Hacking_and_Penetration_Testing_with_Low_Power_Devices

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Configuring IEEE 802.15.4 modems 159 A single coordinator exists in every network. This coordinator defines the network and performs various administrative tasks such as assigning addresses. If the network uses encryption, the coordinator is responsible for informing other nodes of the details. An XBee Series 2 modem operating as a coordinator must have the coordinator firmware uploaded. For obvious reasons, a coordinator must be on all the time. A router is used to extend the range of a network by relaying packets for nodes that are too far apart to communicate directly with each other. There is no limit on the number of routers in any network. Routers are not permitted to sleep. If a router receives traffic bound for a sleeping node, it will keep the traffic (for a while at least) to send when the destination rejoins the network. An XBee Series 2 modem operating as a router must have the router firmware uploaded. In any sizable network, the majority of nodes will be end devices. End devices must have a parent device that is either a router or a coordinator. When traffic for an end device is received by the parent (coordinator or router) and the end device is sleeping, the parent stores the packets. Unlike coordinators and routers, end devices may save power by sleeping. An XBee Series 2 modem operating as an end device must have the end device firmware uploaded. Many different network topologies are possible with ZigBee devices. For our purposes in this book, we will stick to a star networks (which can be implemented with Series 1 modems) and cluster trees. A cluster tree network consists of the coordinator and one or more routers that form a backbone of sorts with end devices hung off of the router and coordinator nodes. Because the coordinator must always be on and is responsible for forming the network, it makes the most sense to make the command console node the coordinator. An XBee-PRO Series 2 modem loaded with coordinator firmware should be used by the command console. Hacking drones can utilize the low-power XBee Series 2 modems loaded with end device firmware in order to save power. One or more XBee- PRO Series 2 modems loaded with the router firmware should be installed in the network in appropriate places to relay traffic to and from drones and the command console. The routers can be stand-alone (not connected to a BeagleBone) in order to save power. An XBee-PRO Series 2 modem operating as a router must always be on. On a busy network, it will draw 295 mA at 3.3 V. A simple battery power pack can be created for these routers using an LD1117v33 voltage regulator (3.3 V equivalent of the 7805 we used earlier) and three or more 1.5 V batteries. Three or four D cell batteries should be able to power a stand-alone router for about two days. CONFIGURING IEEE 802.15.4 MODEMS Before they can be used, XBee modems must be configured. Digi provides a free program, X-CTU, which can be used to configure their XBee modems. Up until recently, only a Windows version of X-CTU was available. A Mac OSX version
160 CHAPTER 7 Building an army of devices FIGURE 7.1 X-CTU 6.1 for Windows. of X-CTU was recently released. While there is no Linux version of X-CTU, it is easily run from within a virtual machine running Windows XP. A screenshot of the latest version of X-CTU for Windows is shown in Figure 7.1. For users that want a native Linux application, moltosenso Network Manager IRON (available from http://www.moltosenso.com/client/fe/browser.php?pc¼/cli ent/fe/download.php) is an alternative to X-CTU. The IRON edition of moltosenso Network Manager is available for free. moltosenso claims this edition is equivalent to X-CTU. Other non-free versions of moltosenso Network Manager are also available. We will use X-CTU in this book. In order to configure an XBee modem, first, place it in an USB adapter. Alternatively, if you have the XBee cape described in the previous chapter and a 3.3 V FTDI cable, the modem can be programmed on the cape. If you are programming a modem attached to the XBee cape, it is recommended that you unplug it from the BeagleBone first. If you are running X-CTU in a virtual machine using Virtual- Box or similar, make sure you configure the virtual machine to recognize the XBee modem that will appear as an FTDI FT232R USB UART. Attached XBee modems can be discovered by clicking on the discover icon in the upper left of the X-CTU window. This icon is the one with the magnifying glass on an XBee module. This will bring up the screen shown in Figure 7.2. If no serial port appears, it indicates that your XBee modem has not been recognized. If you are
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Hacking and Penetration Testing wit
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Hacking and Penetration Testing wit
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Dedicated to my favorite wife, my f
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Contents Foreword..................
