Conceived in Liberty Volume 2 - Ludwig von Mises Institute

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the face of contrary laws, the Quaker reformers . . . could use a right to liberty as grounds for defying a legal protection of slavery."* Before long, all the Quaker meetings north and south had followed Philadelphia's lead and abolished slavery, finally enforcing the decree with threat of expulsion. By the late 1770s and early 1780s, slavery among the Quakers in America had been voluntarily and totally abolished. *lb¡d., pp. 224-25. 180
32 The Beginning of the Struggle over American Bishops The Anglican communion, even in those colonies where it served as an established church, lived under strictly local control. Ministers were appointed by local vestries and approved by the governor of the colony. The church in America thus remained under secular American and even local direction; it was not subject to more than the nominal control of the bishop of London. Nor could it be otherwise so long as the church was not represented by resident bishops in the American colony. The only pleas for the installation of Anglican bishops in America came not from the Southern colonies, where the established Anglican clergy relished their independence and the laity their local control, but from the far weaker missionary clergy in the Northern provinces. The first agitation for American bishops came from the Society for Propagating the Gospel (SPG), the great English missionary society founded in 1701. The SPG proved to be the greatest single force in extending the Anglican communion in America, especially in the Northern and middle colonies. Dr. Thomas Bray, founder of the SPG, was the first to launch the campaign in 1701, and the cause was soon taken up by the Reverend John Talbot, one of the leading missionaries in the Society in the middle colonies. In 1705, fourteen Anglican missionaries assembled at Burlington, New Jersey, and petitioned for a bishop. The SPG itself continued to head the agitation, and the campaign came to a climax in 1713, when petitions for bishops came in from New York and New England, and Queen Anne agreed to the proposal. This agreement is not surprising, as it fitted in admirably with Queen Anne's high Tory aim of exalting the power of throne and altar over her hapless subjects. 181
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CONCEIVED IN LIBERTY VOLUME II
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CONCEIVED IN LIBERTY VOLUME II "SAL
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By Liberty, I understand the power
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22. Slavery in South Carolina 97 23
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fruits of liberty and production. P
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Introduction The Colonies in the Ei
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PART I Developments in the Separate
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General Court, representing the vie
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chusetts Bay. Mather, Willard, and
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Half-Way Covenant, eliminating the
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widened his focus to society and go
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Libertarianism in Rhode Island Thou
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Land Tenure and Land Allocation in
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ing a separate absentee oligarchy,
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New Hampshire Breaks Free Conflicts
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The Narragansett Planters Another i
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7 New York Land Monopoly As early a
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manor (the "highland patent") began
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ecame mainly squabbles of family an
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Crown and for Robert Livingston to
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8 Slavery in New York Of all the No
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Roman Catholic priest found in the
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arms, and threatened Coxe with assa
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twenty of the rioters for high trea
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Hunter Morris sailed to London to p
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The first great wave of Ulster Scot
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idled, and therefore few Ulstermen
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While the great bulk of Pennsylvani
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scouts and Indian fighters. And by
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(Nova Scotia). The Assembly, urged
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13 The Emergence of Benjamin Frankl
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and influential men. Hardly had Fra
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getting ready to strike a mortal bl
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uncollectible quitrents. The upshot
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farmers, in contrast, retired from
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pains, jeered and cursed at every s
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15 The Virginia Land System The Sou
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first imported Germans were Swiss,
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16 The Virginia Political Structure
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ludicrous. If each voter gave his v
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British merchant-creditors, that is
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18 Slavery in Virginia As tobacco p
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the free Negroes [that the Assembly
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defeated the Tuscaroras, captured o
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collection of the rents. All in all
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21 Royal Government in North Caroli
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and taxes ceased to be paid through
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whites, whereas Negro slaves outnum
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esult could only be a rout. Fifty o
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colony and thrust into Florida by 1
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24 The Land Question in South Carol
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wicke, Izard, and Middleton. (Gover
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upon the Westo Indians in 1680, the
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colony in Gualé (to be called "Geo
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his chief ally, Viscount Percival,
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Since the funds all came philanthro
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the Assembly who did not have at le
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the Jews from the colony. Particula
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would shut off an expected flow of
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Courtesy of The New-York Historical
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New York Public Library Robert Walp
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26 Inflation and the Creation of Pa
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paper made a compulsory medium for
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As befitted their undeveloped econo
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Page 137 and 138: pounds; for then no one would have
Page 139 and 140: price of silver in New England shil
Page 141 and 142: followed each new emission of paper
Page 143 and 144: in Massachusetts. In 1744, the tota
Page 145 and 146: If merchants were the leaders in ag
Page 147 and 148: 27 The Communication of Ideas: Post
Page 149 and 150: None of these actions and restricti
Page 151 and 152: censorship through licensing of the
Page 153 and 154: sick wife; the lower house finally
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Page 157 and 158: egard to the laws." And the laws, l
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Page 163 and 164: By the first decades of the eightee
Page 165 and 166: 29 The Great Awakening Into this re
Page 167 and 168: University, which stressed evangeli
Page 169 and 170: In New Jersey the battle between th
Page 171 and 172: individualist, rationalist, and Arm
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Page 175 and 176: petition, but wiser heads prevailed
Page 177 and 178: Briant's essay led to a wave of Arm
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Page 181 and 182: Meanwhile, similar protests were gr
Page 183 and 184: The great impact of John Woolman is
Page 185: tation, but all the time that they
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Page 191 and 192: opinion to open them again; and Wil
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Page 205 and 206: PART III Relations with Britain
Page 207 and 208: decisions of governor and Council t
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Page 217 and 218: place, a virtual monopoly of the na
Page 219 and 220: The Walpoles were willing to appeas
Page 221 and 222: England had attacked France in two
Page 223 and 224: Spain in October 1739. A new wave o
Page 225 and 226: in England over the unexpected capt
Page 227 and 228: still held several British officers
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Page 231 and 232: 37 Early Phases of the French and I
Page 233 and 234: ginia, in particular, began to pres
Page 235 and 236: All in all, nearly one million, fiv
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iver." Only North Carolina voted su
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itterly, denouncing it as "against
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cajoling the Virginia Assembly into
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38 The Persecution of the Acadians
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four prisoners had been "guilty of
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tion of the New Brunswick area. Nai
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quered Quebec later in the war, man
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Indian tribes to join the French si
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against Fort Duquesne with a force
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40 The American Colonies and the Wa
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was the English army, and that if t
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England had long been the major opp
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41 Concluding Peace Although the co
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ing the French fort at Louisbourg.
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manuscript of Henry McCulloh, a Bri
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In the meanwhile, Pitt's acceptance
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William Burke's Examination of the
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The immigrants arrived in midsummer
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liament. Enjoying the blessings of
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known to historians. The definitive
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Land-grabbing and Indian conflicts
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considerable historical controversy
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The best '::story of eighteenth-cen
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Index Abercromby, James, 247 abolit
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Burling, William, 175 Burr, Aaron,
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Duane, James, 41 Duane manor, 39 Du
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Hawley, Thomas, 36 Hayward, John, 1
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Maine, 55, 211; settlement of, 140
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pamphlets, 64, 66, 131, 132, 146, 1
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St. John, James, 104-105 salutary n
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Virginia, 54, 118, 154, 235, 243, 2
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