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VGB POWERTECH 5 (2021) - International Journal for Generation and Storage of Electricity and Heat

VGB PowerTech - International Journal for Generation and Storage of Electricity and Heat. Issue 5 (2021). Technical Journal of the VGB PowerTech Association. Energy is us! Nuclear power. Nuclear power plants - operation and operation experiences

VGB PowerTech - International Journal for Generation and Storage of Electricity and Heat. Issue 5 (2021).
Technical Journal of the VGB PowerTech Association. Energy is us!
Nuclear power. Nuclear power plants - operation and operation experiences

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Radioactivity calculation <strong>for</strong> retired nuclear power plant <strong>VGB</strong> PowerTech 5 l <strong>2021</strong><br />

dict <strong>and</strong> classify the amount <strong>of</strong> radioactive<br />

waste. The exact value <strong>of</strong> this parameter is<br />

unknown at this time <strong>for</strong> the retired nuclear<br />

power plant. However, in the future, this parameter<br />

would be possible to obtain by mass<br />

spectrometer through a sample; together<br />

with the operation history the radioactivity<br />

calculation would provide a reliable radioactivity<br />

distribution <strong>for</strong> decommissioning.<br />

5. Conclusion<br />

This paper proposed an activity calculation<br />

method considering a detailed plant-specific<br />

operation history; the relative power<br />

level <strong>for</strong> every month during the plant lifetime<br />

was used. To verify the method, the<br />

calculated activity results were compared<br />

with measured activity results from neutron<br />

dosimetry sensors in five surveillance<br />

capsules representing the actual irradiation<br />

environment. There is good agreement between<br />

the calculated activity <strong>and</strong> measured<br />

activity. This method can eliminate excessive<br />

conservation in calculation to prevent<br />

overestimation <strong>of</strong> worker exposure, <strong>and</strong><br />

help establish an appropriate <strong>and</strong> reasonable<br />

dismantling <strong>and</strong> disposal strategy.<br />

Reference<br />

[1] <strong>International</strong> Atomic Energy Agency, Decommissioning<br />

<strong>of</strong> Nuclear Facilities, IAEA-<br />

TECDOC-179,” IAEA, Vienna (1975).<br />

[2] <strong>International</strong> Atomic Energy Agency, Status<br />

<strong>of</strong> the Decommissioning <strong>of</strong> Nuclear Facilities<br />

around the World, IAEA-TEC-<br />

DOC-179,” IAEA, Vienna (2004).<br />

[3] <strong>International</strong> Atomic Energy Agency, Radiological<br />

Characterization <strong>of</strong> Shut Down<br />

Nuclear Reactors <strong>for</strong> Decommissioning Purposes,”<br />

Technical Reports Series No. 389,<br />

IAEA, Vienna (1998).<br />

[4] Bouhaddane, A., <strong>and</strong> Gabriel Farkas, Calculation<br />

<strong>of</strong> induced activity in the V-230 reactor,”<br />

(2013).<br />

[5] Tanaka, Ken-ichi, <strong>and</strong> Jun Ueno, Development<br />

<strong>of</strong> a reliable estimation procedure <strong>of</strong><br />

radioactivity inventory in an BWR plant due<br />

to neutron irradiation <strong>for</strong> decommissioning,”<br />

EPJ Web <strong>of</strong> Conferences, Vol. 153,<br />

EDP Sciences, 2017.<br />

[6] Schlomer, Luc, Peter-W. Philippen, <strong>and</strong><br />

Bernard Lukas, Activation calculation <strong>for</strong><br />

the dismantling <strong>and</strong> decommissioning <strong>of</strong><br />

a light water reactor using MCNPTM<br />

with ADVANTG <strong>and</strong> ORIGEN-S.” EPJ Web<br />

<strong>of</strong> Conferences, Vol. 153, EDP Sciences,<br />

2017.<br />

[7] Volmert, Ben, et al., Validation <strong>of</strong> MCNP<br />

NPP Activation Simulations <strong>for</strong> Decommissioning<br />

Studies by Analysis <strong>of</strong> NPP Neutron<br />

Activation Foil Measurement Campaigns,”<br />

EPJ Web <strong>of</strong> Conferences, Vol. 106, EDP Sciences,<br />

2016.<br />

[8] John R. Lamarsh, Introduction to Nuclear<br />

Engineering, 3rd ed. Pearson, 2001, Chapter<br />

2.<br />

[9] Westinghouse, LTR-REA-11-65, Rev. 0<br />

RAPTOR-M3G Version 2.0 User Manual”,<br />

November 3, 2011.<br />

[10] RSIC Data Library Collection DLC-185,<br />

BUGLE-96, Coupled 47 Neutron, 20<br />

Gamma-Ray Group Cross Section Library<br />

Derived from ENDF/B-VI <strong>for</strong> LWR Shielding<br />

<strong>and</strong> Pressure Vessel Dosimetry Applications,”<br />

March 1996.<br />

[11] ASTM E 523, St<strong>and</strong>ard Test Method <strong>for</strong><br />

