Introduction – 7 I count 67 verses as belonging to this category (15%): 40, 46, 49, 50, 61, 75, 77, 78, 84, 87, 88, 116, 123, 129, 130, 133, 144, 157, 158, 159, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 197, 198, 199, 210, 221, 223, 224, 231, 232, 233, 234, 236, 238, 239, 242, 243, 248, 274, 281, 282, 285, 289, 290, 302, 313, 315, 327, 328, 329, 330, 340, 343, 348, 369, 370, 371, 376, 377, 379, 380, 383, 389. There are only 13 Rhetorical verses by my reckoning, and they make up 3% of the collection. Verse 44 is an example: Kŏ imaṁ paṭhaviṁ vicessati yamalokañ-ca imaṁ sadevakaṁ? Ko dhammapadaṁ sudesitaṁ kusalo puppham-ivappacessati? Who will know this earth and the lower realm, together with the gods? Who will try to reflect on the well-taught verse of <strong>Dhamma</strong> as a good man reflects on a flower? See: vv. 44, 46, 62, 146, 179, 180, 212-216, 264, 353, 394. Similes, 1 in which otherwise unlike things are compared to drive home a point, are used in many places throughout the collection. An example is found in the last pair of lines in verse 7, which compares the ease with which Māra can overthrow the indolent to the way a weak tree is easily overthrown by the wind: Subhānupassiṁ viharantaṁ, indriyesu asaṁvutaṁ, bhojanamhi amattaññuṁ, kusītaṁ hīnavīriyaṁ – taṁ ve pasahati Māro vāto rukkhaṁ va dubbalaṁ. Contemplating what is pleasant, with sense faculties uncontrolled, not knowing the limit in food, 1 Normally signified by a comparison word such as iva, va, viya, yathā, upama and sama.
Introduction – 8 indolent, low in energy – Māra surely o’erthrows that one, like wind overthrows a weak tree. There are 89 verses employing similes (21%): 1, 2, 7, 8, 13, 14, 19, 21, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 40, 44, 45, 46, 49, 51, 52, 53, 58, 59, 64, 65, 71, 76, 81, 82, 91-95, 123, 125, 134, 135, 136, 143, 144, 149, 150, 152, 155, 156, 161, 162, 164, 170-174, 202, 208, 219, 220, 222, 235, 239, 240, 251, 252, 268, 284, 285, 287, 304, 311, 315, 320, 325, 326, 327, 329, 330, 334-338, 342, 343, 347, 377, 380, 401, 407, 413. Metaphors do not use comparison, but suggest a resemblance between otherwise disparate objects. An example can be found in verse 25, where the island is the safe haven the person who is striving hopes to make. Uṭṭhānen’ appamādena saṁyamena damena ca, dīpaṁ kay i rātha medhāvī yaṁ ogho nābhikīrati. Through activity, heedfulness, through self-control and through restraint, the sagacious make an island no flood waters can overcome. I identify 77 verses in this collection that use metaphors (18%): 25, 26, 35, 40, 46, 47, 48, 54-57, 60, 66, 69, 80, 85, 86, 103, 121, 122, 145, 147, 151, 153, 154, 160, 174, 175, 204, 205, 211, 218, 222, 235-238, 242-244, 254, 255, 262, 263, 275, 276, 282, 283, 288, 294, 295, 302, 321-323, 339-341, 344-346, 350, 351, 354, 356-359, 363, 369-371, 385, 387, 388, 414.
