ABCs of z/OS System Programming Volume 3 - IBM Redbooks

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An access method is a DFSMSdfp component that defines the technique that is used to store and retrieve data. Access methods have their own data set structures to organize data, macros to define and process data sets, and utility programs to process data sets. Access methods are identified primarily by the way that they organize the data in the data set. For example, use the basic sequential access method (BSAM) or queued sequential access method (QSAM) with sequential data sets. However, there are times when an access method identified with one organization can be used to process a data set organized in another manner. For example, a sequential data set (not extended-format data set) created using BSAM can be processed by the basic direct access method (BDAM), and vice versa. Another example is UNIX files, which you can process using BSAM, QSAM, basic partitioned access method (BPAM), or virtual storage access method (VSAM). This chapter describes various data set basics: ► Data set name rules ► Data set characteristics ► Locating a data set ► Volume table of contents (VTOC) ► Initializing a volume 16 ABCs of z/OS System Programming Volume 3
2.1 Data sets on storage devices DASD volume DATASET.SEQ DATASET.PDS DATASET.VSAM VOLSER=DASD01 Figure 2-1 Data sets on volumes Tape volume DATASET.SEQ1 DATASET.SEQ2 DATASET.SEQ3 VOLSER=SL0001 MVS data sets An MVS data set is a collection of logically related data records stored on one volume or a set of volumes. A data set can be, for example, a source program, a library of macros, or a file of data records used by a processing program. You can print a data set or display it on a terminal. The logical record is the basic unit of information used by a processing program. Note: As an exception, the z/OS UNIX services component supports Hierarchical File System (HFS) data sets, where the collection is of bytes and there is not the concept of logically related data records. Storage devices Data can be stored on a magnetic direct access storage device (DASD), magnetic tape volume, or optical media. As mentioned previously, the term DASD applies to disks or simulated equivalents of disks. All types of data sets can be stored on DASD, but only sequential data sets can be stored on magnetic tape. The types of data sets are described in 2.3, “DFSMSdfp data set types” on page 20. DASD volumes Each block of data on a DASD volume has a distinct location and a unique address, making it possible to find any record without extensive searching. You can store and retrieve records either directly or sequentially. Use DASD volumes for storing data and executable programs, Chapter 2. Data set basics 17
Page 1: ibm.com/redbooks Front cover ABCs o
Page 4 and 5: Note: Before using this information
Page 6 and 7: 3.10 Data sets eligible for EAV vol
Page 8 and 9: 5.5 Implementing SMS policies. . .
Page 10 and 11: 7.29 Accessing a data set with DFSM
Page 12 and 13: Trademarks IBM, the IBM logo, and i
Page 14 and 15: Paul Rogers is a Consulting IT Spec
Page 16 and 17: xiv ABCs of z/OS System Programming
Page 18 and 19: 1.1 Introduction to DFSMS IBM 3494
Page 20 and 21: Network File System The Network Fil
Page 22 and 23: Using access methods, commands, and
Page 24 and 25: Distributed data management DFSMSds
Page 26 and 27: Shelf management DFSMSrmm groups in
Page 28 and 29: Availability management DFSMShsm ba
Page 30 and 31: key functions that enable multiple
Page 34 and 35: including the operating system itse
Page 36 and 37: 2.3 DFSMSdfp data set types Data se
Page 38 and 39: 2.4 Types of VSAM data sets Types o
Page 40 and 41: Partitioned data set (PDS) Partitio
Page 42 and 43: ► Extended-addressability, which
Page 44 and 45: method writes data on the first vol
Page 46 and 47: SMS calculates the average preferen
Page 48 and 49: Restriction: The following types of
Page 50 and 51: ► REXX LISTDSI function ► CLIST
Page 52 and 53: Using CLIST OPENFILE INPUT/GETFILE
Page 54 and 55: 2.12 z/OS UNIX files Following are
Page 56 and 57: Logical records and blocks To an ap
Page 58 and 59: 2.14 Locating an existing data set
Page 60 and 61: 2.15 Uncataloged and cataloged data
Page 62 and 63: 2.17 VTOC and DSCBs VTOC DSCBs Figu
Page 64 and 65: 2.18 VTOC index structure VOLUME LA
Page 66 and 67: 2.19 Initializing a volume using IC
Page 68 and 69: 52 ABCs of z/OS System Programming
Page 70 and 71: 3.1 Traditional DASD capacity 885 C
Page 72 and 73: Large volume support design conside
Page 74 and 75: DASD virtual visibility Traditional
Page 76 and 77: 3.4 WLM controlling PAVs zSeries WL
Page 78 and 79: 3.5 Parallel Access Volumes (PAVs)
Page 80 and 81: 3.6 HyperPAV feature for DS8000 ser
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For each z/OS image within the sysp
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Note: With the 3390 Model A, the mo
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Note the following points regarding
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EAS non-eligible data sets An EAS-i
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same as for previous 3390 model dev
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3.13 Using dynamic volume expansion
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3.15 Using Web browser GUI Need a U
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3.17 Increase capacity of volumes F
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3.19 Final capacity increase for vo
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VTOC index changes The index block
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The documentation is in Device Supp
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free space available following the
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Note: The refresh of the index occu
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Updating the VTOC following volume
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USEEAV(YES|NO) YES This means that
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Generally, for VSAM data set alloca
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attributes can reside in the extend
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Other methods for EATTR specificati
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3.30 Migration assistance tracker T
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3.31 Migration tracker commands SET
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106 ABCs of z/OS System Programming
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4.1 Overview of DFSMSdfp utilities
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4.2 IEBCOMPR utility Example 1 Exam
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4.3 IEBCOPY utility //COPY JOB ...
