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Larvae, legless with powerful mandibles, stoat tnorax, tunnel, feed inside wood. Dorsal plate on each segment. Pupate in tunnel after 3 months to 3 years, according to seasons, localities and species. About 15,000 species known, more than 1.200 in the Indian region, about 25 recorded in Maharashtra, M. crenata. Brown, antennae and legs reddish, a pair of depressed triangles on thorax, 2 spots in front and bands behind. L. 37-52 mm. Attacks Tamarind, Bombax, Eucalyptus etc. P. sanguinolentus. Black, two red or yellow bands on elytra, prothorax with a spine. L. 12-21 mm. Pachyteria fasciata. Metallic blue, part of antennae, a band on elytra yellow. L. 24-29 mm. X. subeutalatus. Dark brown, pubescent, prothorax with a black band and spots, irregular bands on elytra. L. 10-17 mm. B. rubus. Big, yellowish, elongate with orange spots, a spine on each side of thorax. L. 55-65 mm. Larva 70-80 mm. bores into mango, tamarind and such other trees. C. sea- brata. Grey or yellow, wavy orange bends on elytra, black bands on antennae. L, 25-35 mm. Generally on Casuarina, mulberry etc. O. bilobus. Brown, white spots on elytra, pest on fig. A. pertigera. Small 10-12 mm. Brownish with white irregular patches, attacks cucurbits. G. spilota. Head and thorax black, elvtra reddish, tip black. Black areas banded white. L. 10-12 mm. Pest on Bombax. M. nivosus. Blackish brown, velvety, big white patch on elytra. L. 23-28 mm. In Akh —Rui (Caloiropis). Fam. Chrysomclidae.. (PI, V, Fig. 76). Rather small, brightly coloured, smooth with simple legs. Almost all plant pests feeding mostly on leaves. Divided into a number of groups of similar habiis. Life history differs in dliferent groups. About 26,000 species known so far, less than 3,000 in the Indian region. Maharashtra records about 150. S, femorata. Metallic blue or green, depressed at base of elytra, legs toothed. L. 16-20 mm. Feeds on Doliehos, Fabia etc. Lema spp, breed in grasses and plants. Yellow and black, L. 4-6 mm. L, flavimana, legs robust, elytra violet blue. L. subiridea purplish. C. impressa yellowish, black or deep brown beneath with silver patches. L. 7-10 mm. Feed on Ficus spp. and flowers of Callicarpa, Dioscorea etc. C. palliata. Yellowish, FAUNA 494
antennae, legs black, black spots on elytra. L. 12-15 mm. Cosmopolitan. Cryptocephalus spp. Yellow and black with spots and bands of various types, a few reddish. L. 2-5 mm. Nodina spp. Greenish, antennae, legs yellowish, black beneath, elongate. L, 1-2 mm. Pagria spp. Black or brownish, antennae yellowish, yellowish spots on elytra. L. 2-4 mm. One species brown. Callisina spp. Shining black, 2 rectangular, 2 elongate spots. L. 4- 5 mm. Colasposoma spp Metallic blue or violet, L. 6-8 mm. C. orna- tum. Coppery, blui-h bands and borders to elytra. Tricliona spp. Various colours, mostly yellow and black or brown or red. L. 3-5 mm. FAUNA 495
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FAUNA 1
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MAHARASHTRA STATE GAZETTEERS GENERA
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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS SHRI V. C. AMB
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I am very much thankful to all the
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draft their parts on the same lines
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Revenue Districts, divided broadly
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ainfall of only about 50 cm on an a
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The second factor is of vital impor
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8. Wonders of wild life.—It would
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to be disturbed by the destruction
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man-eating tigers appear .... Of la
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thus be clear that the odds are hea
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conserving any given species, and t
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sea also and, therefore, both these
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Class : ELASMOBRA NCHII Sub class :
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12 Scoliodon ceylonensis Setna and
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27 Sphyrna blochii (Cuvier) = Day :
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(Forskal). = Day : Trygon uarnak 40
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Muller and Henle. = Day : Rhinopter
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Serial No. = Day : Clupea fimbriata
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usselliana. herring. 81 Nematalosa
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Family: Synodidae 95 Harpodon neher
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Order: ANGUILLIFORMES Family : Mura
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127 Ophichthys apicalis (Bennet) Or
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= Day : Exocoetus altipennis. 142 C
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Comman Eel (Marathi : Vam ) (Muraen
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150 Holocentrus rubrum (Forskal) =
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(Shaw) = Day : Polynemus indicus 16
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= Day : Serranus sonnerati. 181 Epi
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196 Decapterus russellii (Ruppell)
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213 Seriola nigrofasciatus (Ruppell
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Seria l No. Scientific name Popular
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238 Leiognathus lincolatus (Valenci
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(Cuvier) = Day : Diagramma crassisp
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= Day : Sciaena dussumieri. 260 Sci
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= Day : Upeneoides sulphureus. 279
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294 Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus.
