saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
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laosi (ventiniani), vietnami (hanoi), malaizia (kuala-lumpuri), singapuri (singapuri), indonezia<br />
(jakarta), brunei (ban<strong>da</strong>r-seri-behevani), filipinebi (manila).<br />
b) aziis naxevarkunZulovani qveynebia: TurqeTi, saudis-arabeTi, iemeni, omani, indoeTi, mianma,<br />
tailandi, kamboja, laosi, vietnami, samxreT korea.<br />
aziis kunZulovani qveynebia: iaponia, filipinebi, indonezia, Sri-lanka.<br />
g) kunZul axal gvineis teritoria gayofilia or nawilad. erTi nawili ekuTvnis indonezias,<br />
meore ki papua axal gvineas.<br />
§ 1. 5.<br />
gv. 34<br />
1. a) CrdiloeT amerikas esazRvreba: CrdiloeT yinulovani, atlantis <strong>da</strong> wynari okeaneebi.<br />
zRvebi: bofortis, bafinis, karibis, beringis.<br />
b) CrdiloeT polaruli wre, Crdilo tropiki<br />
2. merCisoni – C. g. 71 0 50’<br />
mariato – C. g. 7 0 12’<br />
princ uelsis – d. g. 168 0 0’<br />
sent-Carlzi – d. g. 55 0 40’<br />
gv. 35<br />
3. CrdiloeT amerikis mniSvnelovani yureebia: alaskis, butias, foqsis, huZonis, wm. lavrentis,<br />
meqsikis, kaliforniis.<br />
naxevarkunZulebia: alaskis, labradoris, floridis, kaliforniis.<br />
kunZulebia: viqtoria, bafinis miwa, grenlandia, niufaundlendi, bermudis kunZulebi, bahamis<br />
kunZulebi, didi antiliis kunZulebi (kuba, iamaika, haiti, puerto-riko) mcire antiliis<br />
kunZulebi, havais kunZulebi.<br />
4. a) kordelerebi urTierTparaleluri maRali mTagrexilebis – kldovani, kaskadovani,<br />
sanapiro qedis, siera-nevadis mTebisgan <strong>da</strong> maT Soris moTavsebuli sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva simaRlis – iukonis,<br />
kolumbiis, kolorados <strong>da</strong> meqsikis zegnebisgan Sedgeba.<br />
b) kldovani, kaskadovani, sanapiro qedebi <strong>da</strong> siera-nevadis mTebi urTierTparalelurad arian<br />
ganlagebuli.<br />
g) kordilerebis umaRlesi mwvervalia mak-kinli (6194 m).<br />
gv. 36<br />
6. a) CrdiloeT amerikis teritoriaze vxvdebiT: arqtikul, subarqtikul, zomier, subtropikul,<br />
tropikul <strong>da</strong> subekvatorul klimatur sartylebs. kontinentis yvelaze didi nawili zomier<br />
sartyelSia moqceuli.<br />
b) subtropikul klimatur sartyelSi havis sami olqi gamoiyofa: wynari okeanis mxares –<br />
xmelTaSuazRvuri, atlantis okeanis mxares – musonur-subtropikuli, xolo maT Soris kontinentur-subtropikuli.<br />
tropikul klimatur sartyelSi havis ori olqi gamoiyofa: <strong>da</strong>savleTSi sanapiro u<strong>da</strong>bnos havis<br />
olqi, xolo meqsikis yuris periferiaze <strong>da</strong> antiliis kunZulebze – notio tropikuli.<br />
g) CrdiloeT amerikis teritoriaze atmosferuli naleqebi uTanabrod aris ganawilebuli.<br />
yvelaze uxvnaleqiania zomieri <strong>da</strong> nawilobriv subekvatoruli kordilierebisa <strong>da</strong> meqsikis yuris<br />
mimdebare mTebis kalTebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c 2000-3000 mm naleqi modis. atlantis okeanispira teritoriaze<br />
naleqebis raodenoba 1000-<strong>da</strong>n 2000 mm-mdea. centralur vakeebze 500-1000 mm, xolo did vakeebze<br />
250-500 mm. yvelaze naklebi naleqi 200 mm-ze, zogan 100 mm-ze naklebi kordilierebis mTaTaSoris<br />
zegnebze, arqtikuli <strong>da</strong> subarqtikuli sartylebis Si<strong>da</strong> raionebSi modis.<br />
7. CrdiloeT amerikis <strong>da</strong>savleTiT aRmarTuli kordilerebi eRobeba wynari okeani<strong>da</strong>n wamosuli<br />
teniani haeris masebs <strong>da</strong> TiTqmis mTeli teni <strong>da</strong>savleTis kalTebze rCeba, Si<strong>da</strong> vakeebze ki kontinenturi<br />
hava yalibdeba. kontinentur centralur nawilSi, CrdiloeTis yinulovani okeani<strong>da</strong>n<br />
meqsikis yuremde ga<strong>da</strong>Wimuli vakeTa derefani xels uwyobs arqtikuli <strong>da</strong> tropikuli heris masebis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebas. tropikul ganedebSi arqtikuli haeris SemoWrisas temperatura mkveTrad ecema.<br />
