FEMA P-499: Home Builder's Guide to Coastal Construction

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7 ROOFING 2. Consider shingle physical properties. 2 of 3 12/10 Properties Design Wind Speed 1 >90 to 120 mph Design Wind Speed 1 >120 mph Fastener Pull-Through 2 Resistance Minimum Recommended 25 lb at 73 degrees Fahrenheit (F) Minimum Recommended 30 lb 1. Design wind speed based on 3-second peak gust. 2. ASTM D 3462 specifies a minimum fastener pull-through resistance of 20 lb at 73º F. If a higher resistance is desired, it must be specified. 3. Ensure that the fastening equipment and method results in properly driven roofing nails for maximum blow-off resistance. The minimum required bond strength must be specified (see Wind-Resistance Ratings, below). Shingle Type Standard Characteristics Organic-Reinforced ASTM D 225 Fiberglass-Reinforced ASTM D 3462 SBS Modified Bitumen A standard does not exist for this product. It is recommended that SBS Modified Bitumen Shingles meet the physical properties specified in ASTM 3462. Relatively high fastener pull-through resistance Considerable variation in fastener pullthrough resistance offered by different product Because of the flexibility imparted by the SBS polymers, this type of shingle is less likely to tear if the tabs are lifted in a windstorm. Fastener Guidelines n Use roofing nails that extend through the underside of the roof sheathing, or a minimum of 3/4 inch into planking. n Use roofing nails instead of staples. n Use stainless steel nails when building within 3,000 feet of saltwater. Top Layer of Shingles Remainaing Shingles, Underlayment, and Roof Deck “The Good, the bad, and the ugly” – Properly driving roofing nails. Weathering and Durability Durability ratings are relative and are not standardized among manufacturers. However, selecting a shingle with a longer warranty (e.g., 30-year instead of 20-year) should provide greater durability in coastal climates and elsewhere. Organic-reinforced shingles are generally more resistant to tab tear-off but tend to degrade faster in warm climates. Use fiberglass-reinforced shingles in warm coastal climates and consider organic shingles only in cool coastal climates. Modified bitumen shingles may also be considered for improved tear-off resistance of tabs. Organic-reinforced shingles have limited fire resistance – verify compliance with code and avoid using in areas prone to wildfires. 7.3: ASPHALT SHINGLE ROOFING FOR HIGH WIND REGIONS HOME BUILDER’S GUIDE TO COASTAL CONSTRUCTION
After the shingles have been exposed to sufficient sunshine to activate the sealant, inspect roofing to ensure that the tabs have sealed. Also, shingles should be of “interlocking” type if seal strips are not present. Wind-Resistance Ratings Wind resistance determined by test methods ASTM D 3161 and UL 997 does not provide adequate information regarding the wind performance of shingles, even when shingles are tested at the highest fan speed prescribed in the standard. Rather than rely Developed in association with the National Association of Home Builders Research Center 7.3: ASPHALT SHINGLE ROOFING FOR HIGH WIND REGIONS HOME BUILDER’S GUIDE TO COASTAL CONSTRUCTION on D 3161 or UL 997 test data, wind resistance of shingles should be determined in accordance with UL 2390. Shingles that have been evaluated in accordance with UL 2390 have a Class D (90 mph), G (120 mph), or H (150 mph) rating. Select shingles that have a class rating equal to or greater than the basic wind speed specified in the building code. If the building is sited in Exposure D, or is greater than 60 feet tall, or is a Category III or IV, or is sited on an abrupt change in topography (such as an isolated hill, ridge, or escarpment), consult the shingle manufacturer. (Note: for definitions of Exposure D and Category III and IV, refer to ASCE 7.) 3 of 3 12/10 ROOFING 7
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Home Builder’s Guide to Coastal C
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G GUIDE 2 of 6 12/10 Fact Sheet No.
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G GUIDE 4 of 6 12/10 Fact Sheet No.