- Page 2 and 3: DHAMMA VERSES DHAMMAPADA Edited and
- Page 4 and 5: Introduction - 3 16: The Chapter ab
- Page 6 and 7: Introduction - 5 20,000 verses in t
- Page 10 and 11: Introduction - 9 Layout Most of th
- Page 12 and 13: Introduction - 11 Normally I take
- Page 14 and 15: Introduction - 13 metrical translat
- Page 16 and 17: 15 Yamakavaggo 1. The Chapter about
- Page 18 and 19: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 17
- Page 20 and 21: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 19
- Page 22 and 23: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 21
- Page 24 and 25: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 23
- Page 26 and 27: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 25
- Page 28 and 29: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 27
- Page 30 and 31: 1: The Chapter about the Pairs - 29
- Page 32 and 33: 2: The Chapter about Heedfulness -
- Page 34 and 35: 2: The Chapter about Heedfulness -
- Page 36 and 37: 2: The Chapter about Heedfulness -
- Page 38 and 39: 2: The Chapter about Heedfulness -
- Page 40 and 41: 2: The Chapter about Heedfulness -
- Page 42 and 43: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 41
- Page 44 and 45: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 43
- Page 46 and 47: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 45
- Page 48 and 49: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 47
- Page 50 and 51: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 49
- Page 52 and 53: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 51
- Page 54 and 55: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 53
- Page 56 and 57: 3: The Chapter about the Mind - 55
- Page 58 and 59:
3: The Chapter about the Mind - 57
- Page 60 and 61:
3: The Chapter about the Mind - 59
- Page 62 and 63:
3: The Chapter about the Mind - 61
- Page 64 and 65:
63 Bālavaggo 5. The Chapter about
- Page 66 and 67:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 65 No
- Page 68 and 69:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 67 The
- Page 70 and 71:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 69 The
- Page 72 and 73:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 71 Dee
- Page 74 and 75:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 73 The
- Page 76 and 77:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 75 Dee
- Page 78 and 79:
5: The Chapter about Fools - 77 One
- Page 80 and 81:
79 Paṇḍitavaggo 6. The Chapter
- Page 82 and 83:
6: The Chapter about the Wise - 81
- Page 84 and 85:
6: The Chapter about the Wise - 83
- Page 86 and 87:
6: The Chapter about the Wise - 85
- Page 88 and 89:
6: The Chapter about the Wise - 87
- Page 90 and 91:
6: The Chapter about the Wise - 89
- Page 92 and 93:
91 Arahantavaggo 7. The Chapter abo
- Page 94 and 95:
7: The Chapter about the Arahats -
- Page 96 and 97:
7: The Chapter about the Arahats -
- Page 98 and 99:
7: The Chapter about the Arahats -
- Page 100 and 101:
7: The Chapter about the Arahats -
- Page 102 and 103:
7: The Chapter about the Arahats -
- Page 104 and 105:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 106 and 107:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 108 and 109:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 110 and 111:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 112 and 113:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 114 and 115:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 116 and 117:
8: The Chapter about the Thousands
- Page 118 and 119:
117 Pāpavaggo 9. The Chapter about
- Page 120 and 121:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 122 and 123:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 124 and 125:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 126 and 127:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 128 and 129:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 130 and 131:
9: The Chapter about Wickedness - 1
- Page 132 and 133:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 134 and 135:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 136 and 137:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 138 and 139:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 140 and 141:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 142 and 143:
10: The Chapter about the Stick - 1
- Page 144 and 145:
11: The Chapter about Old Age - 143
- Page 146 and 147:
11: The Chapter about Old Age - 145
- Page 148 and 149:
11: The Chapter about Old Age - 147
- Page 150 and 151:
11: The Chapter about Old Age - 149
- Page 152 and 153:
11: The Chapter about Old Age - 151
- Page 154 and 155:
12: The Chapter about the Self - 15
- Page 156 and 157:
12: The Chapter about the Self - 15
- Page 158 and 159:
12: The Chapter about the Self - 15
- Page 160 and 161:
12: The Chapter about the Self - 15
- Page 162 and 163:
12: The Chapter about the Self - 16
- Page 164 and 165:
163 Lokavaggo 13. The Chapter about
- Page 166 and 167:
13: The Chapter about the World - 1
- Page 168 and 169:
13: The Chapter about the World - 1
- Page 170 and 171:
13: The Chapter about the World - 1
- Page 172 and 173:
13: The Chapter about the World - 1
- Page 174 and 175:
13: The Chapter about the World - 1
- Page 176 and 177:
175 Buddhavaggo 14. The Chapter abo
- Page 178 and 179:
14: The Chapter about the Buddha -
- Page 180 and 181:
14: The Chapter about the Buddha -
- Page 182 and 183:
14: The Chapter about the Buddha -
- Page 184 and 185:
14: The Chapter about the Buddha -
- Page 186 and 187:
