Global Change Abstracts The Swiss Contribution - SCNAT

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74 changes from baseline records cannot be separated reliably from background noise. A procedure is described that satisfies these requirements and can provide consistent data for Europe, to support a range of policy initiatives and scientific projects. The methodology is based on classical plant life forms, used in biogeography since the nineteenth century, and on their statistical correlation with the primary environmental gradient. Further categories can therefore be identified for other continents to assist large scale comparisons and modelling. The model has been validated statistically and the recording procedure tested in the field throughout Europe. A total of 130 General Habitat Categories (GHCs) is defined. These are enhanced by recording environmental, site and management qualifiers to enable flexible database interrogation. The same categories are applied to areal, linear and point features to assist recording and subsequent interpretation at the landscape level. The distribution and change of landscape ecological parameters, such as connectivity and fragmentation, can then be derived and their significance interpreted. Landscape Ecology, 2008, V23, N1, JAN, pp 11-25. 08.1-98 Three objectives of historical ecology: the case of litter collecting in Central European forests Bürgi M, Gimmi U Switzerland Plant Sciences , Ecology , Forestry , History Most ecosystems and landscapes worldwide are dominated or influenced by human impacts. Consequently, studies of pattern and processes of and within anthropogenic ecosystems and cultural landscapes have to consider human impacts and their historical development adequately. Three major objectives of historical ecology, i.e., the study of human impacts on ecosystems and landscapes over time, can be distinguished: (a) preserving cultural heritage in ecosystems and landscapes, (b) understanding historical trajectories of pattern and processes in ecosystems and landscapes, and (c) informing ecosystem and landscape management. In this paper, the application of these three major objectives of historical ecology is illustrated with a case study on litter collecting-a largely forgotten traditional forest use in Central Europe. Historical analyses do not allow-and should not be misused- to directly deduct management goals, as goals need to be set based on present needs and demands. Still, information on reference condition is relevant in the process of defining goals. Once specific goals are set, historical ecology may advise on how to Global Change Abstracts – The Swiss Contribution | Terrestrial Ecosystems best achieve and maintain desirable pattern and processes in ecosystems or landscape. Landscape Ecology, 2007, V22, S1, pp 77-87. 08.1-99 Response to ozone of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings under competition, in an opentop chamber experiment. A chlorophyll fluorescence analysis Bussotti F, Cascio C, Strasser R Italy, Switzerland Plant Sciences , Forestry , Ecology Photosynthesis Research, 2007, V91, N2-3, FEB- MAR, p 319. 08.1-100 Comparative typology in six european lowintensity systems of grassland management Caballero R, Riseth J A, Labba N, Tyran E, Musial W, Motik E, Boltshauser A, Hofstetter P, Gueydon A, Roeder N, Hoffmann H, Moreira M B, Coelho Inockdo S, Brito O, Gil A Spain, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Germany, Portugal Agriculture, Soil Sciences , Ecology , Biodiversity , Zoology Advances in Agronomy Vol 96, 2007, V96, pp 351-420. 08.1-101 Identification of priority areas for plant conservation in Madagascar using Red List criteria: rare and threatened Pandanaceae indicate sites in need of protection Callmander M W, Schatz G E, Lowry P P Ii, Laivao M O, Raharimampionona J, Andriambololonera S, Raminosoa T, Consiglio T K USA, Switzerland, Madagascar, France Biodiversity , Plant Sciences , Ecology , Forestry A major problem in establishing effective protocols for conserving Madagascar’s biodiversity is the lack of reliable information for the identification of priority sites in need of protection. Analyses of field data and information from herbarium collections for members of the Plant family Pandanaceae (85 spp. of Pandanus; 6 spp. of Martellidendron) showed how risk of extinction assessments can inform conservation planning. Application of IUCN Red List categories and criteria showed that 91% of the species are threatened. Mapping occurrence revealed centres of richness and rarity as well as gaps in Madagascar’s existing protected area network. Protection of 10 additional sites would be required to encompass the 19 species currently lacking representation in the reserve network, within which east coast littoral
Global Change Abstracts – The Swiss Contribution | Terrestrial Ecosystems 75 forests are particularly under represented and important. The effect of scale on assessments of risk of extinction was explored by applying different grid cell sizes to estimate area of occupancy. Using a grid cell size within the range suggested by IUCN overestimates threatened status if based solely upon specimen data. For poorly inventoried countries such as Madagascar measures of range size based on such data should be complemented with field observations to determine population size, sensitivity to disturbance, and specific threats to habitat and therefore potential population decline. The analysis of such data can make an important contribution to the conservation planning process by identifying threatened species and revealing the highest priority sites for their conservation. Oryx, 2007, V41, N2, APR, pp 168-176. 08.1-102 Heavy metal contamination in the semiarid area of Cartagena-La Union (SE Spain) and its implications for revegetation Conesa H M, Faz A, Garcia G, Arnaldos R Spain, Switzerland Plant Sciences , Agriculture, Soil Sciences , Toxicology , Geochemistry & Geophysics , Ecology In this study a mine tailing located near La Union town (SE Spain) was investigated in order to establish lines for further phytostabilization works. A plot sampling design was carried out in order to characterize the soil properties and natural occurring vegetation. The tailing is strongly eroded and vegetation on its surface is scarce. Total heavy metal concentrations were 1800 mg kg (-1) for Pb and Zn, and 180 mg kg(-1) for Cu. The pH was less than 4 and consequently, water extractable metals (14% of the total Zn) and electrical conductivity (>15 dS m(-1)) were high. Nutrient properties were poor (
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