Recidivism in Australia : findings and future research - Australian ...

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126 Recidivism in Australia: findings and future research (continued) Selected recidivism research 1995–2006 Publication year Title Key recidivism findings Comments Author The study analysed the recidivism of juveniles who: • were first convicted of a criminal offence in the Children’s Court on or after 1 October 1986 This report re-presented the results of a 1996 NSW study into the recidivism of offender appearing before the Children’s Court between 1986 and 1994. The key conclusions were: • 70% of the juvenile offenders were not reconvicted before the age of 18 years Cain M 1998 An analysis of juvenile recidivism, in Juvenile crime and juvenile justice: toward 2000 and beyond • had reached the age of 18 by 1994. Analysis revealed that: • males were more likely to be reconvicted • risk of reconviction increases with decreases in the age of first conviction • 15% of the juvenile offenders were reconvicted once only (one conviction subsequent to the first) • reconviction was higher where the first conviction was common assault, break and enter or motor vehicle theft • the remaining 15% were reconvicted on more than one occasion • 9% of juvenile offenders were responsible for almost one third of all juvenile convictions. • juveniles given a custodial sentence as the first sanction were more likely to be reconvicted • reconviction rates differed by region and court location. Analysis revealed that: • males were more likely than females to re-appear and re-appear earlier • juveniles given a supervised correctional order were more likely to reappear than those on non-supervised orders, or those with fines • there was no difference in the re-appearance rates by area of residence • those dealt with by a specialist Children’s Court were more likely to reappear. This study examined court appearance data from the NSW Children’s Court for a sample of 5,509 juvenile offenders who were convicted in the 1992–93 financial year. These offenders were followed up to 30 June 1997. Recidivism was defined as any subsequent conviction during this time. The results showed that: 1999 Recidivism among juvenile offenders: an analysis of times to reappearance in court Carcach C & Leverett S • 37% recorded at least one additional court appearance (but not necessarily a conviction) • the average time until a subsequent court appearance was 17.9 months
(continued) Selected recidivism research 1995–2006 Publication year Title Key recidivism findings Comments Author The source of the data used for estimating reoffending is not identified in this report, although it referenced the annual report of the Ministry of Justice. The adult estimates were lower than the 2000-01 estimates from the Report on government services. This report provided two estimates of reoffending: • 52% of juveniles offenders imprisoned will reoffend within two years of release • 31% of adult offenders imprisoned will reoffend within two years of release. 2000 Report of the Standing Committee on Estimates and Financial Operations in relation to the financial management of prisons 2001 Recidivism among Victorian juvenile justice clients 1997–2001 Western Australia. Parliament. Standing Committee on Estimates and Financial Operations Additional analysis of offender type revealed that: This study measured the reconviction of juvenile offenders within two years of completing a juvenile justice sanction (order). There were 1,527 juveniles in the study with the inclusion criterion that they were placed onto an order in the 1997–98 financial year. The study found that: Victoria. Department of Human Services • first time offenders (those whose index offence was their first recorded contact) were less likely to be re-convicted • male and female offenders were re-convicted at similar rates • younger offenders (by age at time of index offence) were more likely to be re-convicted • Indigenous offenders were more likely to be re-convicted. • 38% of the offenders had prior contact with the juvenile justice department • within one year of the index offence, 37% of juveniles were re-convicted at least once, increasing this increased to 49% after two years. Appendix A 127
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