Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing: Behavioral ... - Arteimi.info

24.10 An Application in a Soccer
Playing Robot
The model of cognition cited in chapter 2 finds application in a wide domain
of problems under robotics. Though only a few states of cognition are
commonly used in most systems, there still exist a few limited applications,
where all these are equally utilized.
We start this section with such an application of cognition in football
tournaments by robots, popularly known as "ROBOCUP". In such
competitions, generally a football tournament is organized between two teams
of soccer playing robots. Till now only one robot is employed per team. One
such robot is shown in fig. 24.23. Shortly, the number of robots that will
coordinate among the team members and oppose reactively with the
opponents will be set to four [7]. The various states of soccer playing robot
are presented below.
Fig.24.23: A soccer playing robot, collected from the
public utility of the internet site.
The player robot (hereafter player only) of a team, say A, has to
recognize: i) the ball, ii) the team mates, iii) opposite players and iv) the goal
post of the opponent team B. After taking each snap shot of the field, the
sensory information acquired is saved in working memory of the robot. This
helps the robot construct higher level knowledge from the acquired
information. An example that illustrates the construction of knowledge is the
automated learning behavior of the losing team from the possible goals of the
winning team. For instance consider the teams consisting of fewer members
only. Now if the opponent team scores successive goals from a fixed zone on