Prob > chi2 = 0.0004 Log likelihood = -79.725758 Pseudo R2 = 57.06 www.theinternationaljournal.org > RJEBS: Volume: 02, Number: 06, April-2013 Page 47
Page 2 and 3: Table of Contents Articles PERFORMA
Page 4 and 5: servicing, and the policies not mee
Page 6 and 7: The Self-Help Group members get inc
Page 8 and 9: Are female workers more productive
Page 10 and 11: For the purpose of including explan
Page 12 and 13: several different, competing logist
Page 14 and 15: Fisher, R.T. (2001), “Role stress
Page 16 and 17: A Comparative Study of NPA of State
Page 18 and 19: processes. Instead of fixing target
Page 20 and 21: Agriculture Crisis and Sustainable
Page 22 and 23: Table 1. World Cereal production ,
Page 24 and 25: Expanding biofuel production The ex
Page 26 and 27: percent of the world’s population
Page 28 and 29: OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-
Page 30 and 31: It can provide the earnings needed
Page 32 and 33: The incubator will also work toward
Page 34 and 35: factor. This is not an easy proposi
Page 36 and 37: ROLE OF LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT IN LE
Page 40 and 41: Table Mch2 Coef. Std. Err Z P>/Z/ A
Page 42 and 43: lack of capital. The local farmer o
Page 44 and 45: It may be seen that alleviation of
Page 46 and 47: Table - 2 Progress under Bharat Nir
Page 48 and 49: References Chandrasekhar, B P., et
Page 50 and 51: existing cooperative legislation, r
Page 52 and 53: 1.3 THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What
Page 54 and 55: Table 2: Earnings and Cost Allocati
Page 56 and 57: have an adequate amount of capital
Page 58 and 59: programs and the union was doing on
Page 60 and 61: total assets to other key areas, it
Page 62 and 63: esponded by (7.6%) of the members.
Page 64 and 65: management; Gohe cooperatives savin
Page 66 and 67: Significance of asset quality of St
Page 68 and 69: iii) iv) Doubtful Assets:- a) Doubt
Page 70 and 71: atios and solvency ratios are taken
Page 72 and 73: Ratio of around 3% during 2007-08,
Page 74 and 75: sufficient to draw an inference in
Page 76 and 77: The observed R 2 and F statistics m
Page 78 and 79: Board Composition, Ownership Struct
Page 80 and 81: size as well. During our study it w
Page 82 and 83: standards prevailing in the country
Page 84 and 85: The procedure produces two tests of
Page 86 and 87: hoc test for pair wise comparisons
Page 88 and 89:
e said that the board size affects
Page 90 and 91:
high-tech small and medium-sized en
Page 92 and 93:
Table no.8 - Multiple Comparisons T
Page 94 and 95:
Abstract Corporate Social Responsib
Page 96 and 97:
the participation of various level
Page 98 and 99:
Supplier Relations As stakeholders
Page 100 and 101:
CSR initiatives of companies should
Page 102 and 103:
Corporate Social Responsibility Pra
Page 104 and 105:
2011, this district received surplu
Page 106 and 107:
In the case of marginal farmers and
Page 108 and 109:
Findings From the above analysis it
Page 110 and 111:
2. Innovation: Meaning and Dimensio
Page 112 and 113:
data appropriately. Inferences were
Page 114 and 115:
The regression analyses as shown in
Page 116 and 117:
Role of Self-help Group in Socio-ec
Page 118 and 119:
10% for women and men respectively
Page 120 and 121:
MoRD has been constantly reviewing
Page 122 and 123:
76.6% units were found to be existi
Page 124 and 125:
10.Timely release of adequate loans
Page 126 and 127:
Standard of living of Rural Fisher
Page 128 and 129:
Table 1 denotes the infrastructure
Page 130 and 131:
FISHING METHODS USED BY DIFFERENT A
Page 132 and 133:
CONCLUSION Most of the fisher folk
Page 134 and 135:
Objectives: The following objective
Page 136 and 137:
Policies of the Government will hav
Page 138 and 139:
Wastage Schedule (Onion) Sl.No. Pri
Page 140 and 141:
At the end of 2008 the entire world
Page 142:
Conclusion: 9. The inflation can be
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