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From our point of view, the super-nuclear interaction between neutrons mediated by protons/deuterons in lattice nuclei (carbon in the case of XLPE), cross-linking in XLPE is decisive; cross-linking protons (covalent bonded to two carbon atoms) mediate the interaction of neutrons in carbon nuclei 12 6C on adjacent PE chains. 3.3 Explanation of Nuclear Transmutation in XLPE where observed Water Trees We give explanations of the seven characteristics of the nuclear transmutations (NT) in XLPE giving counterparts in the CFP for reference. (1) Decrease of K and increase of Ca in the case (a) are explained by such a reaction in the solids by absorption of a neutron followed by beta decay with a liberated energy ΔE = 1.31 MeV; n + 39 19K → 40 20K * → 40 20Ca + e — + νe, (σnK39 = 2.10 b) (3-1) where νe is an electron neutrino. As a measure of the reaction cross-section in solids we cited the value in free space in the parenthesis behind the equation. (2) Decrease of 56 26Fe and increase of 57 26Fe in the case (a) are similarly explained but without beta decay due to the stability of 57 26Fe with an energy Q = 1.15 keV transferred to the lattice system instead of gamma ray emission in free space; n + 56 26Fe → 57 26Fe + Q. (σnFe56 = 2.81 b) (3-2) (3) Increase of 64 30Zn and decrease of 66 30Zn, 67 30Zn and 68 30Zn in the case (a) are explained by using the neutron drop A ZΔ, for example; 56 26Fe + 8 4Δ → 64 30Zn. (3-3) The decrease in other isotopes may be explained by nuclear reactions to transform them into other elements but its details are left for another work. (4) Increase of Al and decrease of Mg in the case (b) are explained by reactions similar to (3-2) with Q = 7.08 MeV and Q’ = 12.11 MeV and a reaction similar to (3-1) with ΔE = 2.61 MeV. n + 24 12Mg → 25 12Mg + Q. (σnMg24 = 0.05 b) n + 25 12Mg → 26 12Mg + Q’. (σnMg25 = 0.19 b) n + 26 12Mg → 27 12Mg * → 27 13Al + e — + νe. (σnMg26 = 0.04 b) (5) Decrease of Fe and increase of Ni in the case (c) are explained similarly with use of the neutron drop, for example; 56 26Fe + 4 2Δ → 60 28Ni. Thus, we may imagine the following scenario of growth of a water tree: (i) a NT of impurity nuclides occurs at a boundary region heating there by a liberated energy, (ii) a seed of a water tree is induced by the liberated energy, and (iii) the applied high-frequency electric field makes the water tree grow. 621
The NT’s in phenanthrene [7] may have close relation with that in XLPE discussed in this paper. Acknowledgement The authors would like to express their thanks to Hiroshi Yamada of Iwate University and Takao Kumazawa of Chubu Electric Power Co. for their valuable discussions on the work by Kumazawa et al. This work is supported by a grant from the New York Community Trust. References 1. H. Kozima, Discovery of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon – Evolution of the Solid State- Nuclear Physics and the Energy Crisis in 21st Century, Ohtake Shuppan KK., Tokyo, Japan, 1998. ISBN 4-87186-044-2 (§10.1 Bio- transmutation) 2. H. Kozima, The Science of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon, Elsevier Science, 2006. ISBN- 10: 0-08-045110-1. 3. H. Kozima, “Physics of the Cold Fusion Phenomenon” Proc. ICCF13 (2007, to be published). 4. T. Kumazawa, W. Nakagawa and H. Tsurumaru, “A Study on Behavior of Inorganic Impurities in Water Tree” Electrical Engineering in Japan 153, 1 – 13 (2005). (Experiment with Light Water) 5. T. Kumazawa, W. Nakagawa and H. Tsurumaru, “Experimental Study on Behavior of Bow-tie Tree Generation by Using Heavy Water” (in Japanese) IEEJ Trans. FM, 126, 863 – 868 (2006). (Experiment with Heavy Water) 6. T. Kumazawa and R. Taniguchi, “Detection of Weak Radiation Involving Generation and Progress of Water Tree” (in Japanese) IEEJ Trans. FM, 127, 89 – 96 (2007). (Experiment with Light Soft and Hard Waters) 7. T. Mizuno, K. Kurokawa, K. Azumi, S. Sawada and H. Kozima, “Heat Generation during Hydrogenation of Carbon (Phenanthrene)”, Proc. ICCF14 (to be published). 622
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Proceedings of the 14th Internation
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Table of Contents VOLUME 1 Preface
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Photon Measurements 326 Excess Heat
Page 7 and 8:
Investigation of Deuteron-Deuteron
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Introduction to Cavitation Experime
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Bubble Driven Fusion Roger Stringha
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to the density of muon fusion syste
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4.184 Joules/calorie to give Qo. No
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References 1. M. P. Brenner, S. Hil
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Experiments on stimulation of cavit
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foil (thickness 0.1 mm) was situate
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the external surface of thick wall
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Introduction to Materials The outco
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the foils, and the effects of subse
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Material Science on Pd-D System to
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level required higher current compa
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morphology, and surface morphology
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Figure 11. Evolution of the input a
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Electrode Surface Morphology Charac
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fundamental peak; on the other hand
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RPSD@ max (x10 -32 m 4 ) 0.20 0.10
