Hacking_and_Penetration_Testing_with_Low_Power_Devices

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Penetration testing with a single beagle 105 command sudo iwconfig txpower . Every 3 dBm reduction in power will halve the transmit power. If you are sniffing traffic, there is no reason not to drop transmit power to the minimum. The wireless adapter can also be switched off when not in use. The command sudo ifconfig down will shut down the wireless adapter. Turning the adapter back on is accomplished by running sudo ifconfig up. Note that if you are connected to a wireless network (vs. simply sniffing), you may have to rerun wpa_supplicant and dhclient3 if applicable. These utilities are discussed in greater detail later in this chapter. The power-saving measures discussed so far have no impact on performance. Further power savings can be realized by shutting down unused chips on the board programmatically and by reducing the CPU clock speed. Sending I2C commands to chips on the BeagleBone Black is a bit complicated and could also lead to a less robust drone. Resulting power savings are not likely to be substantial. For these reasons, I would recommend against messing with the onboard chips. CPU governors allow the clock speed to be throttled up and down based on load. The standard governors are conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, and performance. The command sudo cpufreq-set -g will change the CPU governor in effect. The ondemand governor is a good choice as it will change the CPU speed depending on system load. Using the ondemand governor may allow run times to be extended if your Beagles spend any significant time idling. PENETRATION TESTING WITH A SINGLE BEAGLE Now that we have a full-featured Linux and a way to power our Beagles, it is time to work through a penetration test with a single Beagle. More advanced penetration tests involving multiple devices will be covered later in this book. This first scenario involves a small financial planning company, Phil’s Financial Enterprises (PFE) LLC. PFE has a small office in a strip mall. The employees primarily work from tablets connected to a wireless network. The company also has some Windows and Linux servers. The server machines are used to purchase commodities, stocks, and other investments. PFE’s auditors have tried to hard sell them on security services including a penetration test, but the company has opted to hire you instead. Your test equipment consists of a lunchbox edition of a BeagleBone Black running The Deck, an Alfa AWUS036H wireless adapter with 9 dB omnidirectional and 15 dB unidirectional antennas, wireless keyboard/mouse, and a cigarette lighter power adapter. Test equipment is shown in Figure 5.6. You plan to conduct the penetration test from a minivan with tinted windows. The strip mall has sufficient activity and parking to allow parking your minivan around the corner from PFE for an extended period not to arouse suspicion. You plan on leaving the van throughout the day in order to take care of food and other biological needs.
106 CHAPTER 5 Powering The Deck FIGURE 5.6 Small lunchbox pentest system. The lunchbox computer, power supply, Alfa wireless adapter, and 9 dB omnidirectional and 15 dB unidirectional antennas are shown on a piano bench for scale. GETTING ON THE WIRELESS Before anything can be accomplished, you need to get on the PFE network. The first step is to create a monitoring interface on the wireless adapter as shown in Figure 5.7. The iwconfig command is used to verify the name of the wireless adapter, which will most likely be wlan0 as in this case. The command airmon-ng start wlan0 creates a monitor-mode interface. If it is the first such interface, the new interface will be mon0. FIGURE 5.7 Setting up a wireless monitoring interface.
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Hacking and Penetration Testing wit
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Hacking and Penetration Testing wit
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Dedicated to my favorite wife, my f
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Contents Foreword..................
