Local/Regional Economic Development in South ... - Value Chains

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100 GTZ (2003): Kommunale Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Kooperationsbeziehungen zwischen deutschen Städten und Kommunen in Entwicklungsländern und Transformationsstaaten. GTZ (2003): Kommunale Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Ansätze und Erfahrungen anderer bi- und multilateraler Geber. Studien zu den Niederlanden, Großbritannien, Dänemark und der Europäischen Union. GTZ (2005): Kommunale Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Ein Leitfaden zur Gestaltung von Kooperationsbeziehungen zwischen Kommunen und der deutschen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Rat der Gemeinden und Regionen Europas (2004): Ratgeber Kommunaler Entwicklungszusammenarbeit – Hintergrundinformationen und praktische Tipps zu Auslandseinsätzen. Straßheim, Holger (2002): Wissensgenerierung und Wissenstransfer in Netzwerken der lokalen Beschäftigungspolitik, WZB Discussion Paper FS II 02-204. Links www.eine-welt-bw.de Baden-Württemberg: good examples of one-world work; international municipal contacts www.kommunalpartnerschaften-bw.de Baden-Württemberg Association of Municipalities for Municipal Partnerships www.rgre.de German Section of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions www.partnerschaftsinitiative.de Partnership Initiative South-East Asia www.service-eine-welt.de Publications on municipal development cooperation www.twinnings.org Point of contact for European/non-European municipalities www.urbanet.de Network of municipal and city development projects assisted by the GTZ Contacts Axel Mayer, GTZ OE 3113 axel.mayer@gtz.de Elke Breckner, GTZ OE 3113 Georgia elke.breckner@gtz.de
5.5 Urban Development and Green Area Management in Albania’s Capital City Tirana Sokol Celo, Martina Craemer-Möller, Lucie Gumbrecht Introduction Tirana is one of Europe’s fastest growing cities. It is therefore not surprising that the living conditions for the population are continually worsening: high traffic volume with long traffic jams, emission of pollutants and noise pollution, an overloaded sewage system whenever there is heavy precipitation, burning of household wastes, uncontrolled building in many open spaces, deterioration and disappearance of threatened inner-city green areas – the city is in danger of sinking into chaos. The turnaround came with the election of the present mayor: From the beginning, he demonstrated the political will to put an end to this development. Obvious examples include the removal of many small stands of street vendors, kiosks, and wildly proliferating restaurants, more barracks than building; the rehabilitation of the river, which was still an open sewer two years ago, and of the neighboring city area. At present, the mayor is energetically implementing the planning concept for the city center, with the support of the German side. As part of this, he is concerned to preserve the existing green areas, which, in part because of illegal land grabs and lack of maintenance, constitute a special city development problem; he wants to turn them into local recreational areas for the population and to renovate them in order to improve the cityscape and the urban climate. Project implementation In 2003, the city of Tirana, with the support of GTZ, which offered advisory services on urban development in Tirana on behalf of the German Government, held an international competition for preparing an urban development plan of the city center. With the help of expertise from the urban planning office of Frankfurt, which has experience in the organization of urban development competitions, the city of Tirana was able to professionally prepare and implement the competition. Organizational and technical advice was offered to the urban planners by a GTZ-commissioned architect, who helped draw up the terms of reference and ensured that internationally accepted procedures and rules for such competitions were applied. The competition attracted a great deal of national and international attention. As a follow-up measure, the city administration of Tirana, in conjunction with the international Berlage Institute for Architecture and Urban Planning and Albanian students, and with the support of GTZ, held a summer school in 2004. The tasks set were derived from the urban development plan and contained, at the expressed wish of the city administration of Tirana, the development of a concept for the two most important parks and local recreational areas of Tirana. The summer school achieved good results and attracted a great deal of public attention, so that the lord mayor and the city administration decided to institutionalize it as an annual event. They intended to thereby facilitate regular international exchange of expertise between the city administration, Albanian and foreign students, and international experts, at the same time, guiding and pushing urban planning, implementation, and development in the right direction. Every May, the results are made available to the public in a richly illustrated document. Several of the Albanian students who participated in the first summer school in 2004 are now employed in the city administration. With their active support in a working group, a five-week summer school was again implemented in 2005. The concept for the Tirana Central Park, prepared in 2004, has already been implemented. With the participation of the Berlage Institute and with GTZ support, a planning concept for Tirana’s largest local recreational area, the Great Lake Park, was to be developed and the details for implementation worked out in the 2005 summer school. In the framework of pilot measures, several areas of the park have already been replanted. With the introduction of a “green tax” (1 Euro per person per year), the city committed itself to continue to care for and maintain the parks. Corresponding guidelines for park management are now being worked out by the project. Measures to raise environmental awareness among the population or ecological education must then be instituted in further steps (brochures, sponsorships, planting initiatives on certain days such as Children’s Day, incorporation of the private sector, garden shows, etc.). Objective and impact With implementation of the results of the international urban development competition in Tirana, new – transparent and legal – standards were set for urban development planning and binding decisions were made for Tirana. Both are important for the image of the capital city, also with respect to the sought accession to the EU. The results of the subsequent summer schools – focused on the area of inner-city parks – are set out in a Park Regulatory Plan (legal definition of boundaries/potential land 101
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Division 311 South-Eastern Europe,
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Preface Promoting region-specific d
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.12 On the Path to a Learning Socie
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IHK Chamber of Commerce and Industr
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1 Einführung Introduction 9
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12 tively than working in isolation
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1 1.2 Local/Regional Economic Devel
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16 Local/regional economic developm
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The EU Context for 2 Das EU-Umfeld
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22 As was found within the EU, the
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2 The primary reasons for the posit
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26 GTZ also supports regional devel
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28 ern European partner countries G
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3.1 Slovenia - Strengthening the Ma
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3.2 Local/Regional Economic Develop
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Structure formation: If possible, L
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is the Regional Assembly, whose 84
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3. Commercial Land Management - the
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The SEE municipalities and regions
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3.5 Cluster Formation in Austria -
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oom in the automotive sector, the S
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fore it was essential to provide cl
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150 7. Transnational Exchange of Po
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152 and flexibility is of lesser im
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15 Lessons learned • Detailed and
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156 ordinated with important mediat
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158 further and bring in other SEE
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160 that could have provided advice
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162 Recommended reading MAP - Maced
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16 and employment demands is the fo
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166 InWEnt program (2): “Regional
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168 Specific approach Together with
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170 Development of skills and stand
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172 promotion (PACA in Serbia, loca
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17 Branimir Mirtschev, business man
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