saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba
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§ 2. 13.<br />
gv. 127<br />
1. a) rodopis mTebi aRmosavleT nawilSi bulgareTis teritoriaze mdebareobs; dinaris mTebi<br />
mdebareobs xorvatiis, montenegrosa <strong>da</strong> bosnia-hercegovinas teritoriaze;<br />
b) mTa musala mdebareobs bulgareTis teritoriaze.<br />
2. a) mdinare dunai moedineba germaniis, avstriis, slovakeTis, ungreTis, xorvatiis, serbeTis,<br />
bulgareTis, rumineTis, moldoveTis <strong>da</strong> ukrainis teritoriebze.<br />
b) md. dunaize ganlagebulia: avstriis (vena), slovakeTis (bratislava), ungreTis (bu<strong>da</strong>peSti),<br />
serbeTis (belgradi) de<strong>da</strong>qalaqebi.<br />
gv. 129<br />
3. energetika, feradi metalurgia.<br />
4. balkaneTic <strong>da</strong> kavkasiac mTiani mxareebia. amasTan orive regioni mravaleTnikuri SemadgenlobiT<br />
gamoirCeva.<br />
5. a) md. sava miedineba sloveniis, xorvatiis, bosnia-hercrgovinasa <strong>da</strong> serbeTis teritoriebze.<br />
b) dubrovniki, spliti, bari (adriatikis zRvaze), varna, oqros qviSebi, sozopuli (Sav zRvaze),<br />
saloniki, pirei, kavala, molisi (egeosis zRvaze)<br />
§ 2. 14<br />
gv. 130<br />
1. a) slovenia (lubliana), xorvatia (zagrebi), serbeTi (belgradi), montenegro (podgorica),<br />
makedonia (skopie), rumineTi (buqaresti), saberZneTi (aTeni), TurqeTi (ankara) – nawilobriv.<br />
b) TurqeTi – nawilobriv.<br />
4. iugoslaviis <strong>da</strong>Slis Sedegad warmoiSvnen: xorvatia, slovenia, montenegro, makedonia,<br />
serbeTi.<br />
III Tavi – mosaxleoba<br />
§ 3. 1.<br />
1. a) afrikaSi; b) afrikis, evropisa <strong>da</strong> aziis teritoriebze; g) afriki<strong>da</strong>n evropisken, aziis<br />
samxreT-aRmosavleT, samxreT <strong>da</strong> Crdilo-aRmosavleT raionebSi, aseve CrdiloeT <strong>da</strong> samxreT<br />
amerikaSi;<br />
2. ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, bunebriv faqtorebze;<br />
3. amJamad, de<strong>da</strong>miwaze a<strong>da</strong>mianis mier <strong>da</strong>usaxlebuli teritoriebi Zalzed mcirea.<br />
4. b) 22, 5 mln-jer;<br />
g) gaormagebas erTi saukune <strong>da</strong>sWira, gasammagebas ki – 50 weli.<br />
5. a) yazaxeTi, kolumbia, nigeria.<br />
b) kana<strong>da</strong>, brazilia, espaneTi<br />
g) angola, su<strong>da</strong>ni, avRaneTi<br />
d) 2002 wels.<br />
6. a) CineTi, indoeTi;<br />
b) aSS, ruseTi;<br />
g) saqarTvelo, ukraina.<br />
d) vatikani.<br />
§ 3. 2.<br />
1. a) Sobadobis maCvenebeli maRalia: avRaneTi, angola, somali. mokv<strong>da</strong>obis maCvenebeli maRalia,<br />
avRaneTi, nigeria, angola.<br />
b) Sobadoba yvelaze <strong>da</strong>balia: germania, italia, Sveicaria. mokv<strong>da</strong>oba yvelaze <strong>da</strong>balia: meqsika,<br />
alJiri, saudis arabeTi.<br />
g) Sobadoba saqarTveloSi udris 8-11 %o-s. mokv<strong>da</strong>voba ki – 9-10 %o.<br />
2. a) bunebrivi namati maRalia saudis arabeTSi, su<strong>da</strong>nsa <strong>da</strong> CadSi,<br />
b) yvelaze <strong>da</strong>balia – ruseTSi, germaniaSi, ukrainaSi.<br />
