Internal-Medicine
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Questions: 22–39 263<br />
31. Which of the following statements concerning<br />
the relative effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine<br />
infusion on peripheral circulation is<br />
correct?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
both drugs increase total peripheral<br />
resistance<br />
neither drug increases total peripheral<br />
resistance<br />
neither drug increases renal blood flow<br />
both drugs increase cutaneous blood flow<br />
both drugs increase muscle blood flow<br />
32. Which of the following statements concerning<br />
the use of isoproterenol and dobutamine for<br />
shock is correct?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
isoproterenol is preferred because of its<br />
short half-life<br />
neither drug will potentiate cardiac<br />
ischemia<br />
dobutamine has a more prominent<br />
inotropic effect than chronotropic effect<br />
compared with isoproterenol<br />
neither drug affects smooth muscle<br />
isoproterenol raises blood pressure more<br />
than dobutamine<br />
33. Which of the following is the most likely reason<br />
why beta2-selective adrenergic agonists are<br />
preferred to nonselective beta-adrenergic agonists<br />
in the treatment of asthma?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
relax bronchial smooth muscle and thus<br />
decrease airway resistance<br />
improve mucociliary function<br />
suppress the release of leukotrienes and<br />
histamine from mast cells in lung<br />
decrease microvascular permeability<br />
have fewer side effects<br />
34. Which of the following statements concerning<br />
innate tolerance to alcohol is correct?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
it develops over many years of even<br />
moderate drinking<br />
high levels of innate tolerance protect<br />
against the development of alcoholism<br />
this is likely a result of polygenic<br />
inheritance<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
pharmacokinetic factors are not involved<br />
it is not a factor in the development of<br />
alcoholism<br />
35. Which of the following is the most likely reason<br />
for pharmacokinetic tolerance?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
changes in absorption<br />
changes in distribution<br />
changes specific to that drug<br />
changes in metabolism<br />
renal adaptation<br />
36. Which of the following is an example of<br />
learned tolerance?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
avoiding alcohol when feeling unsteady<br />
drinking alcohol only with food<br />
walking a straight line when intoxicated<br />
not driving when drunk<br />
using vitamins to prevent alcohol damage<br />
37. Which of the following best describes sensitization<br />
to a drug?<br />
(A) an allergic response<br />
(B) a purely behavioral effect<br />
(C) a shift to the right of a dose response<br />
curve<br />
(D) reverse tolerance<br />
(E) a response to an acute binge<br />
38. The administration of which of the following<br />
drugs is most likely to result in sensitization?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
heroin<br />
cocaine<br />
tobacco<br />
alcohol<br />
diazepam<br />
39. Which of the following drugs is most likely to<br />
result in addiction among those who have ever<br />
used it?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
alcohol<br />
tobacco<br />
cocaine<br />
heroin<br />
cannabis
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