freeholders, 38, 91 Frel<strong>in</strong>ghuysen, Theodore J., 160, 163 French and Indian War (Seven Years' War), 57, 68, 88, 119, 134, 140, 164, 226-237, 245-249, 250, 251, 253, 254-255 frontiersmen, 29, 30, 54, 70, 71, 75, 157, 210 fur trade, 41, 54, 208, 216, 219, 226, 230 Ga<strong>in</strong>e, Hugh, 150 Gale, Christopher, 92 Gay, Ebenezer, 171 Georgia, 209, 218, 243; as proprietary colony, 109, HI, 116; as royal colony, 118; Assembly, 116, 118, 119; Council, 118, 119; dictatorship <strong>in</strong>, 113-114, 115; humanitarianism <strong>in</strong>, 109-120; militia, 202; money <strong>in</strong>, 138; newspapers <strong>in</strong>, 154, religion <strong>in</strong>, 156, 172; settlement of, 107, 109, HI, 112, 113; silk <strong>in</strong>, 114-115, 116, 118; slavery <strong>in</strong>, 114, 115, 116, 118 German settlers, 68, 70, 71-72, 112, 156, 174. See also immigration, German Gibbes, Robert, 98 Gibson, James, 74 Gilbert, William, 100 Glen, James, 232 Glorious Revolution, 130, 190 gold, 123, 124, 125, 127, 131 Gooch, William, 78, 87, 88, 163, 229, 230 Gordon, Thomas, 151, 183, 188, 192-195 Gorton, Samuell, 27, 34 grant-<strong>in</strong>-aid, 67 Grant, Charles, 29-30 Granville, Earl of (John Carteret), 93, 216, 230, 259, 262 Gray^ Edmund, 118-119 Great Awaken<strong>in</strong>g, 123, 159-169, 170 Gresham's law, 131, 132, 139 Gualé Indians, 107 habeas corpus, writ of, 105, 153, 154 Half-Way Covenant, 22 Halifax, Earl of, 224-225, 227, 234, 257, 262 Hallenbeck, Michael, 40, 41 Hamilton, Andrew, 66, 143, 144, 148, 151, 152 Hamilton, James, 68 Hamilton, John, 49 Hanbury, John, 229 Hancock, Thomas, 219, 220, 221 Hardwicke, Lord, 183, 258, 259, 261, 264 Harris, Benjam<strong>in</strong>, 144 Harvard College, 22, 25, 58, 157, 158, 161, 171, 196 Harvey, William, 98 Hat Act (1732), 208 Haviland, William, 249 284
Hawley, Thomas, 36 Hayward, John, 142 Higg<strong>in</strong>son, John, 22 Hill, Aaron, 108 Holy League (French), 187 Holyoke, Edward ("Guts"), 171 Hopson, Peregr<strong>in</strong>e, 241, 242 House of Burgesses (Va.), 78, 80-81, 143, 154, 228, 231, 233 Hovey, Daniel, 197 Hudson River Upris<strong>in</strong>g (1766), 39 Hull, John, 129 humanitarianism, 109-120 Hunter, Robert, 36, 42, 43 Hutch<strong>in</strong>son, Anne, 27, 154, 186, 188, 189 Hutch<strong>in</strong>son, Eliakim, 219, 220 Hutch<strong>in</strong>son, El¡sha, 130 Hutch<strong>in</strong>son, Thomas, 139, 252 Hyde, Edward, 89 immigrants, 37, 41, 265-266; German, 41-43, 53, 57-58, 77-78, 117; Ulster Scot, 53-56 impressment, 219, 221, 222, 223 <strong>in</strong>dentured servants, 18, 19-20, 34, 41, 46, 54, 55, 56, 76, 77, 78, 243, 265. See alto labor, forced Independent Reflector, The, 183-184 Independent Whig, 183 Indians, 34, 35, 40, 47, 54, 57, 59-63, 71, 72, 73, 77, 89-90, 99, 100, 101, 103, 107, 108, 109, 112, 116, 123, 127, 141, 230, 233, 241; massacre of, 71, 73, 89-90, 109 <strong>in</strong>digo, 83, 97, 98, 118, 206, 265 <strong>in</strong>flation, 123-140 passim, 221, 223 Ingersoll, David, 40 Ireland, Shadrack, 170 Iron Act (1750), 208-209 Iroquois Indians, 62, 72, 89, 90, 228, 233, 245, 247 Izard family, 106 Jackson, Richard, 257 Jarratt, Devereux, 166 Jenk<strong>in</strong>son, Charles, 262 Jews, 117-118 Johnson, Robert, 103, 104-105, 106 Johnson, Samuel, 182, 184 Johnson, William, 72, 234, 235, 237 Johnston, Gabriel, 94—95 jury trial, 35, 37, 47, 50, 95, 148, 151, 202, 206 Kames, Lord, 257 Kent, Benjam<strong>in</strong>, 158 285
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CONCEIVED IN LIBERTY VOLUME II
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CONCEIVED IN LIBERTY VOLUME II "SAL
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By Liberty, I understand the power
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22. Slavery in South Carolina 97 23
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fruits of liberty and production. P
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Introduction The Colonies in the Ei
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PART I Developments in the Separate
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General Court, representing the vie
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chusetts Bay. Mather, Willard, and
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Half-Way Covenant, eliminating the
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widened his focus to society and go
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Libertarianism in Rhode Island Thou
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Land Tenure and Land Allocation in
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ing a separate absentee oligarchy,
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New Hampshire Breaks Free Conflicts
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The Narragansett Planters Another i
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7 New York Land Monopoly As early a
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manor (the "highland patent") began
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ecame mainly squabbles of family an
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Crown and for Robert Livingston to
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8 Slavery in New York Of all the No
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Roman Catholic priest found in the
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arms, and threatened Coxe with assa
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twenty of the rioters for high trea
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Hunter Morris sailed to London to p
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The first great wave of Ulster Scot
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idled, and therefore few Ulstermen
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While the great bulk of Pennsylvani
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scouts and Indian fighters. And by
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(Nova Scotia). The Assembly, urged
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13 The Emergence of Benjamin Frankl
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and influential men. Hardly had Fra
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getting ready to strike a mortal bl
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uncollectible quitrents. The upshot
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farmers, in contrast, retired from
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pains, jeered and cursed at every s
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15 The Virginia Land System The Sou
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first imported Germans were Swiss,
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16 The Virginia Political Structure
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ludicrous. If each voter gave his v
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British merchant-creditors, that is
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18 Slavery in Virginia As tobacco p
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the free Negroes [that the Assembly
