Hacking_and_Penetration_Testing_with_Low_Power_Devices

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Introduction 31 FIGURE 3.4 Android running on the BeagleBone Black with Chipsee touch screen. Android is based on a Linux kernel. Many commands are shared between Android and Linux as a result. Without further ado, let us move on to discuss the many Linux options available to us when using the BeagleBoard.org devices. A BeagleBone Black with a Chipsee touch screen running Android is shown in Figure 3.4. Linux OPTIONS Not surprisingly, several versions of the Linux, the most popular open-source operating system, are available for the open hardware in the Beagle family. Linux is billed as an operating system by programmers for programmers. Linux has a reputation for extracting the most performance out of hardware, especially when it comes to lowerend or older hardware. That is not to say that it isn’t great for high-end hardware as well. While Windows users have only recently stopped running everything in 32-bit compatibility mode, Linux users have had a 64-bit operating system available to them since 2001. In fact, a 64-bit Linux kernel was available two years before AMD released the first processors based on the AMD64 architecture. You might be surprised to discover how many devices you use secretly run Linux. Many networking devices run Linux. Special versions of Linux (such as OpenWrt) have been created specifically to replace the Linux that ships with a commercial device. Smart televisions and other modern appliances have been known to run Linux. No other operating system can match Linux’s long list of supported platforms. Linux is also a clear winner among hackers. A large number of security tools are available on Linux. Tools that are available on multiple platforms are primarily
32 CHAPTER 3 Installing a base operating system written for Linux first and then ported to other operating systems. The collaborative open-source environment lends itself to the development of necessary security tools, such as full-featured wireless drivers that support monitor mode and packet injection. Linux affords the user many choices. A plethora of shells are available. Users are free to chose from a collection of windowing environments or can forgo a GUI altogether. Multiple programs that perform common tasks, such as editing text files, are available to support users’ preferences. A˚ngstr€om When you hear the word Ångstr€om, you probably think of the unit of measurement (10 10 m). Ångstr€oms are used to describe the wavelength (color) of light and the size of small things such as atoms and molecules. The Ångstr€om Distribution is also an obscure Linux distribution used in embedded systems (http://angstrom-distribu tion.org). The developers of this Linux flavor make a point of saying that it is to be called the Ångstr€om Distribution and not Ångstr€om Linux. The Ångstr€om Distribution’s attributes are summarized in Table 3.1. Ångstr€om has shipped with every BeagleBoard.org device starting with the original BeagleBoard and continuing through the BeagleBone Black (as of this writing, it was just announced that future boards may ship with Debian Linux). This is not surprising given the background of the BeagleBoard designer and what was available for the ARM-based devices in 2008 when the original BeagleBoard debuted. The majority of Linux desktops users are likely unfamiliar with Ångstr€om. While Ångstr€om ships with all the Beagles, we’ll briefly cover the process of building Ångstr€om to give you a better feel for this Linux flavor. Software (including operating systems) for embedded systems is often built on more powerful desktop systems. This process is known as cross compiling (more about this in the next chapter). The biggest reason to do this is that many embedded devices lack the computing horsepower to build software in a reasonable amount of time. Ångstr€om is built using the OpenEmbedded software framework Table 3.1 Ångstr€om Distribution Performance Package manager Desktop application repository support Hacking application repository support Community support Configuration Comments Good—built to optimize the Beagles opkg (similar to dpkg on Debian) Fair Poor—intended for embedded Linux Fair—small community running this distribution Nonstandard tools are used Comes with the Beagles but is likely completely foreign to most users
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Page 6 and 7: Dedicated to my favorite wife, my f
Page 8 and 9: Contents Foreword..................