Measuring Fast-Neutron Reaction Rates by<br />

Radiactivation <strong>of</strong> Copper”.<br />

[12] ASTM E 263, St<strong>and</strong>ard Test Method <strong>for</strong><br />

Measuring Fast-Neutron Reaction Rates by<br />

Radiactivation <strong>of</strong> Iron”.<br />

[13] ASTM E 264, St<strong>and</strong>ard Test Method <strong>for</strong><br />

Measuring Fast-Neutron Reaction Rates by<br />

Radiactivation <strong>of</strong> Nickel”.<br />

[14] ASTM E 844, St<strong>and</strong>ard Guide <strong>for</strong> Sensor Set<br />

Design <strong>and</strong> Irradiation <strong>for</strong> Reactor Surveillance,<br />

E706(IIC).<br />

[15] Westinghouse, WCAP-18124-NP-A, Revision<br />

0, Fluence Determination with RAP-<br />

TOR-M3G <strong>and</strong> FERRET,” July 2018.<br />

[16] RSICC Computer Code Collection CCC-<br />

650, DOORS 3.1, One-, Two, <strong>and</strong> Three-<br />

Dimensional Discrete Ordinates Neutron/<br />

Photon Transport Code System,” August<br />

1996.<br />

[17] Westinghouse Electric Company LLC,<br />

SORCERY User Manual,” December 2001.<br />

[18] Korea Hydro <strong>and</strong> Nuclear Power Co.,<br />

LTD, Kori Unit 1 Final Safety Analysis Report.<br />

[19] Korea Reactor Integrity Surveillance Technology,<br />

Final Report <strong>for</strong> the 6th Surveillance<br />

Test <strong>of</strong> the Reactor Pressure Vessel Material<br />

<strong>of</strong> Kori Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1, March<br />

2016. l<br />

<strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />

Water in Nuclear Power Plants with Light-Water Reactors<br />

Part 1: Pressurised-Water Reactors. Part 2: Boiling-Water Reactors.<br />

(<strong>for</strong>merly <strong>VGB</strong>-R 401)<br />

Edition 2020 – <strong>VGB</strong>-S-401-00-2020-05-EN (<strong>VGB</strong>-S-401-00-2020-05-DE, German edition)<br />

DIN A4, Print/eBook, 92 Pages, Price <strong>for</strong> <strong>VGB</strong>-Members € 180.–, <strong>for</strong> Non-Members € 270.–, + Shipping & VAT<br />

Almost half a century after publication <strong>of</strong> the first edition <strong>of</strong> a <strong>VGB</strong>-Guideline <strong>for</strong> the Water in Nuclear<br />

Power Plants with Light-Water Reactors <strong>and</strong> approx. 13 years after the third edition in 2006, the task<br />

<strong>of</strong> a renewed adaptation <strong>of</strong> the Guideline <strong>for</strong> the Water in Light-Water Reactors as <strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard arises.<br />

This <strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard shall be the common basis <strong>for</strong> the operation <strong>of</strong> the plants. It provides the framework<br />

<strong>for</strong> operating manuals or chemical manuals, but is in no way intended to replace them.<br />

The task <strong>of</strong> these manuals is, among other things, to consider plant-specific features <strong>and</strong> to make<br />

specifications that go beyond this <strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard.<br />

This <strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard describes the water-chemical specification <strong>for</strong> the safe operation <strong>of</strong> light-water<br />

reactors based on the material concept <strong>of</strong> the Siemens/KWU <strong>and</strong> comparable plants.<br />

The revision takes into account, where appropriate, the knowledge <strong>and</strong> experience gained over the<br />

last decade in the national <strong>and</strong> international environment.<br />

<strong>VGB</strong>-St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />

<strong>for</strong> the Water in Nuclear<br />

Power Plants with<br />

Light-Water Reactors<br />

Part 1: PWR<br />

Part 2: BWR<br />

(Formerly <strong>VGB</strong>-R 401)<br />

<strong>VGB</strong>-S-401-00-2020-05-EN<br />

Notice: A background paper (<strong>VGB</strong>-S-401-91-2020-05-EN) with further notes <strong>and</strong> summarised experiences will be available in July <strong>2021</strong>.<br />

* Access <strong>for</strong> eBooks (PDF files) is included in the membership fees <strong>for</strong> Ordinary Members (operators, plant owners) <strong>of</strong> <strong>VGB</strong>. www.vgb.org/vgbvs4om<br />

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