Volume 2 - LENR-CANR

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photon of visible light hits a solid, initially electrons of the atoms of the solid are excited, and after this first step, the energy is decayed into heat. It is possible to take this energy away before its transformation into heat: in a photovoltaic cell. A solar cell is a diode with a large surface. When photons fall on the junction zone, certain atoms are excited, and electrons pass from a low energy level to a higher energy level. The photons are absorbed by the silicon atoms, it is why this material is dark. In a crystal of silicon, or in a black paint, the energy is converted into heat. In a silicon solar cell, or in a dyed organic solar cell, part of this energy is transformed into electric current. It appears a voltage between the poles of the cell. In our experiment, we tried to replace the light with fusion energy. Materials and Methods The following materials are used to make these devices: Palladium powder (Sigma) Gas Deuterium (Sigma) Silicon powder (Sigma) Other semiconductors (Sigma) Figure 1. Fusion cell We built our Fusion Diode by mixing palladium powder and semiconductor powder, in order to obtain a decreasing silicon gradient, and a increasing palladium gradient throughout the tube. This forms a zone of contact (junction) between the semiconductor and palladium. This zone of contact generates a very a large contact surface. Importantly it will be noticed that not only a voltage appears, but that this voltage is concentrated in a thin zone, the junction zone. If the junction thickness is 0.5 micrometer, and the voltage 0.5 volt, the field equals one million volts per meter. 697
We propose that in this field of one million volts per meter, the deuterium fusion reaction occurs. Our first diodes were made in glass tubes. At the base of these tubes (0.7 cm in diameter) is welded a platinum wire. Palladium powder is packed around this wire. The powder is then packed using a glass push rod. Finally a glass fibre stopper is put in place to retain the powder but allow the gas to flow. A copper connection passes through this stopper. The glass tube is then placed in a pressure vessel with an electrical connection. See Figure 2. The terminals of the diode are connected to a datalogger. This vessel is evacuated, and then filled with deuterium gas. Figure 2. First generation diode and pressure vessel 698
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Proceedings of the 14th Internation
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Table of Contents VOLUME 1 Preface
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Photon Measurements 326 Excess Heat
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Investigation of Deuteron-Deuteron
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Introduction to Cavitation Experime
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Bubble Driven Fusion Roger Stringha
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to the density of muon fusion syste
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4.184 Joules/calorie to give Qo. No
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References 1. M. P. Brenner, S. Hil
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Experiments on stimulation of cavit
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foil (thickness 0.1 mm) was situate
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the external surface of thick wall
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Introduction to Materials The outco
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the foils, and the effects of subse
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Material Science on Pd-D System to
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level required higher current compa
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morphology, and surface morphology
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Figure 11. Evolution of the input a
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Electrode Surface Morphology Charac
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fundamental peak; on the other hand
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RPSD@ max (x10 -32 m 4 ) 0.20 0.10
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2. V. Violante, F. Sarto, E.Castagn
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Experimental Starting with the meta
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Figure 3.1. A typical database reco
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palladium lot as received. Differen
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Condensed Matter “Cluster” Reac
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Loading Measurements A high-vacuum
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Reaction Rate Estimates An estimate
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References 1. Andrei Lipson, Brent
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Introduction to the Theory Papers P
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Foundations: Experimental Evidence,
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Such results are applicable to a wi
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electrostatic fields, that could ge
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Theory Papers 1. V. Adamenko & V.I.
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Figure 1. The general view and deta
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So with a high probability the unkn
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Potential energy of pair (without m
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the corresponding electron wave fun
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applicable in case of interaction o
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The expression in the exponent of (
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Empirical System Identification (ES
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esults of the previous sections to
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The higher the mass of a particle (
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The Hubbard model [18, 19], along w
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A B Figure 2. Atomic Arrangements o
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deuterons, their interaction is aff
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expected in D-D reactions is that w
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It is being argued that, while heav
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with odd permutations weighted by -
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20. C. Elsasser, K.M. Ho, C.T. Chan
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must have positive Bose Exchange sy
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these different statements that ref
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Fig.2 shows a pictorial representat
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(a) A Pictorial Representation of V
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esonance” can take place, in whic
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interior boundaries of the ordered
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Interface Model of Cold Fusion Talb
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D + Bloch "atom" sublayer, 3) epita
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sometimes stimulating an irreversib
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Toward an Explanation of Transmutat
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Given the well-established validity
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The next question is, therefore, if
