Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions from Manufacturing

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a plant had a use for it, heat could be recovered. (In fact, a waste
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heat boiler can be used t o generate steam, generally with a net cost
savi ngs .)
E.3.2 Thermal Incinerator Cost Estimation Procedure
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Thermal incinerator purchase costs for the calculated combustion
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chamber volume were taken directly from Figure E-3, (Figure A-1 in the
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IT Envi roscience document, Reference 11). A retrofit instal lation
cost factor of 5.29 (see Table 5-2) was used based on the Enviroscieke
document.lfi The instal led cost of one 150-ft. duct to the incinerator
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and its associated fan and stack were also taken directly from Figure
E-4 (Figure I'd-15, curve 3 in the IT Enviroscience study16). A minimum
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cost of $70,000 (in December 1979) was assumed for waste gas streams I
with flows below 500 scfm. he costs of pi ping b'r ducting from the
process sources to the 150-ft! duct costed above were estimated as fbr
flares. Installed costs were put . on . a June 1980 basis using the
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following Chemical Engineering Plant Cost Indices: the overall index
for thermal incinerators; the pipes, valves, and fittings index for
piping; and the fabricated equipment index for ducts, fans, and stacks.
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Annualized costs were calculated using the factors in Table 5-3. The
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electricity required was calculated assuming a 6-inch Hz0 pressure
drop across the system and a blower efficiency of 60 percent. The
cost calculation procedure is given in Table E-7.
E.4 CATALYTIC INCINERATOR DESIGN AND COST ESTIMATION PROCEDURE
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Catalytic inci nerators are general ly cost effective VOC control
devices for low concentration streams. The catalyst increases the
chemical rate of oxidation allowing the reaction t o proceed at a lowkr
energy 1 eve1 (temperature) and thus requi ring a sma'l ler oxidation
chamber, I ess expensive materi a1 s , and much 1 ess auxi 1 iary fuel
(especially for low concentration streams) than required by a thermal
incinerator. The primary determinant of catalytic incinerator capital
cost is volumetric flow rate. Annual operating costs are dependent on
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emission rates, molecular weights, VOC concentration, and temperature.
Catalytic incineration in conjunction with a recuperative heat exchanger
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can reduce overall fuel requi rements.
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