Alcohol misuse: tackling the UK epidemic - London

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BMA Board of Science comprehensive training and guidance on the use of validated screening questionnaires as well as the provision of brief interventions. Routine screening in primary care could be facilitated by the implementation of a directed enhanced service (DES). Brief interventions (behavioural modification techniques) provide prophylactic treatment and produce clinically significant effects on drinking behaviour and related problems in non-alcohol dependent individuals. For individuals with more severe alcohol problems and levels of dependence, specialised alcohol treatment services can effect significant reductions in alcohol use and related problems. It is essential that individuals identified as having severe alcohol problems or as being alcohol dependent are offered referral to specialised alcohol treatment services. Not all individuals however, with severe alcohol problems will recognise or agree that they have an alcohol misuse problem, or that they require treatment. The inadequate provision of specialised alcohol treatment services in the UK is a significant area of concern. It is essential that specialised alcohol treatment services are provided consistently throughout the UK, adequately resourced and funded, and that this funding is ring-fenced. High-level commitment is also required to ensure that the alcohol treatment services frameworks are prioritised when commissioning services. The need for, and provision of, alcohol treatment services throughout the UK must also be continually reviewed and assessed. International cooperation on alcohol control Different countries have adopted markedly varied policies for reducing the burden of alcohol misuse. International cooperation on alcohol control is essential for several reasons including the considerable global burden of alcohol, and trans-border factors such as global advertising and production, formal and informal trading and smuggling. Reducing alcohol-related harm across the European Union (EU) has been facilitated by the 2000 World Health Organisation (WHO) European Alcohol Action Plan, the 2006 EU Alcohol Strategy, and the establishment of the EU Alcohol and Health Forum. It is vital that the UK Government strongly supports EU initiatives and policies aimed at reducing alcohol-related harm to individual and public health. While the introduction of agreements such as the WHO European Alcohol Action Plan and the EU Alcohol Strategy provide a useful platform for action, their effectiveness has been questioned due to the influence of the alcohol industry on their development. A further drawback of EU-level action and agreements is the fact that they are non-binding. An alternative approach would be to introduce a legally binding treaty similar to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This would serve to support governments in developing and implementing effective alcohol control policies, foster collaboration between countries, counter the international trade agreements that currently restrict governments from introducing stricter alcohol control policies, and effectively engage non-governmental organisations. Alcohol misuse: tackling the UK epidemic 5
6 BMA Board of Science Alcohol misuse: tackling the UK epidemic
Page 1 and 2: BMA Board of Science Alcohol misuse
Page 3 and 4: ii BMA Board of Science Editorial b
Page 5 and 6: iv BMA Board of Science Acknowledge
Page 7 and 8: vi BMA Board of Science Glossary No
Page 9 and 10: viii BMA Board of Science Recommend
Page 11 and 12: x BMA Board of Science Alcohol misu
Page 13 and 14: xii BMA Board of Science Alcohol mi
Page 15 and 16: 2 BMA Board of Science shifting to
Page 17: 4 BMA Board of Science Consideratio
Page 21 and 22: 8 BMA Board of Science Measures to
Page 23 and 24: 10 BMA Board of Science Introductio
Page 25 and 26: Litres of pure alcohol per inhabita
Page 27 and 28: 14 BMA Board of Science Patterns of
Page 29 and 30: 16 BMA Board of Science Figure 3 -
Page 31 and 32: 18 BMA Board of Science increased w
Page 33 and 34: 20 BMA Board of Science Table 1 - p
Page 35 and 36: 22 BMA Board of Science Alcohol con
Page 37 and 38: 24 BMA Board of Science in 1997/98
Page 39 and 40: 26 BMA Board of Science Alcohol mis
Page 41 and 42: 28 BMA Board of Science Table 3 - p
Page 43 and 44: 30 BMA Board of Science Box 2 - maj
Page 45 and 46: 32 BMA Board of Science attributabl
Page 47 and 48: 34 BMA Board of Science Figure 11 -
Page 49 and 50: 36 BMA Board of Science Causes of a
Page 51 and 52: 38 BMA Board of Science Box 3 - sum
Page 53 and 54: 40 BMA Board of Science Information
Page 55 and 56: 42 BMA Board of Science Driving and
Page 57 and 58: 44 BMA Board of Science Pedestrian
Page 59 and 60: 46 BMA Board of Science Alcohol mis
Page 61 and 62: 48 BMA Board of Science The sub-sec
Page 63 and 64: 50 BMA Board of Science Recommendat
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56 BMA Board of Science Box 5 - the
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BAC (mg/100ml) 58 100 90 80 70 60 5
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60 BMA Board of Science Understandi
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62 BMA Board of Science Early inter
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64 BMA Board of Science At present
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66 BMA Board of Science treatment s
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68 BMA Board of Science Internation
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70 BMA Board of Science Alcohol mis
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72 BMA Board of Science Appendix 2
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74 BMA Board of Science Licensing i
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80 BMA Board of Science 23 Hughes T
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82 BMA Board of Science 67 Dex S &
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84 BMA Board of Science 118 Edward
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86 BMA Board of Science 164 McKnigh
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88 BMA Board of Science 209 Babor T
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90 BMA Board of Science 253 Scottis
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92 BMA Board of Science Alcohol mis
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British Medical Association Board o
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Board of Science and Education This
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vi Contents Introduction...........
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viii
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2 heavier smoking, drinking and mor
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4 Nutrition, exercise and obesity N
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6 The data for 1998 shows a 21 per
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8 Interventions in adolescent nutri
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10 The efficacy of traditional educ
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12 The treatment of individuals wit
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14 Smoking, drinking and drug use A
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16 The use of illicit substances, a
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18 smoking prevalence was highest a
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20 Interventions in adolescent drug
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22 be expensive given the amount co
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24 is potential to use the media, n
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26 Summary Adolescents in the UK ar
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28 Mental health problems in adoles
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30 Risk factors for conduct, depres
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32 Currently, specialist mental hea
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34 Sexual health Adolescents and se
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36 interferes with the adolescent
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38 Interventions in adolescent sexu
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40 The timing of educational interv
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42 Helping adolescent parents The h
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44 are more difficult to reach than
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46 The way forward This report has
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48 Annex 1 BMA policy on adolescent
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50 References 1 Lobstein T J, James
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52 56 Social Exclusion Unit (1998)
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54 115 Charles Gallichan (2003) Pub
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56 173 NHS Centre for Reviews and D
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Subject: Young People and Alcohol D
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Call for Evidence: Children and You
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5. Do you know of any international
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Alcohol misuse: tackling the UK epidemic - London

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