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313 Fissilabrus dimidiatus (Valenci
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327 Eupleurogrammus muticus (Gray)
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1 Silver Pomfret ( Marathi : Sarang
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Cull pencil fish. Family : Stromate
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364 Bathygobius fuscus (Ruppell) 36
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379 Pseudorhombus arsius (Hamilton)
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macrolepidotus (Bieeker) = Pay : Cy
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= Day : Balistis mitis. 411 Diodon
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Sharks are of considerable commerci
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Son mushi-Dog fish (Scoliodon sorra
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are not active swimmers like sharks
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species. Members of this group are
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Both these species can be considere
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Khajura, Jitoda or Bekti-Cock-up (L
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dangerous wounds. They mostly inhab
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the sea with fins folded, then spre
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sovereign remedy for the bite of a
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Dara—Monk fish or giant threadfin
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Threadfins are characterised by the
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1 Pivla Hekru—Yellow grouper (Epi
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Though most of die members do not g
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after death. It is essentially algi
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Ratnagiri coast, when large catches
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Kalundar— Pearl spot (Etroplus su
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(32) SCORPION FISHES The family Sco
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sucker-fish, on the other hand, der
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The dragonets belonging to the fami
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(42) OCEAN SUN FISH The two species
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Tilapia (Tilapia mossambica) (Peteb
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Family : Cyprinidae Sub-family : Ab
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22 Perilampus atpar (Hamilton.) = D
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= Day : Barbus cosuatis. 38 Puntius
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60 Catla catla (Hamilton- Buchanan)
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81 Schismatorhynchus (Nukta) nukta
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97 Nemacheilus botia (Hamilton) = D
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115 Silonia childrenii (Sykes) = Da
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129 Mystus malabaricus (Jerdon) = D
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lineatus (Cuvier and Valencienners)
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154 Ambassidae baculis (Hamilton- B
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armatus (Lacepede) = Day : Mastacem
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(3) CHILWAS (ChelaorOxygaster spp.)
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second year of its life and breeds
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They attain sexual maturity when th
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Schilbeid fishes known as 'Valanj'
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capillaries are distributed over th
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water and destroy the mosquito larv
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Giant Gourami :The Gourami (Osphron
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case of danger, the young ones also
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authors’ names in parentheses. Th
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Stomatopoda — Chhapgar, B. F. & S
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One form is the jelly-fish or umbre
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Order Narcomedusae Family Aeginidae
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*Names of hosts are those given by
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Bowerbankia imbricataAdams Order Ch
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The class Myzostomida is a very pri
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Lysidice collarisGrube Subfamily On
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are gathered and used for hatching
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The Stomatopoda (e.g. Squilla) have
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Ergasilus polynemiRedkar, Rangnekar
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Family Chondracanthinae Genus Chond
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Nerocila phaeopleuraBleeker (onHist
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Subfamily Penaeinae Genus Penaeus F
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Leander potamiscusKemp Family Palin
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Brachyur Tribe Dromiacea Subtribe D
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Cryptopodia angulata Milne-Edwards
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Xenophthalmus pinnotheroides White
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Pelecypoda This class includes the
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Gibbula swainsonii(Ad.) Genus Calli
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Family Potamididae Genus Potamides
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GenusEunaticinaFischer Eunaticinapo
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Pyrene scripta(Lam.) Pyrene marques
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Mitra amphorella FamilyHarpidae Gen
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GenusPyrunculus Pyrunculus pellyi(S
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FamilyAnomiidae GenusAnomiaLinnaeus
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Petricola bipartitaDesh. GenusMactr
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Solen linearisSpg. FamilyAloididae
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Class Crinoidea Usually stalked, th
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FAUNA 229
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FAUNA 231
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FAUNA 233
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FAUNA 235
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FAUNA 237
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There are two types of development
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Serial Scientific name No. INSECT F
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16. C. olivaceum auranticum Fr. 17.
