The Survivors Speak

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Bibliography The endnotes of this report often commence with the abbreviation trc, followed by one of the following abbreviations: asagr, avs, car, irssa, nra, rbs, and lacar. The documents so cited are located in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s database. At the end of each of these endnotes, in square brackets, is the document identification number for each of these documents. The following is a brief description of each database. Active and Semi-Active Government Records (asagr) Database: The Active and Semi-Active Government Records database contains active and semi-active records collected from federal governmental departments that potentially intersected with the administration and management of the residential school system. Documents that were relevant to the history and/or legacy of the system were disclosed to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (trc) in keeping with the federal government’s obligations in relation to the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (irssa). Some of the other federal government departments included, but were not limited to, the Department of Justice, Health Canada, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and National Defence. Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada undertook the responsibility of centrally collecting and producing the records from these other federal departments to the trc. Audio/Video Statement (avs) Database: The Audio/Video Statement database contains video and audio statements provided to the trc at community hearings and regional and national events held by the trc, as well as at other special events attended by the trc. Church Archival Records (car) Database: The Church Archival Records database contains records collected from the different church/religious entities that were involved in administration and management of residential schools. The church/religious entities primarily included, but were not limited to, entities associated with the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Church of Canada, the Presbyterian Church in Canada, and the United Church of Canada. The records were collected as part of the trc’s mandate, as set out in the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, to “identify sources and create as complete an historical record as possible of the irs system and legacy.” Indian Residential Schools School Authority (irssa) Database: The Indian Residential Schools School Authority database is comprised of individual records related to each residential school, as set out by the irssa. National Research and Analysis (nra) Database: The National Research and Analysis database contains records collected by the National Research and Analysis Directorate, Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, formerly Indian Residential Schools Resolution Canada (irsrc). The records in the database were originally collected for the purpose of research into a variety of allegations, such as abuse in residential schools, and primarily resulted from court processes such as civil and criminal litigation, and later the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (irssa), as well as from outof-court processes such as Alternative Dispute Resolution. A majority of the records were collected from Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. The collection also contains records from other federal departments and religious entities. In the case of some records in the database that were provided by outside entities, the information in the database is incomplete. In those instances, the endnotes in the report reads, “No document location, no document file source.”
206 • Truth & Reconciliation Commission Red, Black and School Series (rbs) Database: The Red, Black and School Series database contains records provided by Library and Archives Canada to the trc. These three sub-series contain records that were originally part of the “Headquarters Central Registry System,” or records management system, for departments that preceded the current federal department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada. The archival records are currently related to the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development fonds and are held as part of Library and Archives Canada’s collection. Library and Archives Canada Archival Records (lacar) Container and Document Databases The lac Records Container and Document databases contain records collected from Library and Archives Canada (lacar). The archival records of federal governmental departments that potentially intersected with the administration and management of Indian Residential Schools were held as part of Library and Archives Canada’s collection. Documents that were relevant to the history and/or legacy of the Indian Residential School system were initially collected by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, in conjunction with Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, as part of their mandate, as set out in the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement. The collection of records was later continued by Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, based on the federal government’s obligation to disclose documents in relation to the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. Truth and Reconciliation Commission Databases National Research and Analysis Database: nra Audio/Video Statement Database: avs Books Haig-Brown, Celia. Resistance and Renewal: Surviving the Indian Residential School. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press, 1988. Marks, Don. They Call Me Chief: Warriors on Ice. Winnipeg: J. Gordon Shillingford, 2008. Robinson, Laura. Frontrunners = Niigaanibatowaad: a play in two acts. Port Elgin: Brucedale Press, 2008. Book Chapters and Journal Articles Bruyere, Patrick. “Introduction” to Frontrunners = Niigaanibatowaad: a play in two acts, by Laura Robinson. Port Elgin: Brucedale Press, 2008, 4–5. Lewis, Ruth. “The Psychological Approach to the Preschool Stutterer.” Canadian Medical Association Journal 60, 5 (May 1949): 497–500. Mandryk, Murray. “Uneasy Neighbours: White-Aboriginal relations and Agricultural Decline.” In Writing Off the Rural West: Globalization, Governments and the Transformation of Rural Communities, edited by Roger Epp and Dave Whitson. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press with the Parkland Institute, 2001: 205–221.
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The Survivors Speak A Report of the
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A place of refuge “They’d be in
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Language and culture “How am I go
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Language and culture • 49 told he
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Language and culture • 51 mind an
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Language and culture • 55 Robert
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Language and culture • 57 learned
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Bedwetting “Shame on you.” The
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Bedwetting • 61 got back to the s
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Daily life “We were programmed.
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Daily life • 65 was done with a w
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Daily life • 67 Martha Minoose re
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Chores “We were like slaves.” B
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Chores • 81 Emily Kematch said on
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Chores • 83 lift the window like
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Regimentation “Only the devil wri
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Discipline “I saw violence for th
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Discipline • 141 Joanne Morrison
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Discipline • 143 my ear so hard.
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Discipline • 145 When, when somet
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Discipline • 147 So, all the boys
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Discipline • 149 stood there and
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Discipline • 151 I never saw him,
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Page 194 and 195: Medical attention • 179 I don’t
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The Survivors Speak

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