Recidivism in Australia : findings and future research - Australian ...

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56 Recidivism in Australia: findings and future research (continued) Table 4: Australian research on adult prisoner recidivism Observation period Key findings Author Context/sample Data Quantification 43% reported a history of prior imprisonment. The average number of prior imprisonment episodes was 3 and the average time since the last imprisonment episode was 32 months. Observation period was retrospective for each prisoner’s lifetime. The observation will vary depending on the age of the prisoner. Self-report data Episode of imprisonment irrespective of offence type This study surveyed the female prisoner population in 2003. There were 470 adult female respondents. Johnson 2004. Drugs and crime: a study of incarcerated female offenders 38% of prisoners across Australia were reimprisoned within two years of their release. A further 7% of prisoners were retuned to other corrective services orders within two years – a total return rate of 45%. Observation period was consistent for all offenders – two years from being released from prison Episode of imprisonment or custodial supervision irrespective of offence type Corrective services data The report on government services examines the proportion of prisoners in each Australian state and territory who return to corrective services supervision within two years of their release from prison. The sample includes offenders who were released from prison into further non-custodial correctional supervision orders. SCRGS 2006. Report on government services 2005 68% of parolees reappeared in court, 64% were reconvicted and 41% were reimprisoned within two years of release. Observation period was consistent for all offenders – two years from being released from prison Episode of court appearance, conviction or imprisonment Court appearance data This study explored patterns of reoffending among 2,793 New South Wales offenders released to parole supervision in the 2001–02 financial year. Jones C et al. 2006 Risk of reoffending amongst parolees Court conviction data This study also showed that the risk of reoffending was increased for parolees who: had multiple prior imprisonment episodes; had at least one prior drug conviction; were younger; were Indigenous; and were given parole by the court rather than the parole authority.
(continued) Table 4: Australian research on adult prisoner recidivism Observation period Key findings Author Context/sample Data Quantification 74% of prisoners were reconvicted at least once within seven years of release. Around 25% were reconvicted within three months of release. 54% were reimprisoned at least once within seven years of release. Observation period was consistent for all offenders – seven years from being released from prison in 1985–1986 Court conviction data This study followed 838 adult offenders released from prison in Victoria between 1985 and 1986. Corrective services data Ross S & Guarnieri T 1996. Recidivism rates in a custodial population: the influence of criminal history, offence and gender factors The results suggested that approximately 40% of prisoners had returned to custody within the 9 months follow-up period. Homelessness and instability in family environment were significant contributors to increasing reimprisonment. Observation periods was consistent for all offenders – nine months after being released in 2001 or 2002 Episode of reimprisonment Self-report data Corrective services data This study examined postrelease reimprisonment among a sample of prisoners released from NSW and Victorian prisoners in 2001 or 2002. The study used a prospective self-report methodology by recontacting the prisoners and asking them to complete a survey. Reimprisonment was identified either through self-report or through observation, where the prisoner was back in prison at the time of the survey. The study’s primary aim was to examine the impact of post-release housing on the likelihood of reimprisonment Baldry E et al. 2006. Ex-prisoners, homelessness and the state in Australia Recidivism in Australia Estimates of the extent of reoffending showed that the median number of burglary offences committed per month was 8.7 for adults. Two measures were recorded: one was the number of times burglary was committed in the last free period before the current incarceration. The other was lifetime charges by police Self-report data Episode of offending – burglary offences This study used a self-reported offending methodology to examine the prevalence of pre-imprisonment custody among a sample of burglars imprisoned in NSW. Stevenson R & Forsythe L 1998. The stolen goods market in New South Wales: an interview study with imprisoned burglars 57
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Research and Public Policy Series N
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