om e 's Ali a - Land ss De elo en - Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, India Office

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120 Women’s Alienation the present case also, the petition has been filed after land has already been acquired; therefore it is being dismissed on the ground of being late. The Bench said so by referring to its earlier judgments in many similar cases. The petition was filed by Swaika Properties Private Ltd. whose land was acquired by Rajasthan Govt. and handed over to Jaipur Development Authority in February 1987. If we look carefully at the Rajasthan Land Revenue (Conversion of Agricultural Land for Non- Agricultural Purpose in Urban and Rural Areas) Rule 2007, its provisions say that any agricultural land can be converted into non-agricultural landuse by paying a fixed fee. Going one step forward, the government of Rajasthan has proposed that full exemption from agricultural land conversion fees will now be made in rural areas for different types of hotels and other tourism units, for which the necessary amendments will be made in Rule 8. Earlier, steps such as the identification of the land to be acquired, the purpose of acquisition and fixation of the price and conditions on which the land is to be given to any company, factory or the government department used to be taken by the Government, and people’s representatives used to be the part of this decision making. But now people’s representatives, legislatures etc. are being sidelined and the bureaucracy increasingly is taking over command. The fact of the matter is that bureaucracy is never directly accountable to the people. In this dirty game of landtransactions, the elected governments are getting exposed before the electorate. For them these governments are playing touts in the hands of land mafias and foreign investors. The changes made in the rules, sub-rules etc. regarding land use also serve the interests of the rich class and the land mafiosi. For instance, if we go through the pages of Rajasthan Municipal Corporation (Land Utilisation Conversion) Rule 2000, we will find that if anybody wants to make commercial use of residential land or heritage property then he or she
will have to deposit 40 per cent of the reserved cost of the residential land/house. This means that in Jaipur city the person living in a 25 sq m hutment will have to deposit thousands of rupees as a fee if he wants to open a general store on his property. Thus, the Government of Rajasthan is not only shirking its responsibility of protecting, promoting and sustaining agricultural activities but on the contrary promoting the non-agricultural use of agricultural land and even changing land laws to facilitate this. That’s why the government is increasingly withdrawing subsidies given to fertilisers, diesel, seeds and agricultural implements. The result is that farmers are increasingly looking reluctant to pursue farming, which is becoming unprofitable, day-by-day, and are looking forward to take up other profitable ventures. On the other hand opportunities to earn quick money are also weaning them away from agriculture. That’s why it is seen in the cases of land acquisition that the farmers, instead of sticking to the stand, of ‘not giving their land’, for a longer Process of Land Alienation period of time, they take the short cut of starting a protest or legal battle with the aim of extricating the maximum compensation. In fact, farmers in Rajasthan are today in a dilemma. On the one hand, due to the neo-liberal economic policies being followed by the state government they are in constant danger of losing their agricultural land under the Land Acquisition Act, on the other hand not much is being done by the state government to make agriculture sustainable and profitable for them. Moreover, there has taken place a clear class division among the farmers here. Those farmers whose land is fertile and full of irrigation facilities want maximum compensation. They go to the extent of releasing newspaper advertisements for selling their land collectively. While poor and marginal farmers are raising their voice against measures like land acquisition and creation of land banks since they are either not supposed to get the compensation or are only getting a small amount which will not be sufficient for their future planning. 121
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Women’s Alienation - Land Less De
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© Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2009 T
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iv Study Team Balaji Pandey Jagaban
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vi In order to facilitate the discu
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Introduction Government machinery u
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Minimum Cost (APMC) Act will only d
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Table 1: Diversion of Agricultural
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The state of Uttarakhand has become
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hectares each, five of them in Alwa
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• t o a s s e s s w o m e n ’s
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Impact of Aggressive Growth Growing
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women’s rights with regard to lan
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the natural resources, suffer more.
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peculiar problem hitherto unheard o
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ole of breadwinners for the family,
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of livelihood. The affected people
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Women are turning to construction l
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According to a survey conducted by
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owned resource meant primarily for
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their source of livelihood - mainly
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Rs. 10,000 remained with her, thiev
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Corporation (NHPC) in 1980. The NHP
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Jharkhand now has become a hot belt
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factory owner and administration ke
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The state administration has arrest
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i.e. mixed population, urbanisation
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insisted on a dialogue only after N
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In sum, it was a total reign of ter
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was also organised involving samiti
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into a meeting. According to Rashmi
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and socio-cultural systems. Protect
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to a lathi-charge by the police. No
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six months extension to complete th
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did not include a leading protest g
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Organised Response Land Acquisition
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anner of ‘Save Mandana Struggle C
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Process of Land Alienation Jharkhan
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Interview: Dr Ram Dayal Munda Forme
Page 79 and 80: available land, power, water and co
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Page 83 and 84: Chhattisgarh in 2000 needs to be se
Page 85 and 86: Table 8: Proposed New Large Industr
Page 87 and 88: The table shows clearly that the la
Page 89 and 90: the period from 2000 onwards witnes
Page 91 and 92: Process of Land Alienation New Proj
Page 93 and 94: Process of Land Alienation Pherroch
Page 95 and 96: under agriculture accounts for only
Page 97 and 98: when capitalism and imperialism had
Page 99 and 100: arred from using, are used by the s
Page 101 and 102: Process of Land Alienation Breeding
Page 103 and 104: Proposals Galore for Industries in
Page 105 and 106: Table 19: Diversions of Forests for
Page 107 and 108: Table 20: Land Grabbing in the Name
Page 109 and 110: ha. in the Garhwal zone. There are
Page 111 and 112: lots of employment opportunities fo
Page 113 and 114: Process of Land Alienation Table 22
Page 115 and 116: economic rights of Scheduled Castes
Page 117 and 118: esources in Rajasthan, having poten
Page 119 and 120: Table 23: Approved Sezs in Rajastha
Page 121 and 122: tourists and by the year 2012 an ad
Page 123 and 124: Table 25: Land to be Acquired by Ja
Page 125 and 126: Table 29: Land Acquired for Farmhou
Page 127 and 128: Process of Land Alienation Gardens
Page 129: is not only the JDA but the whole s
Page 133 and 134: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendat
Page 135 and 136: state governments are promising all
Page 137 and 138: propounded and being put into pract
Page 139 and 140: y. The result is that the agricultu
Page 141 and 142: Selected Bibliography Selected Bibl
Page 143 and 144: Frontline (2007): Dark Side of Mini
Page 145 and 146: Selected Bibliography Ibid., (2004)
Page 147 and 148: Selected Bibliography Nayak, Ramesh
Page 149 and 150: Process of Land Alienation Shiva, D
Page 151 and 152: Process of Land Alienation Women an
Page 154: 2 Women’s Alienation
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