Recidivism in Australia : findings and future research - Australian ...

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134 Recidivism in Australia: findings and future research (continued) Selected recidivism research 1995–2006 Publication year Title Key recidivism findings Comments Author This study was an evaluation of an intelligenceled, targeted policing operation conducted in the ACT. Operation Anchorage lasted four 16 weeks and targeted known, high volume property offenders, resulting in the apprehension of 232 offenders. The evaluation observed each episode of police arrest prior and subsequent to the first arrest during the operation (index offence). Measured as episodes of offending (daily arrest transactions) the study found that: Makkai T et al. 2004 ACT recidivist offenders • 77% of the offenders had at least one prior episode of arrest, and 18% had been arrested 15 or more times prior to the operation (accounting for 62% of all prior arrest episodes recorded by the sample) • 64% of the offenders were rearrested for at least one other episode after their index offence • the average number of free days to re-arrest was 311. This study relied on the retrospective analysis of official lifetime conviction history as a measure of repeat offending. This study examined the offending histories of 362 adult male offenders incarcerated for sexual offences against children in Queensland. Examining the retrospective lifetime conviction history, the study found that: 2004 Criminal diversity and paraphilic interests among adult males convicted of sexual offences against children Smallbone S & Wortley R Note that the sample consisted only of sex offenders. • 64% had at least one previous conviction • 19% had a previous conviction for a sex offence • 52% had a previous conviction for an offence other than a sex offence.
(continued) Selected recidivism research 1995–2006 Publication year Title Key recidivism findings Comments Author In this study reoffending was measured as: • the number of prior charges and convictions recorded for the offender prior to the index offence This study utilised both prospective and retrospective observation of the offending behaviour for a sample of 30 convicted child molesters. The prospective observation was for up to ten years after the index offence (child molestation conviction) and offending was measured as either the number of charges or convictions recorded by the courts. The results found that of the 30 child molesters: • 60% had at least one other charge by police prior to the index offence, and the average number of charges was 10 • 43% recorded at least one additional charge after the index offence and the average number of charges was 4 • 60% had at least one other conviction prior to the index offence and the average number of convictions was 7.6 • 37% recorded at least one additional conviction after the index offence and the average number of convictions was 4. Parkinson P et al. 2004 Nonsex offences committed by child molesters: findings from a longitudinal study • the number of charges and convictions recorded after the index offence. The index offence was defined as the child molestation conviction. This study is an interesting demonstration of the difference in reoffending estimates derived when different definitions (charge and conviction) are used. Appendix A 135
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