meqsikis yuris mxri<strong>da</strong>n tropikuli haeris maRal ganedebSi SeWra zamTarSi uecar <strong>da</strong>Tbobas iwvevs<br />
TviT polarul ganedebamde <strong>da</strong> grigalisebur qars – tornados warmoSobs. kontinentis ZiriTad<br />
nawilze tenis umTavresi wyaro atlantis okeani<strong>da</strong>n Semosuli haeris masebia, romlis gavlenac<br />
kordilierebamde aRwevs, radganac apalaCis <strong>da</strong>bali mTebi seriozul bariers ar warmoadgens.<br />
gv. 37<br />
8. a) CrdiloeT amerikis kontinentis mdinareebi wynari, atlantis <strong>da</strong> CrdiloeT yinulovani<br />
okeanis auzebs ganekuTvneba. wynari okeanis auzs ganekuTvneba – kolumbia, kolorado <strong>da</strong> iukoni.<br />
CrdiloeT yinulovan okeanis auzis mdinarea makenzi. atlantis okeanis auzis mdinarea misisipi<br />
(misuriT) <strong>da</strong> wm. lavrenti.<br />
b) kana<strong>da</strong>sa <strong>da</strong> aSS-is sazRvarze mdebareobs xuTi didi tba: zemo, miCigani, huroni, eri <strong>da</strong> ontario.<br />
bevri tbaa kanadis teritoriaze: didi <strong>da</strong>Tvis, didi monebis, vinipegis <strong>da</strong> sxva.<br />
g) CrdiloT amerikis ugrZesi mdinare misisipi gaedineba: minesotis, viskonsinis, aiovas, ilinoisis,<br />
misuris, arkanzasis, tenesis, luizianasa <strong>da</strong> misisipis StatebSi. masze mdebareobs qalaqebi:<br />
sent-poli, mineapolisi, sent-luisi, memfisi, baton-ruJi) axali orleani.<br />
gv. 38<br />
10. a) CrdiloeT amerikis kontinentze gavrcelebulia: arqtikuli u<strong>da</strong>bnoebis zona, tundra<br />
<strong>da</strong> tyetundra, taiga, Sereuli <strong>da</strong> farTofoTlovani tyeebis zona, stepebi, u<strong>da</strong>bnoebi <strong>da</strong> naxevaru<strong>da</strong>bnoebi,<br />
savanebisa <strong>da</strong> meCxeri tyeebis zona, maradmwvane xeSeSfoTliani tyeebisa <strong>da</strong> buCqnarebis<br />
zona, cvalebadteniani tyeebis zona, notio ekvatoruli tyeebis zona <strong>da</strong> mTebSi simaRliTi sartyluroba.<br />
b) bunebrivi zonebi kontinentis CrdiloeT nawilSi ganedur zolebs qmnian, taigis samxreTiT<br />
mdebare bunebriv zonebs ki meridianuli mimarTuleba aqvT.<br />
gv. 40<br />
11. bunebrivi pirobebis gamo kontinentis CrdiloeTiT metad mkacri klimaturi pirobebia,<br />
ris gamoc es nawili meCxerad aris <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli.<br />
12. centraluri amerikis qveynebia: meqsika, gvatemala, belizi, hondurasi, nikaragua, kostarika,<br />
panama.<br />
karibis zRvis auzis qveynebia: kuba, iamaika, haiti, domenikis respublika.<br />
§ 1. 6.<br />
gv. 42<br />
1. a) samxreT amerika <strong>da</strong>savleT <strong>da</strong> ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d samxreT naxevarsferoSi mdebareobs. kontinents<br />
CrdiloeTiT kveTs ekvatori. <strong>da</strong>savleTi<strong>da</strong>n wynari, aRmosavleTi<strong>da</strong>n ki – atlantis okeane akravs.<br />
b) galinasis – C. g. 12 0 25’<br />
frouordis – s. g. 53 0 54’<br />
pariniasis – d. g. 81 0 20’<br />
kabu-brankos – d. g. 34 0 46’<br />
g) samxreT amerikis kontinentos aRmosavleTiT mdebareobs amazonis, orinokosa <strong>da</strong> la-platis<br />
<strong>da</strong>blobebi, braziliisa <strong>da</strong> gvianis zegnebi, samxreTSi ki – patagonis zegani.<br />
gv. 43<br />
2. samxreT amerikis kontinentis <strong>da</strong>savleTiT mTel sigrZeze ga<strong>da</strong>Wimulia andebis axalgazr<strong>da</strong><br />
naoWa mTebi.<br />
a) misi Semadgeneli qedebia: patagoniis, sanapiro, <strong>da</strong>savleTi <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTi qedebi.<br />
b) ZiriTadi mwvervalebia: akonkagua (6960 m), ankouma (6550 m), iliampu (6485 m), Cimboraso (6267 m).<br />
vulkanebia: san-pedro (6159 m), kotopaxi (5897 m), ruisi (5493 m), liulia iliako (6723 m).<br />
g) spilenZi <strong>da</strong> kala<br />
3. Cile, argentina, bolivia, peru, ekvadori, kolumbia.<br />
gv. 44<br />
4. samxreT amerikis havis formirebas umTavresad ganapirobebs kontinentis meridianuli<br />
ganfeniloba, reliefis mravalferovneba, okeanuri dinebebi.<br />
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