Blurred Borders - International Community Foundation

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Amy Carstensen: Ms. Carstensen is Program Officer at ICF where she oversees ICF’s programs and grantmaking in the U.S.-Mexico border region with an emphasis on education. Carstensen is coordinating ICF’s Las Californias Youth Fellowship Program for high achieving high school students of Mexican descent from San Diego and Tijuana. A graduate of UCSD’s Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies (IR/PS) where she was awarded the Wyman Award for outstanding leadership, Ms. Carstensen brings a diverse background to ICF with experience working overseas in Chile, Australia, Mexico and Czechoslovakia. Fluent in Spanish, Amy also has over five years experience teaching high school Spanish and English as a Second Language in Northern California. viii
Executive Summary Over the years, the border has divided the people of San Diego County and Tijuana over language, culture, national security, public safety and a host of other cross-border issues ranging from human migration to the environment. For some, the ‘us’ versus ‘them’ mentality has become more pervasive following the tragedy of September 11, 2001, with a growing number of San Diegans focusing greater attention on terrorism and homeland security, as well as the need to re-think immigration policy in the United States as a means of fortifying the international border. This is validated by a recent KPBS/Competitive Edge research poll that found 46% of English-speaking San Diegans desiring that the U.S. impose tighter restrictions on the border. Yet the question remains: if San Diegans and Tijuana are so different, why is our shared port of entry the most busily crossed international border in the world with over 56 million crossings a year? The answer is simple. Opposites attract. The contrasts and complementarities between San Diego and Tijuana are so powerful that residents, as well as visiting tourists and business people, endure post-9/11 traffic and pedestrian delays to cross the border for work, school, cultural enrichment, maintaining family ties or sheer economic necessity. Irrespective of how “secure” the border ultimately does become, the fact remains that the border between San Diego County and Tijuana is increasingly becoming blurred as the impacts of globalization and human migration obscure political boundaries. The ties that bind this binational sister city region in the areas of cross-border trade, commerce, and tourism are indisputable, and their combined comparative advantages have contributed to job creation and economic opportunity, as well as increased cultural and ethnic diversity for local people and businesses. Throughout the San Diego-Tijuana border region there are multiple issues that require proactive binational solutions, greater investment and expanded cross-border civic participation by the private, public and non-profit sectors. San Diego and Tijuana are also inextricably tied through inter-personal and family ties with a growing number of San Diegans relying on Tijuana for affordable housing and cost-effective prescription medicine and health care. Blurred Borders highlights the contrasts, the inter-connections and the challenges that San Diego County, Tijuana, and adjoining counties share, addressing the range of community-based issues. Of particular interest is how the proximity of the border impacts the lives and livelihoods of poor and under-served communities in both San Diego County and Tijuana, as well as what can be done to address their growing needs. Validating the growing importance of the border to both San Diego and Tijuana, Blurred Borders presents the findings of an unprecedented binational, bilingual survey of San Diego and Tijuana residents undertaken by Cross Border Business Associates (CBA) demonstrating the many shared and common interests that exist between residents of both communities. In particular, the survey found that the three top issues of importance to residents of both San Diego and Tijuana were education and schools, health care, and jobs and the economy. In spite of these shared public sentiments, few collaborative programs exist in these areas. ix
Page 1 and 2: Blurred Borders: Trans-Boundary Imp
Page 3 and 4: Tijuana-San Diego Non-Profit Organi
Page 5 and 6: Dedication Blurred Borders is dedic
Page 7: About the Editors Richard Kiy: Kiy
Page 11 and 12: prosperity and long-term competitiv
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER I WHY THE BORDER MATTERS
Page 15 and 16: While Tijuana’s economic impact t
Page 17 and 18: Table 2: San Diego County’s Hispa
Page 19 and 20: Table 4: Impressions of Tijuana by
Page 21 and 22: immigration, including ineffectual
Page 23 and 24: in 2005; and 390,000 to 439,000 in
Page 25 and 26: implementing such a system at the b
Page 27 and 28: Among the principal aims of this re
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER II DEFINING THE BORDER AND
Page 31 and 32: Jobs alone will not keep San Diego
Page 33 and 34: For those cross-border residents th
Page 35 and 36: Table 7: San Diego Matriculas (1995
Page 37 and 38: Table 9: Selected Demographic Chara
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER III THE CASE FOR INCREASED
Page 41 and 42: few binational fiber optic networks
Page 44 and 45: Income disparity, both between and
Page 46 and 47: Thankfully, there is a growing cons
Page 48 and 49: Identifying San Diego-Tijuana's Sha
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER IV PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE:
Page 53 and 54: (December 2003). 94 A used home’s
Page 55 and 56: However, for many, securing a place
Page 57 and 58: areas away from San Diego’s cente
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Securing Water Supply: An Imperativ
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esidents change their energy use pa
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Regional Workbench Consortium The R
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CHAPTER V EDUCATION - ISSUES AND OP
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Ysidro Elementary School District,
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Almost 95% of secondary schools in
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example is the Binational Migrant E
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and possess a strong commitment to
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Additionally, gaps between ethnic g
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in the business world on both sides
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CHAPTER VI ENVIRONMENT—BETTER COL
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Mexico and U.S. sources into a prot
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wildlife habitat. Furthermore, othe
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projects related to air quality and
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Fisheries management is a global ch
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The project’s potential environme
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corporations, academic institutions
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Environmental Education Environment
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There are, however, unresolved envi
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What is still lacking are strong re
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public and private partnerships) wo
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Medical care in Mexico is attractiv
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per 100,000. 247 By ethnicity, Afri
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Gastro-Intestinal Diseases Intestin
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Undocumented migrant workers are es
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Hispanics represent 30% of the Cali
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County for their migrant farm worke
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Pharmaceuticals It is estimated tha
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declined over the last two decades
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collection and re-distribution) and
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Other efforts to promote community
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options have put increased pressure
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arrests in the Hispanic population
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strengthening the coalition. Among
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• Prisoner re-entry program in Ti
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The level of cultural exchange betw
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About the Mexico/United States Bord
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the innovative work undertaken by t
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given the post-9/11 heightened conc
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26.2 million visitors spending in e
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Cross-Border Institutional Ties Nee
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the border region necessitate takin
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• Expand the level of elder and y
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Comisión Estatal de Servicios Púb
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Morales, Rebecca. 2001. “Educatin
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Appendix A: Crossborder Business As
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population as being native to the c
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in Mexico reported having visiting
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� First, that a majority of both
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Table 1H San Diego Survey Results -
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1. Tijuana Results 3 Neutral 3 0.7%
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contrast is the difference in ranki
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conduct surveys at the sites. Based
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(especially for the Central San Die
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Table 2D: Crosstab - Purpose & Freq
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Appendix B LISTING OF MIGRANT-SERVI
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Escondido Community Child Developme
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TIJUANA-SAN DIEGO NON-PROFIT ORGANI
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Patronato Escuela para Padres de Ba
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EDUCATION (continued) AGENCY ADDRES
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ENVIRONMENT (continued) AGENCY ADDR
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Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (continue
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Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE: URBAN & RE
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B-29 border to enhance trade and co
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Appendix C: San Diego andTijuana At
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Definitions Canasta Basica: Defined
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Blurred Borders - International Community Foundation

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