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ORDER ORTHOPTERA Fam. Acridiidae (S
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44. Cyrtacanthacris (Patanga) succi
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1. Diplatys lefroyi Bur. 1. Psalis
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24. Corydia ornata Sauss. 25. Trich
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Order Siphunculata—Anoplura (Suck
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24 Hilavrita discolorata Dist. 25 S
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21 Empoasca devastans Dist. 22 Typh
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11 A. (Chrysomphalus) aurantii Mask
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19. Macroscytus expansus Sign, 20.
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73. nugriventris Westw 74. fuscus W
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13. Ischnodemus crebus Dist, 14. Is
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1. Eugubinus araneus Dist. 2. Bagau
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53. Nagusta macroloba Berg. 54. Pol
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1. Aeolothrips fasciatus Linn. Fam.
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3. Danaus limniace Cr. V. mutina (T
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29. Cynthia erota (Fab.) (The Cruis
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40. S. lohita M. and S. 1. lazulari
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14. C. amata F. (The Small Salmon A
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2. Amata cyssia Stoll. 3. Amata ext
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5. A. (Chariclea) marginalis Wlk. 6
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59. Tarache upsilon Wlk. 60. Tarach
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115. E. nugatrix Guen. 116. E. apic
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169. O. (Parallelia) algira L. 170.
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223. P. orichalcea F. 224. P. agram
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10. Lymantria incerta Wlk. 11. Lyma
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10. Sangatessa subcurvifera Wlk. 1.
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43. C. fibulata Guen. 44. C. actuar
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1. Clania crameri Westw. Fam. Psych
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8. Surattha invectalis Wlk. 9. Ancy
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62. Bradina admixtalis Wlk. 63. Sco
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116. Lepyrodes geometralis Guen. 11
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18. Anarsia ephippias Meyr 19. Mela
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3. Maniconeura indica Mart. Order :
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2. Simulium auriohirtum Brun. 1. Be
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13. Bombylius wulpi Brun. 14. Bomby
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2. Agromyza phaseoli 3. C. Ophiomyi
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5. M. vetustissima Wlk. 6. M. ventr
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8. Metopius pulehripes Cam. 9. Meto
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2. Hedychridium rugosum Sm. 3. Chry
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15. M. arenaria Fab. 16. M. nudicep
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32. Sima rufonigra Jer. 33. Sima ni
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86. Tapinoma indicum For. 87. Bothr
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8. E. arcuata F. 9. Rhynchium brunn
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21. A. brevipennis Bing. 22. A. api
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1. Halictus sonescens Sm. 2. H. tor
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25. A.ordinatum Sm. 26. A.rasorium
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Fam. Carabidae (Predaceous ground b
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3. C. lineatus F. 4. C. sugillatus
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7. P. suavis Wasm. 8. P. denticulat
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3. Hister chinensis Quen, 4. Hister
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1. Anthrenus vorax Wat, 2. Anthrenu
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2. Rhytinota insidiosa Frm, 3. Rhyt
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6. Pogonopus argentifer Westw. 7. P
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56. A. andrewesi Oh. 57. A. decanus
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109. O. ephippioderus Arr 110. O. s
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3. Lema subiridea Jac. 4. L. downes
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57. Aulacophora foveicollis (Luc.)
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111. Dactylispa filiola Weis. 112.
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1. Blosyrus inequalis Boh. 2. Blosy
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SHORT NOTES ON ORDERS, FAMILIES AND
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pterygota—winged or secondarily a
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27 mm. H.W. 17 mm. Blue. Blue spots
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mm. H.W. 22-23 mm. Thorax bluish, l
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Sub-family Acridinae. Subaquatic, s
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and Goa forests. Nymphs green, ante
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ORDER PHASMIDA (LEAF AND STICK INSE
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gently curved in and blunt at end w
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mating. Vary in form. Get completel
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Swarm in the morning with first mon
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ORDER SIPHUNCULATA, ANOPLURA, SUCKI
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E. tomentosa. short, oblong, greeni
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Fam. Jassidae (Jassids) ( तुर
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Peal H. W. (1903) J. Asi. Soc. Beng
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together, mostly on plants. Some sp
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membrane brownish or yellowish. L.
