Atlantic Ave Magazine July 2023

July 7th, 1898
• A resolution is signed by President William McKinley officially
annexing Hawaii. Two years later it would be incorporated into the
U.S. as a territory and over 50 years later it would become a state.
July 9th, 1868
• The 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution is
ratified. The amendment served to define U.S. citizenship and
prevent states from limiting citizenship on a discriminatory basis.
It also barred those who partook in the Confederate rebellion
during the Civil War from holding public office.
July 12th, 1943
• The largest tank battle in history, the Battle of Kursk, takes
place during the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union. The result of the
battle was a Soviet victory and was the final strategic offensive the
Germans were able to launch in the East, as the Allied invasion of
Sicily would divert Hitler’s attention.
July 13th, 1787
• Congress enacts the
Northwest Ordinance, which
outlined the procedures
for turning the territories
into a state. It would be
this ordinance that led
to the establishment of
five states in the area
north of the Ohio River.
It also made clear that the
new states would be equal
with the original 13.
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July 10th, 1943 and 1991
• The amphibious invasion of the island of Sicily marked the
first Allied invasion of Europe against the Axis forces. Dwight D.
Eisenhower would call the invasion “the first page in the liberation
of the European Continent.”
• The first popularly elected leader in Russia’s thousand-year
history is elected in the form of Boris Yeltsin as he took his oath of
office.
July 14th, 1791
• French citizens march on the Bastille, signaling the beginning
of the French Revolution and plunging Europe into almost three
decades of conflict and political turmoil.
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