g) saqarTveloSi <strong>da</strong>balia <strong>da</strong> udris -7,1– 0,1 %o-s.<br />
3. Sobadobasa <strong>da</strong> mokv<strong>da</strong>obaze gavlenas axdens qveyanaSi arsebuli socialur-ekonomikuri (mag.<br />
jan<strong>da</strong>cva, <strong>da</strong>zRveva, Semosavali <strong>da</strong> a. S.), politikuri (mag. mSvidoba, konfliqti <strong>da</strong> a. S.) pirobebi,<br />
aseve bunebrivi faqtorebi (mag. stiqiuri movlenebi, ekologiuri mdgomareoba <strong>da</strong> a. S.).<br />
4. bunebrivi namati 0, 8 mln. kacis tolia.<br />
5. 51 000 kaci.<br />
6. 600 kaciT <strong>da</strong>iklo.<br />
§ 3. 3.<br />
1. a) aSS, avstralia, safrangeTi;<br />
b) alJiri, irani, namibia;<br />
n) martivi.<br />
2. b) saWiroa fuladi <strong>da</strong>xmarebebis gazr<strong>da</strong> axalgazr<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> mravalSviliani ojaxebisTvis, samedicino<br />
<strong>da</strong>zRvevis SemuSaveba <strong>da</strong> a. S.<br />
§ 3. 4.<br />
1. warsulSi a<strong>da</strong>mianTa garkveuli rasebi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, gansazRvrul teritoriaze cxovrobdnen,<br />
mag., evropeidebi – evropaSi, negrodebi – afrikaSi. amJamad ki, a<strong>da</strong>mianTa yvela rasa TiTqmis yvela<br />
kontinentzea gansaxlebuli.<br />
2. bunebrivma, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d ki klimaturma pirobebma;<br />
3. evropeiduli rasebis warmomadgenlebi cxovroben evropaSi, CrdiloeT amerikaSi, avstraliaSi;<br />
negroiduli rasebis warmomadgenlebi – afrikaSi, CrdiloeT amerikaSi; monRoloiduri<br />
rasis – aziaSi, gar<strong>da</strong>mavali rasis ki – samxreT amerikaSi, aziaSi.<br />
4. ZiriTadi garegnuli gansxvavebebia: kanisa <strong>da</strong> Tvalis feri, Tvalis Wrili, cxviris forma<br />
<strong>da</strong> a. S.<br />
§ 3. 5.<br />
1. am qveynebSi mosaxleobis mravalricxovnobam.<br />
2. mag. qurTebis, boSebis.<br />
3. mag. evropaSi cxovroben indoevropuli ojaxis slavuri, romanuli, germanuli jgufebis<br />
warmomadgenlebi.<br />
4. a) qarTvelebTan erTad saqarTveloSi aseve cxovroben afxazebi, osebi, rusebi, ukrainelebi<br />
<strong>da</strong> a. S.<br />
b) 1979-2002 wlebSi gaizar<strong>da</strong> qarTvelTa xvedriTi nawli, Semcir<strong>da</strong> rusebis, berZnebis,<br />
ebraelebis xvedriTi wili.<br />
g) Cvens qveyanaSi arsebulma socialur-ekonomikurma <strong>da</strong> politikurma viTarebam.<br />
5. TurqeTSi.<br />
§ 3. 6.<br />
1. a) ruseTi, espaneTi, argentina.<br />
b) CineTi, indoeTi, egvipte.<br />
g) aSS, kana<strong>da</strong>, brazilia.<br />
2. a) afrikasa <strong>da</strong> laTinur amerikaSi;<br />
b) CrdiloeT amerikasa <strong>da</strong> aziaSi;<br />
g) evropasa <strong>da</strong> CrdiloeT amerikaSi.<br />
3. ra ufro metia axalgazrdebisa <strong>da</strong> mozrdilTa xvedriTi wili, miT metia qveyanaSi SromiTi<br />
resursebis potenciali.<br />
4. a) aSS; germania, iaponia.<br />
b) meqsika, brazilia, Cile.<br />
g) somali, kongo, eTiopia.<br />
d) ganviTarebad qveynebSi mosaxleobis saSualo asaki <strong>da</strong>balia.<br />
5. Sobadoba-mokv<strong>da</strong>obis maCveneblebi;<br />
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