14: The Chapter about the Buddha -
- Page 188 and 189:
15: The Chapter about Happiness - 1
- Page 190 and 191:
15: The Chapter about Happiness - 1
- Page 192 and 193:
15: The Chapter about Happiness - 1
- Page 194 and 195:
15: The Chapter about Happiness - 1
- Page 196 and 197:
195 Piyavaggo 16. The Chapter about
- Page 198 and 199:
16: The Chapter about Love - 197 Wh
- Page 200 and 201:
16: The Chapter about Love - 199 Wh
- Page 202 and 203:
16: The Chapter about Love - 201 Wh
- Page 204 and 205:
16: The Chapter about Love - 203 Th
- Page 206 and 207:
205 Kodhavaggo 17. The Chapter abou
- Page 208 and 209:
17: The Chapter about Anger - 207 O
- Page 210 and 211:
17: The Chapter about Anger - 209 T
- Page 212 and 213:
17: The Chapter about Anger - 211 T
- Page 214 and 215:
17: The Chapter about Anger - 213 2
- Page 216 and 217:
17: The Chapter about Anger - 215 2
- Page 218 and 219:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 217
- Page 220 and 221:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 219
- Page 222 and 223:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 221
- Page 224 and 225:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 223
- Page 226 and 227:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 225
- Page 228 and 229:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 227
- Page 230 and 231:
18: The Chapter about Stains - 229
- Page 232 and 233:
19: The Chapter about One who stand
- Page 234 and 235:
19: The Chapter about One who stand
- Page 236 and 237:
19: The Chapter about One who stand
- Page 238 and 239:
19: The Chapter about One who stand
- Page 240 and 241:
19: The Chapter about One who stand
- Page 242 and 243:
241 Maggavaggo 20. The Chapter abou
- Page 244 and 245:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 24
- Page 246 and 247:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 24
- Page 248 and 249:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 24
- Page 250 and 251:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 24
- Page 252 and 253:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 25
- Page 254 and 255:
20: The Chapter about the Path - 25
- Page 256 and 257:
21: The Miscellaneous Chapter - 255
- Page 258 and 259:
21: The Miscellaneous Chapter - 257
- Page 260 and 261:
21: The Miscellaneous Chapter - 259
- Page 262 and 263:
21: The Miscellaneous Chapter - 261
- Page 264 and 265:
21: The Miscellaneous Chapter - 263
- Page 266 and 267:
265 Nirayavaggo 22. The Chapter abo
- Page 268 and 269:
22: The Chapter about the Underworl
- Page 270 and 271:
22: The Chapter about the Underworl
- Page 272 and 273:
22: The Chapter about the Underworl
- Page 274 and 275:
22: The Chapter about the Underworl
- Page 276 and 277:
275 Nāgavaggo 23. The Chapter abou
- Page 278 and 279:
23: The Chapter about the Elephant
- Page 280 and 281:
23: The Chapter about the Elephant
- Page 282 and 283:
23: The Chapter about the Elephant
- Page 284 and 285:
23: The Chapter about the Elephant
- Page 286 and 287:
285 Taṇhāvaggo 24. The Chapter a
- Page 288 and 289:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 287
- Page 290 and 291:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 289
- Page 292 and 293:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 291
- Page 294 and 295:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 293
- Page 296 and 297:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 295
- Page 298 and 299:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 297
- Page 300 and 301:
25: The Chapter about Craving - 299
- Page 302 and 303:
301 Bhikkhuvaggo 25. The Chapter ab
- Page 304 and 305:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 306 and 307:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 308 and 309:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 310 and 311:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 312 and 313:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 314 and 315:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 316 and 317:
25: The Chapter about Monastics - 3
- Page 318 and 319:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 31
- Page 320 and 321:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 31
- Page 322 and 323:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 32
- Page 324 and 325:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 32
- Page 326 and 327:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 32
- Page 328 and 329:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 32
- Page 330 and 331:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 32
- Page 332 and 333:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 33
- Page 334 and 335:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 33
- Page 336 and 337:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 33
- Page 338 and 339:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 33
- Page 340 and 341:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 33
- Page 342 and 343:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 34
- Page 344 and 345:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 34
- Page 346 and 347:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 34
- Page 348 and 349:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 34
- Page 350 and 351:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 34
- Page 352 and 353:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 35
- Page 354 and 355:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 35
- Page 356:
26: The Chapter about Brahmins - 35