AREA A/B ENGINEERING REPORT - Waste Management

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Table 6-1: Outline of Four Main Types of Managed Landfill Type Key Features of Landfill Design and Operation Design Type 1: Engineered Liner and Cover Design Type 2: Engineered Liner and Natural Analog Cover Design Type 3: Engineered Liner and Natural Analog Cover + Enhanced Degradation Design Type 4: Engineered Natural Barrier and Cover Geosyntec Consultants • Design prescribed under Subtitle D, relies on engineered systems that feature a leachate management system (LMS) and a gas management system (GMS), which may be active or passive depending on the size and age of the landfill. • Operation, maintenance, and monitoring provide for waste containment and operational control system performance. • <strong>Waste</strong> treatment is not enhanced in this type of landfill since the objective is to minimize or control (i.e., inhibit) infiltration of moisture for the very long term. • While this type of landfill is very protective of groundwater and other environmental media, it limits end use options after closure because of the need for the final cover to remain undisturbed. • Design is identical in component systems and performance to a Type 1 landfill, with the exception that it features a natural analog cover system as an alternative to the prescriptive Subtitle D cover design. • These landfill cover designs can exceed many important cover system performance criteria such as erosion control, methane oxidation, and slope stability. This landfill type controls infiltration through the cover system at a rate that can sustain active waste treatment but not result in leachate build-up and compromise of the engineered liner. • A significant advantage of this landfill design is that it affords more flexibility in end use because natural analog covers can be designed as low maintenance or even self sustaining systems. Active maintenance of the cover may not be required in the longer term for ongoing protection of human health and the environment. • Design is identical in component systems and performance to Type 2, with the exception that it features enhanced treatment systems in the form of controlled enhanced biodegradation. • Operationally, this landfill design may require more infrastructure (such as for liquids distribution) and higher levels of operational management than other types, and is generally more costly in terms of capital expenditure. • A significant advantage of this landfill design is that it will require significantly less longterm care due to the efficient and rapid degradation of waste. This, coupled with the advantages of a natural analog cover system, affords much flexibility in end use options because long term active maintenance of containment systems should not be required in the longer term. • Design is identical in component systems and performance to Type 1, with the exception that it features an engineered natural barrier soil liner as an alternative to the prescriptive Subtitle D liner design. • This landfill is designed to be just as protective of groundwater and other environmental media as the other types of modern landfills, but a greater focus is placed on its management elements (particularly cover maintenance and environmental monitoring). • These landfills are simpler to operate than other landfill types because they often do not require a LMS as part of their permit. However, Type 4 Landfills will typically require longer-term final cover system maintenance. MD10186.doc 83 29 March 2009
Containment Attribute Siting and Design Liner System Leachate <strong>Management</strong> System Cover System Table 6-2: Summary of Containment Attributes of Managed Landfills Engineered Liner and Cover Managed Landfill Type Engineered Liner and Natural Analog Cover Engineered Liner and Natural Analog Cover + Enhanced Degradation Geosyntec Consultants Engineered Natural Barrier and Cover Regulatory requirements for proper siting are designed so that landfills are located at sites with natural buffer materials to retard liquid flow beneath the landfill and monitor for impacts A multi-layer liner features geosynthetic and soil barriers, preventing leachate leakage Leachate is collected and removed, reducing the pressure head on the liner A multi-layer cover features geosynthetic and soil barriers, controlling infiltration Engineered natural analog barrier without geosynthetics used to control infiltration Natural engineered barrier without geosynthetics used to prevent leachate leakage In some cases, a LMS may not exist because pressure head on the natural liner is not an issue of concern Same as Type1 MD10186.doc 84 29 March 2009
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AT THE MAN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Geosyntec Consult
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Geosy
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Geosy
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DEFINITIONS AND LIST OF ACRONYMS AC
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Geosyntec Consult
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Geosyntec Consultants time, the lan
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Long-Term Liner System Performance
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Geosyntec Consultants generation is
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Geosyntec Consultants cover systems
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Beyond Waste Containment - Landfill
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Geosyntec Consultants • Section 3
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Geosyntec Consultants Required by r
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• Landfill gas system monitoring
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Geosyntec Consultants An extensive
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1.4.2 Permanent Storage of Biogenic
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2. REGULATORY OVERSIGHT OF MANAGED
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2.2.1 Siting Considerations Geosynt
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Geosyntec Consultants The LCRS is i
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Page 131 and 132: • Long-term performance of leacha
Page 133 and 134: AVERAGE LCRS FLOW RATE (lphd) 100,0
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Geosyntec Consultants various pract
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Geosyntec Consultants In summary, a
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REFERENCES Geosyntec Consultants Ab
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Geosyntec Consultants Humer M., Lec
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Geosyntec Consultants United States
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Geosyntec Consultants These three s
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Geosyntec Consultants discontinue o
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C4. LONG-TERM INTEGRITY OF LANDFILL
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Geosyntec Consultants well known, t
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Geosyntec Consultants Zekkos D., Br
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