saqarTvelosa da msoflios geografia 8 - Ganatleba

tura – 40 0 -mde ecema. okeane ifareba yinuliT. gamonakliss warmoadgens barencis zRvis samxreTdasavleTi
nawili, romelic ganicdis Tbili dinebis gavlenas.
22. a) samxreT okeanis zRvebia: amundsenis, belinhauzenis, uedlis, rosis.
kunZulebia: samxreT sandviCis, samxreT Setlandis.
II Tavi – kavkasia da balkaneTi
§ 2.1.
gv. 86
1. kavkasia mdebareobs CrdiloeT da aRmosavleT naxevarsferoSi, evropisa da aziis sasazRvro
zolSi, kavkasiis yelze.
kavkasia mdebareobs evropis samxreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi, kaspiisa da azovis zRvebs Soris.
2. mag. alpebi, romelic evropis centralur nawilSi mdebareobs. alpebi ramdenime qveynis
teritoriazea ganfenili kavkasionis msgavsad.
gv. 87
3. evropa-aziis sazRvris gatarebaze damokidebulia mTeli rigi qveynebis mdebareobis gansaz-
Rvra.
4. Tu sazRvari evropa-azias Soris gauyveba kuma-maniCis Rrmuls an kavkasionis mTavar wyalgamyof
qeds, am SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelo aziaSi moxvdeba. sxva SemTxvevaSi ki evropaSi xvdeba.
§ 2. 2.
gv. 88
1. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi mdebareobs imierkavkasis vake, Crdilo SavizRvispireTi, samxreT kavkasiaSia
– amierkavkasiis bari, mcire kavkasioni, samxreT kavkasiis vulkanuri mTianeTi da TaliSis
mTebi lenqoranis dablobiT.
gv.90
2. kavkasionis mwvervalebia ialbuzi, dixTau, uSba, Sxara, myinvarwveri.
§ 2. 3.
gv. 91
1. hava bevrad mkacri iqneboda, radgan CrdiloeTidan wamosuli civi haeris masebi did zegavlenas
moaxdendnen samxreT kavkasiis klimatze.
gv. 92
2. Savi zRvis mdinareebia: rioni, enguri, bzifi, fsou da sxv.
azovis zRvis mdinareebia: yubani, Tergi.
kaspiis zRvis mdinareebia: mtkvari, araqsi, alazani, iori, debeda da sxv.
3. kavkasiaSi wylis resursebiT yvelaze Raribi raionia somxeTi.
§ 2. 4.
gv. 96
1. kavkasiaSi tyeebi ZiriTadad gavrcelebulia kavkasionis mTebis kalTebze.
2. a) kavkasiaSi tyiT dafaruli teritoriis farTobia 83 600 km 2 ; b) tyianobis koeficientia:
saqarTveloSi – 25, 1%; azerbaijanSi – 71, 3 %; somxeTSi – 66, 2 %, xolo mTlianad samxreT kavkasiaSi
– 41, 9 %.
76 77
%
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
25,1
saqarTvelo
71,3
66,2
azerbaijani somxeTi
41,9
sul samxreTi
kavkasia
g) erT sul mosaxleze modis: saqarTvelo – 1658, 8 km 2 , azeirbaijani – 7331, 1 km 2 da somxeTSi
– 7111, 1 km 2 .
3. kavkasiaSi gavrcelebulia Semdegi landSaftebi: kolxuri, ariduli subtropikuli, naxevrad
mSrali tyis, ariduli kontinenturi, mTis stepis, wiwvovani tyeebi, alpuri da subalpuri
mdeloebi da sxv.
§ 2. 5
gv. 98
1. a) Savi zRva atlantis okeanes ukavSirde:ba bosforis srutiT, marmarilos zRviT, dardanelis
srutiT, egeosis zRviT, xmelTaSua zRviT da gibraltaris srutiT. Savi zRva azovis zRvas
ukavSirdeba qerCis srutiT; b) Sav zRvaSi Caedineba mdinareebi: dunai, rioni, enguri, Woroxi,
dnepri da sxv.
2. a) Savi zRvis siRrme matulobs napirebidan daSorebis mixedviT.
b) Sav zRvaSi ori wriuli dinebaa – mis dasavleT da aRmosavleT nawilSi.
gv. 99
v. a) Savi zRivs auzis qveynebia: ukraina (kievi), ruseTi (moskovi), saqarTvelo (Tbilisi),
TurqeTi (ankara), bulgareTi (sofia), rumineTi (buqaresti).
b) ukraina – ialta, sevastopoli, aluSta, feodosia, evpatoria, odesa, xersoni, qerCi;
ruseTi – soWi, tuafse, gelenjiki, anapa, novorosiiski;
saqarTvelo – baTumi, qobuleTi, foTi, oCamCire, soxumi, axali aToni, gudauTa, gagra, leseliZe;
TurqeTi – xofa, rize, trapizoni, samsuni, sinopi, zonguldaki;
bulgareTi – burgasi, varna, oqros qviSebi;
rumineTi – konstanca, baia, sulini.
gv. 100
4. Sav zRvas udidesi sameurneo da satransporto mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelosTvis. misi
saSualebiT saqarTvelos navsadgurebidan (foTi, baTumi) TiTqmis yvela saxis nedleuli da
samrewvelo produqcia gaaqvT da SemoaqvT, gadahyavT mgzavrebi. Sav zRvas, agreTve udidesi
turistul-rekreaciuli mniSvneloba aqvs Cveni qveynisTvis. baTumis, qobuleTis komfortuli
plaJebi, xangrZlivi sabanao sezoni da Tbili hava mraval turistsa da damsvenebels izidavs.
5. a) saqarTvelo, azerbaijani, somxeTi, ruseTi ukraina, TurqeTi, bulgareTi, rumineTi, saberZneTi,
moldoveTi, albaneTi, serbeTi;
b) aSS, safrangeTi, italia, germania, poloneTi, belarusi, CexeTi, slovakeTi.