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Table 1 Summary of results of phase I and phase II DC-based immunotherapy for malignant gliomas (Continued )<br />

Intratumoral T cells<br />

postvaccination<br />

on reoperation<br />

Response<br />

postvaccination<br />

Target<br />

disease Vaccine Results<br />

Patient<br />

population<br />

Trial<br />

phase<br />

Senior<br />

investigator/<br />

reference<br />

Dendritic Cell Vaccines for Gliomas 101<br />

2 patients after<br />

reoperation after<br />

vaccination<br />

demonstrated<br />

intratumoral<br />

CD4 þ and<br />

CD8 þ T-cell<br />

infiltration<br />

Increased percentage<br />

of CD56 þ cells<br />

in PBL after<br />

vaccination<br />

2 patients after<br />

vaccination had<br />

increase in T cells<br />

reactive against<br />

tumor lysate–<br />

pulsed DCs<br />

3 patients after<br />

vaccination<br />

demonstrated only<br />

weak T-cell<br />

responses against<br />

tumor lysate–<br />

pulsed DCs<br />

DC-pulsed tumor lysate<br />

every 3 weeks for a<br />

minimum of one and<br />

maximum of 10<br />

vaccinations injected<br />

intradermally close to<br />

a cervical lymph node<br />

and/or intratumorally<br />

via an Ommaya<br />

reservoir<br />

Recurrent<br />

HGG<br />

<strong>Ph</strong>ase I/II 10 (7 GBM,<br />

3 AA)<br />

Yamanaka<br />

et al.<br />

(2003)<br />

(49)<br />

Those who received<br />

both intradermal<br />

and intratumoral<br />

administration<br />

(n ¼ 5) demonstrated<br />

a clinical response<br />

(Continued )

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