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2. V. Violante, F. Sarto, E.Castagn
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Experimental Starting with the meta
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Figure 3.1. A typical database reco
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palladium lot as received. Differen
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Condensed Matter “Cluster” Reac
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Loading Measurements A high-vacuum
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Reaction Rate Estimates An estimate
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References 1. Andrei Lipson, Brent
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Introduction to the Theory Papers P
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Foundations: Experimental Evidence,
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Such results are applicable to a wi
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electrostatic fields, that could ge
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Theory Papers 1. V. Adamenko & V.I.
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Figure 1. The general view and deta
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So with a high probability the unkn
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Potential energy of pair (without m
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the corresponding electron wave fun
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applicable in case of interaction o
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The expression in the exponent of (
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Empirical System Identification (ES
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esults of the previous sections to
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The higher the mass of a particle (
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The Hubbard model [18, 19], along w
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A B Figure 2. Atomic Arrangements o
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deuterons, their interaction is aff
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expected in D-D reactions is that w
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It is being argued that, while heav
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with odd permutations weighted by -
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20. C. Elsasser, K.M. Ho, C.T. Chan
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must have positive Bose Exchange sy
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these different statements that ref
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Fig.2 shows a pictorial representat
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(a) A Pictorial Representation of V
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esonance” can take place, in whic
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interior boundaries of the ordered
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Interface Model of Cold Fusion Talb
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D + Bloch "atom" sublayer, 3) epita
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sometimes stimulating an irreversib
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Toward an Explanation of Transmutat
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Given the well-established validity
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The next question is, therefore, if
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An Experimental Device to Test the
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Figure 1. Palladium/deuterium total
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Experimental Reaction enthalpies of
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10. J. Dufour, X. Dufour, D. Murat
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Together with the Coulomb-repulsion
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“The Coulomb Barrier not Static i
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2 16 2 gc 27 3 So, a solution for
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Moreover, we study the “nuclear e
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Then, according to the loading quan
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Having mapped that the -phase depen
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Considering the attractive force, d
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The expression (45) was partially e
Page 149 and 150: Table 1. Using the phase potential
Page 151 and 152: 10. A.De Ninno et al. Europhysics L
Page 153 and 154: Fusion system still outperformed th
Page 155 and 156: Van der Waals attraction occurs at
Page 157 and 158: Quantum Fusion (QF) Quantum Fusion
Page 159 and 160: Energy exchange There is some exper
Page 161 and 162: of the weak coupling matrix element
Page 163 and 164: Figure 3. Energy levels that contri
Page 165 and 166: Input to Theory from Experiment in
Page 167 and 168: substrate, and excess heat is obser
Page 169 and 170: 4. Laser stimulation Letts and Crav
Page 171 and 172: energetic particles are produced, o
Page 173 and 174: 15. K. Kunimatsu, N. Hasegawa, A. K
Page 175 and 176: A Theoretical Formulation for Probl
Page 177 and 178: at some point we will require tools
Page 179 and 180: 3. Matrix element example The appro
Page 181 and 182: Now the wavefunction on the RHS has
Page 183 and 184: Theory of Low-Energy Deuterium Fusi
Page 185 and 186: If mobile deuterons in a metal are
Page 187 and 188: allowed since [Z1/m1] = [Z2/m2], an
Page 189 and 190: traps (in 3g of Pd particles with a