Page 10 and 11: Contents ix Network Hubs and Switch
Page 12 and 13: Foreword So I will start out this f
Page 14 and 15: Author Biography Dr. Philip Polstra
Page 16 and 17: Acknowledgments First and foremost,
Page 18 and 19: CHAPTER Meet the deck 1 INFORMATION
Page 20 and 21: The deck 3 FIGURE 1.1 Collection of
Page 22 and 23: The deck 5 FIGURE 1.4 Fern WiFi Cra
Page 24 and 25: The deck 7 MODES OF OPERATION One o
Page 26 and 27: The deck 9 stores data only on a lo
Page 28 and 29: Summary 11 I knew that The Deck, wh
Page 30 and 31: CHAPTER Meet the beagles 2 INFORMAT
Page 32 and 33: Texas instruments devices 15 FIGURE
Page 34 and 35: Texas instruments devices 17 proces
Page 38 and 39: Texas instruments devices 21 The AD
Page 40 and 41: Texas instruments devices 23 WHY NO
Page 44 and 45: CHAPTER Installing a base operating
Page 46 and 47: Introduction 29 FIGURE 3.2 QNX smar
Page 50 and 51: Introduction 33 (http://openembedde
Page 52 and 53: Introduction 35 FIGURE 3.6 Arch Lin
Page 54 and 55: Introduction 37 Sabayon In the phys
Page 56 and 57: Introduction 39 Table 3.7 Fedora Pe
Page 58 and 59: Introduction 41 tar xJf debian*.xz
Page 60 and 61: Ubuntu options 43 supportive commun
Page 62 and 63: Creating a microSD Card 45 Device t
Page 64 and 65: Chapter 3 Appendix: digging deeper
Page 72 and 73: CHAPTER Filling the toolbox 4 INFOR
Page 74 and 75: Adding a graphical environment 57 b
Page 76 and 77: Adding a graphical environment 59 W
Page 78 and 79: Adding a graphical environment 61 t
Page 80 and 81: Adding tools the easy way 63 The li
Page 82 and 83: Adding tools the easy way 65 check_
Page 84 and 85: Adding tools the easy way 67 echo -
Page 86 and 87: Adding tools the hard way 69 # chec
Page 88 and 89: Adding tools the hard way 71 descri
Page 90 and 91: Adding tools the hard way 73 FIGURE
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Adding tools the hard way 81 FIGURE
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Adding tools the hard way 83 FIGURE
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Adding tools the hard way 85 dl_src
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Starter set of tools 87 and possibl
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Starter set of tools 89 #get John w
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Starter set of tools 91 The company
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CHAPTER Powering The Deck 5 INFORMA
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Power requirements 95 the city and
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Power sources 97 WALL POWER When it
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Power sources 99 Thanks to commonly
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Power sources 101 Table 5.2 Duracel
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Reducing power consumption 103 REDU
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Penetration testing with a single b
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Summary 121 site. In-depth testing
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CHAPTER Input and output devices 6
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Display options 125 FIGURE 6.1 LCD7
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IEEE 802.11 wireless 127 The Alfa A
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BeagleBone capes 129 FIGURE 6.4 UAR
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BeagleBone capes 131 pull-up resist
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BeagleBone capes 133 FIGURE 6.7 XBe
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BeagleBone capes 135 Newly created
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BeagleBone capes 137 Table 6.1 Cape
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BeagleBone capes 139 If you don’t
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Penetration testing with a single r
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Summary 153 if "done" in status.ite
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CHAPTER Building an army of devices
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Using IEEE 802.15.4 networking 157
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Configuring IEEE 802.15.4 modems 15
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Remote control the easy way 167 FIG
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Remote control via python 169 seria
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Remote control via python 171 impor
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Remote control via python 173 elif
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Remote control via python 175 dnum
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Remote control via python 177 rc_na
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Remote control via python 179 The M
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Remote control via python 181 } [ "
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Remote control via python 183 Merel
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Saving power 185 on the modem. The
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Adding security 187 a different cha
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Expanding Your Reach 189 FIGURE 7.1
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Penetration testing with multiple d
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Summary 203 # if IP and MAC aren’
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CHAPTER Keeping your army secret 8
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Hiding devices 207 FIGURE 8.2 At fi
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Hiding devices 209 FIGURE 8.4 Car d
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Hiding devices 211 FIGURE 8.7 Wirel
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Hiding devices 213 FIGURE 8.11 Unde
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Hiding devices 215 FIGURE 8.14 Unde
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FIGURE 8.17 Inside the Dalek Desk D
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FIGURE 8.21 The haxtar. The haxtar
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Installing devices 221 example, wea
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CHAPTER Adding air support 9 INFORM
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Building the AirDeck 225 Latte is s
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Building the AirDeck 227 what you a
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Using your aerial drone 229 Power i
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Using your aerial drone 231 Install
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Alternative aircraft 233 else { //
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CHAPTER Future directions 10 INFORM
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Closing thoughts 237 For reasons me
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Index Note: Page numbers followed b
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Index 241 configuration, 77-79, 83f
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Index 243 Python scripts, 143-144 w
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