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defeated the Tuscaroras, captured o
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collection of the rents. All in all
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21 Royal Government in North Caroli
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and taxes ceased to be paid through
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whites, whereas Negro slaves outnum
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esult could only be a rout. Fifty o
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colony and thrust into Florida by 1
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24 The Land Question in South Carol
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wicke, Izard, and Middleton. (Gover
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upon the Westo Indians in 1680, the
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colony in Gualé (to be called "Geo
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his chief ally, Viscount Percival,
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Since the funds all came philanthro
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the Assembly who did not have at le
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the Jews from the colony. Particula
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would shut off an expected flow of
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Courtesy of The New-York Historical
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New York Public Library Robert Walp
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Courtesy of The New-York Historical
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Courtesy of The New-York Historical
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Courtesy of The New-York Historical
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26 Inflation and the Creation of Pa
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paper made a compulsory medium for
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As befitted their undeveloped econo
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violation of the law, the Assemblie
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pounds; for then no one would have
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price of silver in New England shil
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followed each new emission of paper
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in Massachusetts. In 1744, the tota
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If merchants were the leaders in ag
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27 The Communication of Ideas: Post
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None of these actions and restricti
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censorship through licensing of the
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sick wife; the lower house finally
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indeed for a despotically inclined
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egard to the laws." And the laws, l
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indefinitely and to ignore any writ
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his guilt was sentenced to the pill
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By the first decades of the eightee
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29 The Great Awakening Into this re
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University, which stressed evangeli
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In New Jersey the battle between th
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individualist, rationalist, and Arm
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isters were to be fined or expelled
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petition, but wiser heads prevailed
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Briant's essay led to a wave of Arm
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inant. Like their counterparts in A
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Meanwhile, similar protests were gr
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The great impact of John Woolman is
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tation, but all the time that they
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32 The Beginning of the Struggle ov
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grand design for an American establ
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opinion to open them again; and Wil
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oretical articulation and groundwor
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ights to popular government. There
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keep this property, exchange it for
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authority; that is, they are void;
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great for the sake of the public, a
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work of his hands are properly his
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PART III Relations with Britain
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decisions of governor and Council t
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of the Assemblies, which won for th
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purchasers or English shippers. Tob
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American woolens, the industry was
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twelve-inch diameters or more (but
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place, a virtual monopoly of the na
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The Walpoles were willing to appeas
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England had attacked France in two
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Spain in October 1739. A new wave o
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in England over the unexpected capt
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still held several British officers
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or Assembly, took the lead in this
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37 Early Phases of the French and I
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ginia, in particular, began to pres
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All in all, nearly one million, fiv
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- Page 263 and 264: ing the French fort at Louisbourg.
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- Page 267 and 268: In the meanwhile, Pitt's acceptance
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- Page 285 and 286: Burling, William, 175 Burr, Aaron,
- Page 287: Duane, James, 41 Duane manor, 39 Du
- Page 291 and 292: Maine, 55, 211; settlement of, 140
- Page 293 and 294: pamphlets, 64, 66, 131, 132, 146, 1
- Page 295 and 296: St. John, James, 104-105 salutary n
- Page 297 and 298: Virginia, 54, 118, 154, 235, 243, 2