Bulgaria - The social impact of seasonal migration

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The following units are responsible for the administrative services and control with regard to the foreigners on the territory of the capital Sofia: - Student and Permanently Residing Foreigners; - Refugees; - Businessmen; - Tourists. The tasks of the National Border Police Service are defined by MIAA. This is a specialized security and investigation police force within the Ministry of Internal Affairs, responsible to guard the state border and to control the observance of the border regime. The Service exercises its powers and duties in the border zone, border checkpoints areas, at the international airports, in the internal sea waters, the territorial sea, the adjacent zone, the continental shelf, the Bulgarian part of the Danube river and in the other rivers and water basins. The structure of the National Border Police Service corresponds to the enumerated tasks. As mentioned above, Bulgaria regulates visa issues through the Foreigners in the Republic of Bulgaria Act and the Regulation on the Terms and Procedures for Issuance of Visas by the Diplomatic and Consular Offices of the Republic of Bulgaria. The visa policy of the country is almost fully in compliance with Regulation 574/99 of the EU Council of 12 March 1999, enumerating third countries whose citizens must hold visas when crossing the external borders of the member states. Bulgaria has introduced unilaterally visa-free regime for individuals with standard international passport, citizens of the USA, Canada, Japan, Israel, New Zealand and Australia. The country has bilateral visa-free agreements with the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Lithuania, South Korea, Romania, San Marino, Macedonia and Yugoslavia. In accordance with a Decision of the Council of Ministers, adopted in December 2000, Bulgaria has started the procedure to terminate the bilateral visa-free agreements with Georgia, the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Tunisia. Due to that, the negative visa list of the country is almost fully in compliance with the EU/Schengen one. The difference is that Bulgaria will continue to have visa-free regimes with Macedonia and Yugoslavia - two countries that are included in the Schengen negative list. Both are neighbouring countries having minorities of Bulgarian origin and close economic relations with Bulgaria. The above–mentioned Regulation enumerates 62 states qualified as representing “risk” with regard to illegal immigration. Citizens of these countries must meet additional requirements in order to obtain Bulgarian visa including inter alia proving the aim of and the reasons for the visit, to demonstrate possession of financial resources for the return trip or return ticket respectively, to demonstrate possession of financial resources to meet the cost of their living and others. As far as the sphere of return and readmission is concerned, Bulgarian legislation is absolutely in compliance with the European acquis. When preparing readmission agreements, the Republic of Bulgaria observes Council Recommendation No 274/20 of 30 November 1994, giving the model form of bilateral readmission agreement between a 65
66 EU member-state and a third country. The Republic of Bulgaria has signed readmission agreements with all EU member-states. In addition, it has similar agreements with Norway, the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania and Yugoslavia. The agreements are fully in compliance with the above-mentioned Recommendation. The only exception is the agreements signed before the Recommendation entered into force and the other parties to them are not EU members (Switzerland, Poland and Slovakia). The Republic of Bulgaria is prepared to perform all the necessary procedures to denounce the visa-free agreements from the date of its accession to the EU. 5.2. Migration Management Strategy The management and control of migration processes are a key priority of the Bulgarian government. The main objective is to increase the feeling of security of the citizens in their own country, thereby diminishing their desire for emigration while adopting efficient measures to stop illegal immigration. The regulation of migration channels is a complex task requiring a number of steps. 5.2.1. Regulation and control of labour migration The measures undertaken by the government for regulation and control of labour migration are basically the following: 1. Measures for regulating labour migration, involving a complex approach and continuous application, directed at the perfection of the Bulgarian national legislation and policies. Among them are: • Examination of existing migration legislations and cases of successful migration management as a basis for the perfection of the national policies on migration; • Active participation in the international co-operation for the control of labour migration - for the implementation of international and European standards. 2. Measures regarding labour emigration – a premise for short-term, regulated labour emigration: • Continuous analysis of the work on the operative bilateral agreements for the exchange of labour force, for any modifications in the relevant legislation and the instructions included in the agreements to assist Bulgarian citizens; • Intensification of the process of making bilateral agreements for the exchange of labour force in other countries; • Comprehensive information on the conditions under which Bulgarian citizens can work abroad under operative agreements.
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Migration Trends in Selected Applic
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This country report on Migration Tr
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IV factors is extremely high. The g
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VI foreigners has already reached 2
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VIII in literature and statistics.
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2 Contents: Preface . . . . . . . .
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4 Executive Summary The report foll
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6 greater attractiveness as a final
Page 17 and 18:
8 Measures undertaken by the Bulgar
Page 19 and 20:
10 1. Historical Overview - Migrati
Page 21 and 22:
12 a) The emigration of Bulgarian T
Page 23 and 24: 14 since the late 1950s their numbe
Page 25 and 26: 16 2. Overall migration scales in t
Page 27 and 28: 18 The NSI declares that its expert
Page 29 and 30: 20 World Bulgaria mentions also tha
Page 31 and 32: 22 2.1.2. Out- Mobility - direction
Page 33 and 34: 24 Data from IOM surveys on the pro
Page 35 and 36: 26 Although not representative for
Page 37 and 38: 28 who stated they would wait for a
Page 39 and 40: 30 Data from a survey done in May 2
Page 41 and 42: 32 granted by the Bureau of the UNH
Page 43 and 44: 34 There are a few Afghan immigrant
Page 45 and 46: 36 Afghanistan, Iraq, Armenia, Yugo
Page 47 and 48: 38 An identical percentage of labou
Page 49 and 50: 40 migration with around one-fifth
Page 51 and 52: 42 "Dutch" quarter in Ardino, where
Page 53 and 54: 44 irregular Bulgarian migrants in
Page 55 and 56: 46 In 1998-2002, the Danish Embassy
Page 57 and 58: 48 4. Impact of migration movements
Page 59 and 60: 50 because seasonal migrants from M
Page 61 and 62: 52 Another impact of the increased
Page 63 and 64: 54 show that we, the Bulgarians, ar
Page 65 and 66: 56 hurt by racist remarks of doctor
Page 67 and 68: 58 5. Migration policy, legislation
Page 69 and 70: 60 Human Rights and Fundamental Fre
Page 71 and 72: 62 • The statute also reflects th
Page 73: 64 - prohibition to enter the Repub
Page 77 and 78: 68 implementing the government’s
Page 79 and 80: 70 - The foreign national has speci
Page 81 and 82: 72 - The applicant has submitted do
Page 83 and 84: 74 At the same time, attempts are m
Page 85 and 86: 76 6. Integration policies and prac
Page 87 and 88: 78 6.2. Integration of immigrants a
Page 89 and 90: 80 families, but here they are not
Page 91 and 92: 82 agencies, newspaper articles and
Page 93 and 94: 84 (Weltanschauung) that leads to t
Page 95 and 96: 86 Bibliography Agency for Socioeco
Page 97 and 98: 88 Appendix 1 Tables Table A1. LEVE
Page 99 and 100: 90 Appendix 2 Map
Page 102 and 103: Appendix 4 Graphs Graph 1: Number o
Page 104 and 105: Graph 6: Applicants for refugee sta
Page 106: Sharing Experience… Accession to
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