29.09.2015 Views

Engineering Geology

Engineering Geology - geomuseu

Engineering Geology - geomuseu

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS
  • No tags were found...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

E n g i n e e r i n g G e o l o g y<br />

Figure 3.28<br />

Terminal moraine, Tasman Glacier, South Island, New Zealand.<br />

a curved outline impressed upon them by the lobate nature of the snout of the ice. They are<br />

usually discontinuous, being interrupted where streams of melt water issue from the glacier.<br />

Frequently, a series of terminal moraines may be found traversing a valley, the farthest downvalley<br />

marking the point of maximum extension of the ice, the others indicating pauses in<br />

glacial retreat. The latter types are called recessional moraines.<br />

Ground moraines and terminal moraines are the two principal types of moraines deposited<br />

by ice sheets that spread over lowland areas. In lowland areas, the terminal moraines of ice<br />

sheets may rise to heights of some 60 m. In plan, they commonly form a series of crescents,<br />

each crescent corresponding to a lobe at the snout of the ice. If copious amounts of melt<br />

water drain from the ice front, then morainic material is washed away, and hence a terminal<br />

moraine either does not develop, or if it does, is of inconspicuous dimension.<br />

Fluvio-Glacial Deposits; Stratified Drift<br />

Stratified deposits of drift often are subdivided into two categories, namely, those deposits<br />

that accumulate beyond the limits of the ice, forming in streams, lakes or seas, and those<br />

deposits that develop in contact with the ice. The former types are referred to as pro-glacial<br />

deposits, and the latter are termed ice-contact deposits.<br />

120

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!