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3 mm. On green plants. B. gilbbus.
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Fam. Reduviidae. (Assassin bugs) (
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Fam. Anthocoridae. Similar to Capsi
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yellow, metallic bluish or greenish
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earth. Larva with large flat head,
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Pupates in a safe place, till which
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purple gloss, blue bands and spots
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Exp. 55-70 mm. Common migrant. A. h
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mm. L. puspa. Violet blue, black ma
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dark border. Female paler. Below br
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apex. Exp. 50-70 mm. C. calais. Pin
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forewing a broad band at base 3 elo
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yellow with black bands, dark spots
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(Tobacco caterpillar) (तुर)
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spot in centre, broad black border.
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Larvae green semiloopers, speckled
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own, short black lines on sides, ye
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procera and P, raya. Brown, black b
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wings with eye spots. Almost all pu
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vegetable matter interwoven by silk
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spiny protuberances and 4 white pat
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Nephoteryx spp. Straw coloured, sli
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Ficus. G, bicolor. Black brown mark
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T. zizyphi. Moth small, brown. Larv
Page 443 and 444: Order Diptera. Flies ( श्या
Page 445 and 446: Life cycle lasts 15-20 days general
Page 447 and 448: Fam. Ceratopogonidae (Biting midges
Page 449 and 450: Igatpuri. O. octomaculatus. Thorax
Page 451 and 452: with 4 protuberances. Adults common
Page 453 and 454: Munro H. K. (1934) Rec. Ind. Mus. 3
Page 455 and 456: (1920-22) Ind. J. Med. Research 8 a
Page 457 and 458: Fam. Nycteribiidae ( व गळ श
Page 459 and 460: cruciferous crops. A, proxmia ( क
Page 461 and 462: Fam. Evanidae.. (PI. IV Fig. 51). V
Page 463 and 464: and mates with her. Preys on other
Page 465 and 466: abdomen as if for slinging and ther
Page 467 and 468: Oecophylla but abdomen massive. Som
Page 469 and 470: See Cretin (1909) J. Bom. Nat. Hist
Page 471 and 472: eeds, cane holes of furniture etc.
Page 473 and 474: sonescens. Black or brownish, white
Page 475 and 476: Galleria melonella L. feed on wax.
Page 477 and 478: spots and lines, generally legs lon
Page 479 and 480: species described less than 50 In t
Page 481 and 482: Fam, Histeridae. Compact, hard, shi
Page 483 and 484: Fam. Meloidae (Blister beetles) (PI
Page 485 and 486: Anthrenus spp. attack woolens, carp
Page 487 and 488: Fam. Coccirtellidae ( किडा
Page 489 and 490: P. fur. A museum pest. A. panicea i
Page 491 and 492: lines. L. 16-24 mm. Pest on paddy r
Page 493: large pits. L. 4-6 mm. Onitis spp.
Page 497 and 498: Hispa group. Agriculturally importa
Page 499 and 500: See : Fletcher T. B. (1919) Rep. Pr
Page 501 and 502: compact, red, velvety, 6 spots on t
Page 503 and 504: Fig ! Plate I FAUNA 503
Page 505 and 506: FAUNA 505
Page 507 and 508: Plate V FAUNA 507
Page 509 and 510: family of spiders, Liphisiidae, in
Page 511 and 512: 16.filistata pconaensisTikader Fami
Page 513 and 514: 75.Monaeses parvatiTikader 76.Thana
Page 515 and 516: In spiders of the family Oecobiidae
Page 517 and 518: supports for the legs. The web is s
Page 519 and 520: Spiders of the family Hersillidae h
Page 521 and 522: In the genus Runcinia, the cephalot
Page 523 and 524: expands into a sheet-like or funnel
Page 525 and 526: CHAPTER 5 — BIRDS Theavifauna of
Page 527 and 528: Night Heron(Nycticorax nycticorax)
Page 529 and 530: Family .. Falconidae Booted Hawk-Ea
Page 531 and 532: Order-8 .. Gruiformes Family .. Tur
Page 533 and 534: Whimbrel(Numenius phaeopus) Curlew(
Page 535 and 536: Gullbilled Tern(Gelochelidon niloti
Page 537 and 538: Drongo Cuckoo(Surniculus lugubris)
Page 539 and 540: Family .. Meropidae European Bee-ea
Page 541 and 542: Dusky Crag Martin(Hirundo concolor)
Page 543 and 544: Goldfronted Chloropsis(Chloropsis a
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stentoreus) Blyth's Reed Warbler(Ac
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Brown Rock Pipit(Anthus similis) Fo
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it is an expert diver and disappear
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with the exception of the bittern (
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species, the female is considerably
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The red junglefowl (Gallus gallus),
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species of this Order recorded in I
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constantly bobs its body up and dow
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prominent white and black stripe th
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The Painted Sandgrouse Pterocles in
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(12) Order Cuculiformes.—This Ord
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has been recorded from Khandesh but
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Their distribution is discontinuous
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Family Bucerotidae: There are about