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G GUIDE 6 of 6 12/10 Category Categ
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1 GENERAL What Should Owners and Ho
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Summary of Coastal Construction Req
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Foundation Orientation of Lowest Ho
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Certification Elevation NFIP 60.3(b
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Coastal Construction Requirements a
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Coastal Construction Requirements a
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Using a Digital Flood Insurance Rat
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Sample DFIRM This map is a portion
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Lowest Floor Elevation HOME BUILDER
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V Zone Design and Construction Cert
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Designing for Flood Levels Above th
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FIRMs depict the limits of flooding
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Figure 6. Mold and biological/chemi
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Other Considerations As previously
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Coastal Building Materials HOME BUI
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Location of Material Use Name of Ma
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n Metal-plate-connected trusses sho
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Non-Traditional Building Materials
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Things to consider if building with
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Figure 5. An example of a wall cavi
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Moisture Barrier Systems HOME BUILD
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How Do Siting and Design Decisions
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Selecting a Lot and Siting the Buil
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Foundations in Coastal Areas HOME B
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prohibited in V Zones but are recom
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3 FOUNDATIONS Table 1. Example foun
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3 FOUNDATIONS Additional Resources
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3 FOUNDATIONS 2 of 6 12/10 Figure 2
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3 FOUNDATIONS 4 of 6 12/10 Figure 4
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3 FOUNDATIONS Additional Resources
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3 FOUNDATIONS Piers vs. Piles Pier
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HOME BUILDER’S GUIDE TO COASTAL C
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If a stemwall and floor slab system
Page 80 and 81: 4 LOAD PATHS If a connection fails,
Page 82 and 83: 4 LOAD PATHS Gable end wall - cut c
Page 85 and 86: Use of Connectors and Brackets HOME
Page 87 and 88: Important These are examples of typ
Page 89 and 90: Housewrap HOME BUILDER’S GUIDE TO
Page 91: n Improper integration with flashin
Page 94 and 95: 5 WALL SYSTEMS 2 of 3 12/10 Figure
Page 97 and 98: Siding Installation in High-Wind Re
Page 99 and 100: n Use aluminum, galvanized steel, o
Page 101 and 102: Figure 8b. Wood siding installation
Page 103 and 104: Energy Conservation and Air Barrier
Page 105 and 106: Attachment of Brick Veneer in High-
Page 107 and 108: Construction Guidance The brick ven
Page 109: Table 1. Brick Veneer Tie Spacing N
Page 112 and 113: 6 OPENINGS Although not discussed i
Page 115 and 116: Protection of Openings- Shutters an
Page 117 and 118: What Types of Shutters Are Availabl
Page 119 and 120: Are There Special Requirements for
Page 121 and 122: Roof Sheathing Installation HOME BU
Page 123: Common Sheathing Attachment Mistake
Page 126 and 127: 7 ROOFING 5. Apply a single layer o
Page 129: Asphalt Shingle Roofing for High Wi
Page 134 and 135: 7 ROOFING Design and Construction G
Page 137 and 138: Minimizing Water Intrusion Through
Page 139 and 140: Checking Soffit Material Installati
Page 141 and 142: Figure 8. This metal ridge vent was
Page 143 and 144: Gable Rake Vents Key Issues n Gable
Page 145 and 146: Metal Roof Systems in High-Wind Reg
Page 147 and 148: Construction Guidance n Consult loc
Page 149: Additional Resources For general in
Page 152 and 153: 8 ATTACHMENTS Space Below the BFE
Page 154 and 155: 8 ATTACHMENTS n Siding used on the
Page 157 and 158: Decks, Pools, and Accessory Structu
Page 159 and 160: uildings. Pools can be designed to
Page 161 and 162: Purpose: To identify the special co
Page 163: Fuel n Fuel tanks should be install
Page 166 and 167: 9 REPAIRS n Pre-FIRM or post-FIRM b
Page 168 and 169: 9 REPAIRS n If a lateral addition c
Page 170 and 171: 9 REPAIRS Enclosures of Areas Below
Page 173 and 174: Repairs, Remodeling, Additions, and
Page 175 and 176: Vertical additions may also impose
Page 177 and 178: n Soffits should be inspected follo
Page 179 and 180: References and Resources HOME BUILD
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FEMA. NFIP Technical Bulletin 5-08,
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FEMA P-499: Home Builder's Guide to Coastal Construction

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