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An Experimental Device to Test the
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Figure 1. Palladium/deuterium total
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Experimental Reaction enthalpies of
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10. J. Dufour, X. Dufour, D. Murat
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Together with the Coulomb-repulsion
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“The Coulomb Barrier not Static i
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2 16 2 gc 27 3 So, a solution for
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Moreover, we study the “nuclear e
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Then, according to the loading quan
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Having mapped that the -phase depen
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Considering the attractive force, d
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The expression (45) was partially e
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Table 1. Using the phase potential
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10. A.De Ninno et al. Europhysics L
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Fusion system still outperformed th
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Van der Waals attraction occurs at
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Quantum Fusion (QF) Quantum Fusion
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Energy exchange There is some exper
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of the weak coupling matrix element
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Figure 3. Energy levels that contri
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Input to Theory from Experiment in
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substrate, and excess heat is obser
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4. Laser stimulation Letts and Crav
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energetic particles are produced, o
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15. K. Kunimatsu, N. Hasegawa, A. K
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A Theoretical Formulation for Probl
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at some point we will require tools
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3. Matrix element example The appro
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Now the wavefunction on the RHS has
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Theory of Low-Energy Deuterium Fusi
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If mobile deuterons in a metal are
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allowed since [Z1/m1] = [Z2/m2], an
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traps (in 3g of Pd particles with a
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9. S.N. Bose, Z. Phys. 26, 178 (192
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system composed of host nuclei and
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A simple specific form of beff (p)
Page 197 and 198: Nuclear Transmutations in Polyethyl
Page 199 and 200: Furthermore, there are interesting
Page 201 and 202: The NT’s in phenanthrene [7] may
Page 203 and 204: explains why there is no neutron em
Page 205 and 206: T+T Fusion CrossSection (Barn) T+T
Page 207 and 208: science, the incident energy is so
Page 209 and 210: When the incident energy approaches
Page 211 and 212: 9. Chadwick, M. B., Oblozinsky, P.,
Page 213 and 214: He = Em C + m Cm + tmn (C + m Cm
Page 215 and 216: where k 2 = (2 Md Ea / ħ ) = Md 2
Page 217 and 218: y altering the shape of the Coulomb
Page 219 and 220: Analysis and Confirmation of the
Page 221 and 222: This is the basic Langevin equation
Page 223 and 224: The fusion rate is calculated by th
Page 225 and 226: EQPET molecule must go back and con
Page 227 and 228: Introduction to Challenges and Summ
Page 229 and 230: notes that the common usage of the
Page 231 and 232: insufficient to allow us to reprodu
Page 233 and 234: in the early days of semiconductors
Page 235 and 236: Water In Acrylic Toppiece Gas Tube
Page 237 and 238: Much of this uncertainty would be r
Page 239 and 240: Figure 5. The effect of input power
Page 241 and 242: maximum values. From these values w
Page 243 and 244: considerably that they were enginee
Page 245 and 246: Technogies”, in 11th Internationa
Page 247: Self-Polarisation of Fusion Diodes:
Page 251 and 252: Results A. Self-sustained voltage O
Page 253 and 254: Figure 6. Differential calorimeter
Page 255 and 256: Weight of Evidence for the Fleischm
Page 257 and 258: Figure 1. Multiple support for a hy
Page 259 and 260: P(D | T) = P(T | D) P(D) / P(T) = 0
Page 261 and 262: For more information about Bayesian
Page 263 and 264: positive is in the range 0.980 ± 0
Page 265 and 266: With the notation Emn = “m heads
Page 267 and 268: 3.1. Selected papers Cravens and Le
Page 269 and 270: Table 3. P(Eif | Pf) Table 4. P(Ein
Page 271 and 272: Condensed Matter Nuclear Science”
Page 273 and 274: 4. J. Breese and D. Koller, “Tuto
Page 275 and 276: Taking the nuclear origin of copiou
Page 277 and 278: The evolution of protoscience into
Page 279 and 280: References 1. Mosier-Boss, P.A., et
Page 281 and 282: Cold fusion (CF) is a potentially r
Page 283 and 284: ISCMNS has initiated a CF-dedicated
Page 285 and 286: Table 2. Current Methods and Propos
Page 287 and 288: For the CF/OSSc project, the ISCMNS
Page 289 and 290: ole of skeptical mainstream physici
Page 291 and 292: sized Pd and Pd alloy particles. Ap
Page 293 and 294: Honoring Pioneers For most fields o
Page 295 and 296: A&Z introduced new terms to describ
Page 297 and 298: The top portion of Fig. 3 shows plo
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Figure 7. New catalyst shows nano-P
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catalyst to outer vessel wall is 7
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Establishment of the “Solid Fusio
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Figure 1. Experimental Device Figur
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[The protocol for producing the ZrO
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Figure 5A. Comparison of generation
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Figure 6. Gas pressure characterist
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Note on Sources The Abstract is a r
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37. Arata Y, Zhang Y-C; Proc. Japan
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LENR Research using Co-Deposition S
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that the tritium production was spo
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 4. Images obtain
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SPAWAR Systems Center-Pacific Pd:D
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7. S. Szpak, P.A. Mosier-Boss, S.R.
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17. S. Szpak, P.A. Mosier-Boss, and
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Preparata Prize Acceptance Speech I
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Cold Fusion Country History Project
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2. “Condensed Matter Nuclear Scie
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need for a coordinated effort in ma
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Colloid J. USSR 48, 8(1986)). In 19
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scientists on the problem of Cold F
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Financial support for the conferenc
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Author Index Pages are in Volume 1
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Wang, J., 299 Watanabe, A., 338 Wei
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