The North Seas Countries' Offshore Grid Initiative - Initial ... - Benelux

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A normal contingency is the (not unusual) loss of one of the following elements: generator, transmission circuit; transformer, shunt device (i.e. capacitors, reactors), etc. This is referred to as the N-1 contingency. The N-1 security criterion is satisfied if the network is within acceptable limits for expected transmission and supply situations as defined by the planning cases, following a temporary (or permanent) outage of one of the elements of the normal contingency list. A rare contingency is the (unusual) loss of one of the following elements: a line with two or more circuits on the same towers, a single busbar, a common mode failure with the loss of more than one generating unit or plant, etc. These contingencies are referred to as N-1-1, N-2 or N-G-1 contingencies, amongst others. An out-of-range contingency includes the (very unusual) loss of one of the following: two lines or generation units independently and simultaneously, a total substation with more than one busbar. If the network is outside of acceptable limits in response to the abovementioned contingencies for expected transmission and supply situations, then reinforcement of the grid is planned. These measures can include, but are not limited to, the following: Reinforcement of overhead circuits to increase their capacity (e.g. increased distance to ground, replacing of circuits); Duplication of cables to increase rating; Replacing of network equipment or reinforcement of substations (e.g. based on short-circuit rating); Extension of substations and construction of new ones; Installation of reactive-power compensation equipment (e.g. capacitor banks); Addition of network equipment to control the active power flow (e.g. phase shifter, series compensation devices); Additional transformer capacities; or Construction of new circuits (overhead and cable). Initial assessment and detailed grid expansion were then benchmarked against each other and further fine-tuned. No dynamic investigations have been carried out. Finally, the Market modelling II step assessing a Cost-Benefit Analysis was carried out. Page7-15
A 2 NSCOGI reference scenario – details by country Details by country Installed capacities by country in the years 2020 (Scenario EU2020) and 2030 (NSCOGI Reference scenario) Fuel mix in the years 2020 (Scenario EU2020) and 2030 (NSCOGI Reference scenario, both Radial and Meshed design) Annual load Development of the 10 countries’ 1. Belgium 2. Denmark 3. France 4. Germany 5. Great Britain 6. Ireland 7. Luxembourg 8. Northern Ireland 9. The Netherlands 10. Norway 11. Sweden 12. Total NSCOGI perimeter Page7-16
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The North Seas Countries’ Offshor
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5.1.5 Comparison of Costs and Calcu
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Executive Summary Recognising the i
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Approach adopted The process adopte
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Figure 0-3 Comparison of installed
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Figure 0-6 Meshed Grid Design for 2
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1 Background and Context (Programme
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1.1.2 Statement of Aims and Objecti
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Scope The information contained wit
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facilities using other primary reso
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The results of this study compare t
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1.1.7 Scenario based planning and T
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2 Methodology Overview 2.1 Overview
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2.3 Market Modelling I System Adequ
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3 Development of the 2030 Hypothesi
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In the use of data it is important
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than a best view approach. A scenar
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3.4 Assumptions In addition to the
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Figure 3-6TYNDP Projects 2012 - 201
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References. All other generation /
Page 41 and 42: meets some portion of its demand us
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4-4 Import/Export Balance as
Page 45 and 46: 5 Grid designs 5.1 Grid Configurati
Page 47 and 48: Figure 5-1 Radial Grid Design for 2
Page 49 and 50: 5.1.1 Statistics for Grid Design Op
Page 51 and 52: 5.1.2 Investment Costs for Grid Des
Page 53 and 54: CAPEX [€'m] 14,000 12,000 10,000
Page 55 and 56: CAPEX [€'m] 35,000 30,000 25,000
Page 57 and 58: 5.1.4.1 Annual Production Cost Savi
Page 59 and 60: increased interconnection, coal-fir
Page 61 and 62: There is a large increase in gross
Page 63 and 64: The costs and the benefits for the
Page 65 and 66: Figure 5-16 : Map of OWP locations
Page 67 and 68: Figure 5-18 : Map of meshed grid de
Page 69 and 70: To provide an indication of total c
Page 71 and 72: 6 Conclusions and Outlook 6.1 Discu
Page 73 and 74: Going forward, additional scenarios
Page 75 and 76: Therefore, if future targets are li
Page 77 and 78: Continuing this initiative will hel
Page 79 and 80: A 1 Detailed Description of Methodo
Page 81 and 82: Figure 7-2 High level Process overv
Page 83 and 84: In particular, PEMMDB generation an
Page 85 and 86: A 1.3 Grid Expansion Approach (Grid
Page 87 and 88: Table 7-1: Summary of the Model Par
Page 89 and 90: Technology choices that were consid
Page 91: configurations that typically consi
Page 95 and 96: A 2.2 Details by country- Belgium I
Page 97 and 98: A 2.4 Details by country- France In
Page 99 and 100: A 2.6 Details by country- Great Bri
Page 101 and 102: A 2.8 Details by country- Luxembour
Page 103 and 104: A 2.10 Details by country- Netherla
Page 105 and 106: A 2.12 Details by country- Sweden I
Page 107 and 108: A 3 Country specific comments The f
Page 109 and 110: to the Netherlands are much lower,
Page 111 and 112: A 3.2 Country-specific comments - D
Page 113 and 114: For the meshed design, only the int
Page 115 and 116: Interconnectors The total France -
Page 117 and 118: The main RES+ Scenario challenge fo
Page 119 and 120: connected directly to the shore. On
Page 121 and 122: A 3.5 Country-specific comments - G
Page 123 and 124: RES+ commentary The RES+ sensitivit
Page 125 and 126: Table 7-6 Offshore Generation level
Page 127 and 128: A 3.7 Country-specific comments - L
Page 129 and 130: There are no overloads on the cross
Page 131 and 132: Table 7-7 Bottlenecks in the Dutch
Page 133 and 134: Interconnectors The radial design i
Page 135 and 136: In the meshed design the connection
Page 137 and 138: A 5 Abbreviations ACER Agency for t
Page 139 and 140: A 6 List of References Background M
Page 141 and 142: National (Grid) Development Plans [
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