Page 191 and 192: 9. S.N. Bose, Z. Phys. 26, 178 (192
Page 193 and 194: system composed of host nuclei and
Page 195 and 196: A simple specific form of beff (p)
Page 197 and 198: Nuclear Transmutations in Polyethyl
Page 199: Furthermore, there are interesting
Page 203 and 204: explains why there is no neutron em
Page 205 and 206: T+T Fusion CrossSection (Barn) T+T
Page 207 and 208: science, the incident energy is so
Page 209 and 210: When the incident energy approaches
Page 211 and 212: 9. Chadwick, M. B., Oblozinsky, P.,
Page 213 and 214: He = Em C + m Cm + tmn (C + m Cm
Page 215 and 216: where k 2 = (2 Md Ea / ħ ) = Md 2
Page 217 and 218: y altering the shape of the Coulomb
Page 219 and 220: Analysis and Confirmation of the
Page 221 and 222: This is the basic Langevin equation
Page 223 and 224: The fusion rate is calculated by th
Page 225 and 226: EQPET molecule must go back and con
Page 227 and 228: Introduction to Challenges and Summ
Page 229 and 230: notes that the common usage of the
Page 231 and 232: insufficient to allow us to reprodu
Page 233 and 234: in the early days of semiconductors
Page 235 and 236: Water In Acrylic Toppiece Gas Tube
Page 237 and 238: Much of this uncertainty would be r
Page 239 and 240: Figure 5. The effect of input power
Page 241 and 242: maximum values. From these values w
Page 243 and 244: considerably that they were enginee
Page 245 and 246: Technogies”, in 11th Internationa
Page 247 and 248: Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes:
Page 249 and 250: We propose that in this field of on
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Results A. Self-sustained voltage O
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Figure 6. Differential calorimeter
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Weight of Evidence for the Fleischm
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Figure 1. Multiple support for a hy
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P(D | T) = P(T | D) P(D) / P(T) = 0
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For more information about Bayesian
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positive is in the range 0.980 ± 0
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With the notation Emn = “m heads
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3.1. Selected papers Cravens and Le
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Table 3. P(Eif | Pf) Table 4. P(Ein
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Condensed Matter Nuclear Science”
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4. J. Breese and D. Koller, “Tuto
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Taking the nuclear origin of copiou
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The evolution of protoscience into
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References 1. Mosier-Boss, P.A., et
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Cold fusion (CF) is a potentially r
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ISCMNS has initiated a CF-dedicated
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Table 2. Current Methods and Propos
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For the CF/OSSc project, the ISCMNS
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ole of skeptical mainstream physici
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sized Pd and Pd alloy particles. Ap
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Honoring Pioneers For most fields o
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A&Z introduced new terms to describ
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The top portion of Fig. 3 shows plo
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Figure 7. New catalyst shows nano-P
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catalyst to outer vessel wall is 7
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Establishment of the “Solid Fusio
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Figure 1. Experimental Device Figur
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[The protocol for producing the ZrO
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Figure 5A. Comparison of generation
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Figure 6. Gas pressure characterist
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Note on Sources The Abstract is a r
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37. Arata Y, Zhang Y-C; Proc. Japan
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LENR Research using Co-Deposition S
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that the tritium production was spo
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 4. Images obtain
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SPAWAR Systems Center-Pacific Pd:D
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7. S. Szpak, P.A. Mosier-Boss, S.R.
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17. S. Szpak, P.A. Mosier-Boss, and
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Preparata Prize Acceptance Speech I
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Cold Fusion Country History Project
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2. “Condensed Matter Nuclear Scie
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need for a coordinated effort in ma
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Colloid J. USSR 48, 8(1986)). In 19
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scientists on the problem of Cold F
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Financial support for the conferenc
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Author Index Pages are in Volume 1
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Wang, J., 299 Watanabe, A., 338 Wei
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