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Contents ix Network Hubs and Switch
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Foreword So I will start out this f
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Author Biography Dr. Philip Polstra
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Acknowledgments First and foremost,
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CHAPTER Meet the deck 1 INFORMATION
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The deck 3 FIGURE 1.1 Collection of
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The deck 5 FIGURE 1.4 Fern WiFi Cra
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The deck 7 MODES OF OPERATION One o
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The deck 9 stores data only on a lo
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Summary 11 I knew that The Deck, wh
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CHAPTER Meet the beagles 2 INFORMAT
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Texas instruments devices 15 FIGURE
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Texas instruments devices 17 proces
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Texas instruments devices 21 The AD
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Texas instruments devices 23 WHY NO
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CHAPTER Installing a base operating
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Introduction 29 FIGURE 3.2 QNX smar
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Introduction 31 FIGURE 3.4 Android
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Introduction 33 (http://openembedde
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Introduction 35 FIGURE 3.6 Arch Lin
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Introduction 37 Sabayon In the phys
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Introduction 39 Table 3.7 Fedora Pe
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Introduction 41 tar xJf debian*.xz
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Ubuntu options 43 supportive commun
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Creating a microSD Card 45 Device t
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Chapter 3 Appendix: digging deeper
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CHAPTER Filling the toolbox 4 INFOR
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Adding a graphical environment 57 b
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Adding a graphical environment 59 W
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Adding a graphical environment 61 t
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Adding tools the easy way 63 The li
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Adding tools the easy way 65 check_
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Adding tools the easy way 67 echo -
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Adding tools the hard way 69 # chec
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Adding tools the hard way 71 descri
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Adding tools the hard way 73 FIGURE
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Adding tools the hard way 85 dl_src
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Starter set of tools 87 and possibl
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Starter set of tools 89 #get John w
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Starter set of tools 91 The company
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CHAPTER Powering The Deck 5 INFORMA
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Power requirements 95 the city and
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Power sources 97 WALL POWER When it
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Power sources 99 Thanks to commonly
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Power sources 101 Table 5.2 Duracel
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Reducing power consumption 103 REDU
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Penetration testing with a single b
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Penetration testing with a single b
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Page 138 and 139: Summary 121 site. In-depth testing
Page 140 and 141: CHAPTER Input and output devices 6
Page 142 and 143: Display options 125 FIGURE 6.1 LCD7
Page 144 and 145: IEEE 802.11 wireless 127 The Alfa A
Page 146 and 147: BeagleBone capes 129 FIGURE 6.4 UAR
Page 148 and 149: BeagleBone capes 131 pull-up resist
Page 150 and 151: BeagleBone capes 133 FIGURE 6.7 XBe
Page 152 and 153: BeagleBone capes 135 Newly created
Page 154 and 155: BeagleBone capes 137 Table 6.1 Cape
Page 156 and 157: BeagleBone capes 139 If you don’t
Page 158 and 159: Penetration testing with a single r
Page 170 and 171: Summary 153 if "done" in status.ite
Page 172 and 173: CHAPTER Building an army of devices
Page 174 and 175: Using IEEE 802.15.4 networking 157
Page 178 and 179: Configuring IEEE 802.15.4 modems 16
Page 184 and 185: Remote control the easy way 167 FIG
Page 186 and 187: Remote control via python 169 seria
Page 188 and 189: Remote control via python 171 impor
Page 190 and 191: Remote control via python 173 elif
Page 192 and 193: Remote control via python 175 dnum
Page 194 and 195: Remote control via python 177 rc_na
Page 196 and 197: Remote control via python 179 The M
Page 198 and 199: Remote control via python 181 } [ "
Page 200 and 201: Remote control via python 183 Merel
Page 202 and 203: Saving power 185 on the modem. The
Page 204 and 205: Adding security 187 a different cha
Page 206 and 207: Expanding Your Reach 189 FIGURE 7.1
Page 208 and 209: Penetration testing with multiple d
Page 220 and 221: Summary 203 # if IP and MAC aren’
Page 222 and 223: CHAPTER Keeping your army secret 8
Page 224 and 225: Hiding devices 207 FIGURE 8.2 At fi
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Hiding devices 209 FIGURE 8.4 Car d
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Hiding devices 211 FIGURE 8.7 Wirel
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Hiding devices 213 FIGURE 8.11 Unde
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Hiding devices 215 FIGURE 8.14 Unde
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FIGURE 8.17 Inside the Dalek Desk D
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FIGURE 8.21 The haxtar. The haxtar
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Installing devices 221 example, wea
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CHAPTER Adding air support 9 INFORM
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Building the AirDeck 225 Latte is s
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Building the AirDeck 227 what you a
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Using your aerial drone 229 Power i
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Using your aerial drone 231 Install
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Alternative aircraft 233 else { //
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CHAPTER Future directions 10 INFORM
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Closing thoughts 237 For reasons me
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Index Note: Page numbers followed b
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Index 241 configuration, 77-79, 83f
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Index 243 Python scripts, 143-144 w
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