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Acid-eluted autologous tumor peptides, in DC-based immunotherapy, 92–93 Active immunotherapies. See also Cancer vaccines MOA of, 167 preclinical modeling of, 154, 156, 157 principle of, 168–169 Active immunotherapy, 75 chemotherapy plus, 41–42 nonspecific immune modulation plus, 42, 45 preclinical models and, 40 Adenoviruses, 139. See also Recombinant viral vectors Adjuvants activation of immune response, 10 autologous tumor-cell-vaccine approach, 57 bacille calmette-guérin (BCG), 32, 37, 73 cancer vaccines as, 71 GM-CSF as immune, 59, 75 GSK’s proprietary, 76 immunological, 59 impact on antigen processing, 10–11 postsurgical setting of, 40, 58, 59, 76, 77 purified proteins in, 16 Index 205 [Adjuvants] stimulation of antigen-specific immune response, 10 system AS04, role in immune response, 60 therapy, 46, 76 treatment of colorectal cancers, 57 treatment of renal cancers, 56 Adoptive T-cell therapy, 157 AEP. See Asparaginyl endoprotease (AEP) AFP. See Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Allogeneic tumor vaccines cytokine-modified tumors as, 59–60 limitations of, 57 manufacturing advantages of, 57 randomized phase 3 trials of, 56, 57 tumor-cell lysate as, 58–59 whole tumor cells as, 57–58 Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), 121, 139 Alphavirus vectors, 138 Anchor residues, 5, 6, 12, 17 Antibody-protein complexes, 16 Antibody therapeutics, 55 Anticancer immunotherapies, challenges of developing effective, 80 Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, 42, 118, 122, 160
206 Index Antigenic peptides degradation of, 2 melanoma-associated, 17 presentation, influence of ERAAP on, 6 presentation by MHC class I molecules, 5 presentation of tumor-associated, 7 processing and presentation of, 10 processing of MHC class II-restricted, 7–10 processing of MHC class I-restricted, 2–7 proteasomal degradation of, 5 trimming of, 5–6 TRP2360–368, 5 xenogeneic, 17, 18 Antigen-presenting cells (APC), 1, 9, 57, 162, 170 antigen transfer from somatic cell to, 134 bone marrow derived, 8 costimulation with, 187–188 migration to LNs, 140 transcriptional competency of, 173 transfection of, 132–133 Antigen processing defined, 1 impact of adjuvants and carriers on, 10–11 impact on T-cell development and repertoire, 18–19 impact on T-cell response, 19–20 of MHC class II-restricted peptide antigens, 7–10 of MHC class I-restricted peptide antigens, 2–7 pathway components of, 2 role in selection of effective T-cell vaccines, 13–18 role of cathepsins in, 8 Antigens. See also Antigenic peptides on malignant cells, 69 presentation of, 37 repertoire of, 74 selection of target, 11–13 specific T cells, 41 of T cells, 138 (See also Tumor-associated antigens (TAA)) [Antigens] in therapeutic cancer vaccine, 70 tumor-specific, 70 unique, 70 Antitumor T-cell activity of, 7 responses, 7 vaccines (See T-cell vaccines) APCs. See Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) Apoptosis, 134 AS04, role of adjuvants system, 60 Asparaginyl endoprotease (AEP), 8 Astrocytomas, 83 ATL, 73–74 Autologous cancer vaccines. See Personalized cancer vaccines Autologous GM-CSF secreting B16 melanoma cells, 41, 42 Bacille calmette-guérin (BCG), adjuvants, 37, 73 BBB. See Blood brain barrier (BBB) BCG see. See Bacille calmette-guérin (BCG), adjuvants BCL1 lymphoma tumor model, 140 Bench to bed and reverse processes, 153 B7-expressing tumor cells, 37 b5i/LMP7subunit, transcripts of, 3 Biochemical approach in selection of antigens, 13 Biological therapies, 55 Biomarkers categories of, 164–166 fundamental role of, 154 impact on development of cancer vaccines, 167 safety evaluation of, 175 toxicity of, 168, 169 Blood brain barrier (BBB), 84 b 2M IHC of, 186–187 Bone marrow chimeric (BMC), mice, 132 Boosting agents. See Peptide analogues Bortezomib, 13
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Translational Medicine Series 6 Can
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TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE SERIES 1. Pr
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Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 52 Van
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Preface Throughout the last 20 year
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Preface vii Table 1 A Diverse Techn
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Preface . . . . v Contributors . .
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Contributors Pedro Alves Ludwig Ins
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1 Factoring in Antigen Processing i
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Factoring in Antigen Processing in
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2 Outlining the Gap Between Preclin
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Preclinical Models and Clinical Sit
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Table 1 Examples of Preclinical Act
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56 Srinivasan disease agents. Garda
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58 Srinivasan expressing various kn
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60 Srinivasan The above-mentioned a
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62 Srinivasan (69). In another stud
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64 Srinivasan patients with prostat
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86 Luptrawan et al. of cancer cells
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88 Luptrawan et al. NK cells can ki
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92 Luptrawan et al. state (50). Pat
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94 Luptrawan et al. ability of TIL
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98 Luptrawan et al. Figure 6 Tumor
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104 Luptrawan et al. antigens (84,8
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112 Schroter and Minev tumor-challe
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7 Multimodality Immunization Approa
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Multimodality Immunization Approach
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