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4.4 IEBCOPY: Copy operation DATA.SE
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4.5 IEBCOPY: Compress operation DAT
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Copying to z/OS UNIX IEBGENER can b
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4.8 IEBGENER: Copying data to tape
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4.10 IEHLIST LISTVTOC output CONTEN
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Examples of IEHINITT In the example
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4.13 DFSMSdfp access methods DFSMSd
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physical blocks. QSAM also guarante
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The automatic class selection (ACS)
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Command Functions DEFINE PAGESPACE
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Note: These commands cannot be used
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► Capacity planning: Capacity pla
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A GDS has sequentially ordered abso
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The parameters are: NAME This speci
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4.21 Relative generation numbers A.
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4.23 PDS data set organization Adva
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4.24 Partitioned data set extended
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4.25 PDSE enhancements PDSE, two ad
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4.26 PDSE: Conversion Using DFSMSds
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4.27 Program objects in a PDSE Func
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4.28 Sequential access methods Sequ
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4.29 z/OS V1R9 QSAM - BSAM enhancem
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4.30 Virtual storage access method
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4.31 VSAM terminology Logical recor
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4.32 VSAM: Control interval (CI) LR
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4.33 VSAM data set components Clust
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4.34 VSAM key sequenced cluster (KS
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The sequence is as follows: 1. VSAM
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4.37 VSAM: Typical ESDS processing
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4.39 VSAM: Typical RRDS processing
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4.41 VSAM: Data-in-virtual (DIV) DI
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4.43 VSAM resource pool VSAM resour
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► CIs are discarded as soon as th
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SMB processing techniques If all of
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MSG=SMBBIAS When you specify MSG =
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4.47 VSAM SMB enhancement with z/OS
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4.48 VSAM enhancements Data compres
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4.50 Data set separation syntax Dat
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4.51 Data facility sort (DFSORT) Pa
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4.52 z/OS Network File System (z/OS
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4.53 DFSMS optimizer (DFSMSopt) Fig
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4.54 Data Set Services (DFSMSdss) /
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4.55 DFSMSdss: Physical and logical
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When to use logical processing Use
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When to use physical processing Use
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4.59 Hierarchical Storage Manager (
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Tasks for availability management f
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- Release of unused, over-allocated
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usually slower response time. Usual
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DATASSETSIZE(dssize) This specifies
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► Utilize OVERFLOW volumes for mi
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Before automatic secondary space ma
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For data sets larger than 58 K trac
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► Migration level 1 (ML1) volumes
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value of a user-specified RETPD or
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The second-newest version is treate
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If the version has a specified rete
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ACS routines For both automatic and
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- System-managed automated tape lib
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4.75 What DFSMSrmm can manage Remov
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You can also use the DFSMSrmm built
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z/OS V1R8 enhancements DFSMSrmm hel
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5.1 Storage management ISMF dss Fig
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5.3 Goals and benefits of system-ma
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Improved data availability manageme
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► Whether data sets are to be kep
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When the ACS routines are started a
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5.7 Assigning data to be system-man
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Even though data class is optional,
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You can use the ACCESSIBILITY attri
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If you do not explicitly assign a m
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5.12 Using storage groups DFSMShsm-
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5.13 Using aggregate backup and rec
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5.14 Automatic Class Selection (ACS
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5.15 SMS configuration An SMS confi
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5.16 SMS control data sets SMS Figu
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5.17 Implementing DFSMS Enabling th
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► Gain experience with the operat
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Specify SHAREOPTIONS(3,3) for the A
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Defining the SMS base configuration
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5.21 Creating ACS routines Storage
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5.22 DFSMS setup for z/OS IEASYSxx
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5.23 Starting SMS and activating a
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5.24 Control SMS processing with op
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5.25 Displaying the SMS configurati
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exception. If it is clear that a PD
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sets (see Figure 5-27 on page 287).