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Contents ix Network Hubs and Switch
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Foreword So I will start out this f
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Author Biography Dr. Philip Polstra
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Acknowledgments First and foremost,
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CHAPTER Meet the deck 1 INFORMATION
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The deck 3 FIGURE 1.1 Collection of
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The deck 5 FIGURE 1.4 Fern WiFi Cra
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The deck 7 MODES OF OPERATION One o
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The deck 9 stores data only on a lo
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Summary 11 I knew that The Deck, wh
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CHAPTER Meet the beagles 2 INFORMAT
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Texas instruments devices 15 FIGURE
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Texas instruments devices 17 proces
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Texas instruments devices 21 The AD
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Texas instruments devices 23 WHY NO
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CHAPTER Installing a base operating
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Introduction 29 FIGURE 3.2 QNX smar
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Introduction 31 FIGURE 3.4 Android
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Introduction 33 (http://openembedde
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Introduction 35 FIGURE 3.6 Arch Lin
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Introduction 37 Sabayon In the phys
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Introduction 39 Table 3.7 Fedora Pe
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Introduction 41 tar xJf debian*.xz
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Ubuntu options 43 supportive commun
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Creating a microSD Card 45 Device t
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Chapter 3 Appendix: digging deeper
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Page 72 and 73: CHAPTER Filling the toolbox 4 INFOR
Page 74 and 75: Adding a graphical environment 57 b
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Page 80 and 81: Adding tools the easy way 63 The li
Page 82 and 83: Adding tools the easy way 65 check_
Page 84 and 85: Adding tools the easy way 67 echo -
Page 86 and 87: Adding tools the hard way 69 # chec
Page 88 and 89: Adding tools the hard way 71 descri
Page 90 and 91: Adding tools the hard way 73 FIGURE
Page 102 and 103: Adding tools the hard way 85 dl_src
Page 104 and 105: Starter set of tools 87 and possibl
Page 106 and 107: Starter set of tools 89 #get John w
Page 108 and 109: Starter set of tools 91 The company
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER Powering The Deck 5 INFORMA
Page 112 and 113: Power requirements 95 the city and
Page 114 and 115: Power sources 97 WALL POWER When it
Page 116 and 117: Power sources 99 Thanks to commonly
Page 118 and 119: Power sources 101 Table 5.2 Duracel
Page 120 and 121: Reducing power consumption 103 REDU
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Page 138 and 139: Summary 121 site. In-depth testing
Page 140 and 141: CHAPTER Input and output devices 6
Page 142 and 143: Display options 125 FIGURE 6.1 LCD7
Page 144 and 145: IEEE 802.11 wireless 127 The Alfa A
Page 146 and 147: BeagleBone capes 129 FIGURE 6.4 UAR
Page 148 and 149: BeagleBone capes 131 pull-up resist
Page 150 and 151: BeagleBone capes 133 FIGURE 6.7 XBe
Page 152 and 153: BeagleBone capes 135 Newly created
Page 154 and 155: BeagleBone capes 137 Table 6.1 Cape
Page 156 and 157: BeagleBone capes 139 If you don’t
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Page 170 and 171: Summary 153 if "done" in status.ite
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CHAPTER Building an army of devices
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Using IEEE 802.15.4 networking 157
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Configuring IEEE 802.15.4 modems 15
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Remote control the easy way 167 FIG
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Remote control via python 169 seria
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Remote control via python 171 impor
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Remote control via python 173 elif
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Remote control via python 175 dnum
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Remote control via python 177 rc_na
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Remote control via python 179 The M
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Remote control via python 181 } [ "
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Remote control via python 183 Merel
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Saving power 185 on the modem. The
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Adding security 187 a different cha
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Expanding Your Reach 189 FIGURE 7.1
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Penetration testing with multiple d
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Summary 203 # if IP and MAC aren’
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CHAPTER Keeping your army secret 8
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Hiding devices 207 FIGURE 8.2 At fi
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Hiding devices 209 FIGURE 8.4 Car d
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Hiding devices 211 FIGURE 8.7 Wirel
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Hiding devices 213 FIGURE 8.11 Unde
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Hiding devices 215 FIGURE 8.14 Unde
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FIGURE 8.17 Inside the Dalek Desk D
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FIGURE 8.21 The haxtar. The haxtar
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Installing devices 221 example, wea
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CHAPTER Adding air support 9 INFORM
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Building the AirDeck 225 Latte is s
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Building the AirDeck 227 what you a
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Using your aerial drone 229 Power i
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Using your aerial drone 231 Install
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Alternative aircraft 233 else { //
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CHAPTER Future directions 10 INFORM
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Closing thoughts 237 For reasons me
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Index Note: Page numbers followed b
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Index 241 configuration, 77-79, 83f
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Index 243 Python scripts, 143-144 w
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