Internal-Medicine
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Questions: 6–20 277<br />
13. A patient with human immunodeficiency virus<br />
(HIV) infection has progressed to developing<br />
AIDS (clinical category C). Which of the following<br />
conditions is considered an AIDSdefining<br />
illness?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
antibodies to HIV<br />
palpable lymphadenopathy<br />
Kaposi sarcoma<br />
oral candidiasis (thrush)<br />
herpes zoster (shingles)<br />
14. Which of the following is more characteristic of<br />
ulcerative colitis when compared to Crohn’s<br />
disease (regional enteritis)?<br />
17. Which of the following is most characteristic of<br />
calcitonin?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
it increases bone resorption<br />
it decreases renal calcium clearance<br />
it is produced by hepatocytes<br />
it raises blood phosphate<br />
it binds to osteoclasts<br />
18. Following a severe sore throat, a 15-year-old<br />
boy feels unwell. He has had pain and swelling<br />
in his elbows and knees, and cardiac examination<br />
reveals new mitral regurgitation and<br />
tachycardia. Which of the following might also<br />
be seen on further examination?<br />
(A)<br />
segmental involvement<br />
(A)<br />
chronic arthritis<br />
(B)<br />
granulomas<br />
(B)<br />
involvement of spinal joints<br />
(C)<br />
lymph node involvement<br />
(C)<br />
subcutaneous nodules<br />
(D)<br />
rectal bleeding<br />
(D)<br />
erythema nodosum<br />
(E)<br />
palpable abdominal mass<br />
(E)<br />
meningeal irritation<br />
15. A 28-year-old pregnant woman develops<br />
sudden onset of dyspnea and tachycardia with<br />
no other physical findings. Which of the following<br />
is the most likely diagnosis?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
pulmonary emphysema<br />
pulmonary embolism<br />
myocardial infarction<br />
ventricular tachycardia<br />
lobar pneumonia<br />
16. A 60-year-old man from a poor socioeconomic<br />
environment is admitted with an acute illness<br />
characterized by mental disturbances. On<br />
examination, he has bilateral sixth nerve palsy<br />
and an ataxic gait. Which of the following is the<br />
most appropriate treatment?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
thiamine<br />
lecithin<br />
vitamin D<br />
phenytoin<br />
diazepam<br />
19. For which of the following patients is a home<br />
total parenteral nutrition (TPN) program most<br />
likely to be useful?<br />
(A)<br />
(B)<br />
(C)<br />
(D)<br />
(E)<br />
an untreatable disease<br />
a 4-day requirement for nutrition<br />
short bowel syndrome<br />
neoplasms with bowel obstruction<br />
anorexia nervosa<br />
20. Which of the following is the most important<br />
factor in selecting a patient as a potential heart<br />
transplant recipient?<br />
(A) absence of long-standing pulmonary<br />
hypertension<br />
(B) survival on mechanical assistance<br />
devices<br />
(C) availability of a human lymphocyte<br />
antigen (HLA)-compatible donor<br />
(D) age under 20 years<br />
(E) ventricular ejection fraction
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