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Using a high level qualifier (HLQ)
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5.30 Establishing installation stan
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5.32 Data class attributes Data cla
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5.34 Simplifying JCL use Figure 5-3
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► The AVGREC attribute indicates
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Considerations when specifying spac
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5.38 SMS PDSE support SMS PDSE supp
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5.40 Allocating new PDSEs //ALLOC E
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Production batch refers to data cre
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tape are stored as a tape data set
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5.44 ISMF: Product relationships IS
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5.45 ISMF: What you can do with ISM
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5.46 ISMF: Accessing ISMF Panel Hel
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5.48 ISMF: Obtaining information ab
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5.49 ISMF: Data set option Figure 5
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5.51 ISMF: Management Class option
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5.53 ISMF: Storage Class option Fig
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6.1 Catalogs ICF structure 1 ICF st
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6.2 The basic catalog structure (BC
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6.3 The VSAM volume data set (VVDS)
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6.4 Catalogs by function SYSCAT VOL
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User catalogs The difference betwee
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Multilevel aliases You can augment
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Defining a cataloged data set When
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The example in Figure 6-9 on page 3
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6.8 Using multiple catalogs CATALOG
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If you need to share data sets acro
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► List a user catalog connector i
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Note: When you delete a data set, t
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DELET6 JOB ... //STEP1 EXEC PGM=IDC
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Note: The command will result in er
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You can later recover the backup co
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Aliases to the catalog can be defin
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► Physical errors The records on
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Because APF authorization is establ
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3. Use EXAMINE and DIAGNOSE to ensu
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5. Use REPRO MERGECAT to split the
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The two types of buffer are used to
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Catalog report output This MODIFY c
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Restarting the catalog address spac
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► MODIFY CATALOG,LIST The LIST co
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Recover from performance slow downs
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2. Define or alter your existing ca
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7.1 VSAM share options Share option
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7.2 Base VSAM buffering Three types
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7.3 Base VSAM locking Figure 7-3 Ex
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7.5 VSAM record-level sharing intro
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► Non-CICS jobs can have read-onl
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7.8 Buffering under VSAM RLS CICS R
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7.9 VSAM RLS locking control interv
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7.10 VSAM RLS/CICS data set recover
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7.11 Transactional recovery Commite
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7.13 VSAM RLS implementation Update
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Cache structures Coupling Facility
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7.15 Update PARMLIB with VSAM RLS p
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7.16 Define sharing control data se
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Tip: Place the SHCDSs on separate v
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Command ===> Figure 7-22 CF cache u
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7.18 Update data sets with log para
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7.19 The SMSVSAM address space RLS
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7.20 Interacting with VSAM RLS Inte
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To learn about other DISPLAY comman
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to use this specification or the sp
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► RECOVERY REQUIRED This field in
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DFSMStvs is a follow-on project/cap
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Like CICS, DFSMStvs does not perfor
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It is RRS that provides the means t
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7.27 Unit of work and unit of recov
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► Log of logs (optional, shared w
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7.30 Application considerations Bre
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7.31 DFSMStvs logging implementatio
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LABEL JOB ... //STEP10 EXEC PGM=IXC
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7.33 Update PARMLIB with DFSMStvs p
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7.34 The DFSMStvs instance CICSA R/
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Changes to parameters other than AK
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7.36 Summary Figure 7-48 Summary Ba
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8.1 Overview of DASD types Traditio
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8.2 Redundant array of independent
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8.3 Seascape architecture Powerful
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► Data copy sharing Data copy sha
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NVS cache NVS is used to store a se
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8.6 ESS major components Figure 8-6
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8.8 FICON host adapters FICON host
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8.9 ESS disks Eight-packs Set of 8
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8.10 ESS device adapters SSA 160 De
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8.11 SSA loops SSA operation 4 link
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8.12 RAID-10 RAID-10 configurations
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8.13 Storage balancing with RAID-10
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Peer-to-peer remote copy (PPRC) PPR
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8.15 ESS performance features Prior
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8.16 IBM TotalStorage DS6000 Enterp
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DS6000 expansion enclosure (Model 1
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support for one or two expansion fr
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The DS8300 models can support eithe
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consolidations where separate stora
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Copy Services include the following
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TotalStorage Expert helps storage a
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identifying the data set and descri
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Table 8-4 Types of labels Code Mean
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equired. Therefore, the resulting t
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Drive designed for automation solut
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3494 models and features IBM 3494 o
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Each FICON channel in the VTS can s
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In addition to the 3494 VTS compone
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► Consolidation Another benefit i
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Online resources ► z/OS DFSMShsm
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