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(19) Order Passeriformes.—This Or
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The Redrumped or Striated Swallow (
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Family Sturnidae: This is a very la
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The Scarlet Minivet (Pericrocotus f
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ecorded from Ahmednagar and Sholapu
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The Indian Robin (Saxicoloides fuli
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The forest Wagtail (Motacilla indic
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Loten's Sunbird (Nectarina lotenia)
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The Spotted Munia (Lonchura punctul
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Introduction CHAPTER 6—MAMMALS Ma
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(8)Rhinopoma microphyllum(Brunnich
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Order Carnivora Kassoli mangar, Kha
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(57) Axis axis axis (Erxleben, 1777
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(85) Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeu
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distinguished from the almost simil
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colour phases, a dark type in humid
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Slender lorisLoris tardigradus,thou
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The Family Viverridae, Civets and m
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The Artiodactyla is represented by
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Deccan above Krishna River. They ar
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The call which has a ventriloquisti
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The Bandicoot Bandicota indica, is
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Introduction CHAPTER 7—REPTILES T
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Hemidactylus brookiGray .. .. House
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& Hardwicke Liopeltis calamaria(Gun
Page 623 and 624:
Hydrophis caerulescens(Shaw) Hydrop
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turtles and is said to be particula
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Geckos, Cyrtodactylus dekkanensis (
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Ghats. This species is easily disti
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occur in Vidarbha,Ophisops jerdoniB
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python by the presence of small sca
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Striated Wolf SnakeLycodon striatus
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speciesGerardia prevostianaandEnhyd
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seasnakes. They feed on fish, some
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CHAPTER 8—AMPHIBIA The amphibians
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9. Ramanella montana (Jerdon). Fami
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Maharashtra. The genusMicrohylais r
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lack flanks and ventrally white, un
Page 649 and 650:
Figure FAUNA 649
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CHAPTER 9—LAND AND FRESHWATER INV
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Parasites in the guts of ungulate m
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Family : Ophryoglenidae. 16. Ophryo
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Locality : Bombay 24. Oxytricha sp.
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In this class cilia are present in
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2. Spongilla alba var. bengalensis
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Locality : Igatpuri Lake ; the Rive
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2. Tlie Filaria Worm Wuchereria bon
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13. Pheretima houlleti (E. Perrier)
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Locality : Bombay. Genus : Eudrilus
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Class : Crustacea. Sub-class : Bran
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This is one of the largest and fatt
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are secured. Some of the species li
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Shell elcvatedly conical, thin, gre
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Locality : Nagpur, Poona, Yenna Riv
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A thin conoidly ovate shell with th
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Subcylindrical apex, shell striped,
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Aperture large, oblong. 45. Succine
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Locality : Khandala (Western Ghats
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Amphibia Bufonidae; Caecilidae; Mic
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Laniidae ; Laridae ; Meropidae ; Mo
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Hemirhamphidae ; Holocentridae ; Ho
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Amathusiidae ; Andrenidae ; Anobiid
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Henicocephalidae ; Hepialidae ; Hes
Page 699 and 700:
Sphingidae ; Staphylinidae ; Stepha
Page 701 and 702:
Cercopithicidae ; Cervidae ; Emball
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Arcidae ; Arenicolidae ; Dromiidae
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Laomediidae ; Laternulidae ; Lernae
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Tellinidae ; Temnopleuridae ; Temor
Page 709 and 710:
Sponge Tiger Pistol Shrimp Gastrpod
Page 711:
Bivalve Cardita Antiquata Bivalve_G
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