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Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake a small number of Sailfish Istiophorous platypterus and Black marlin Makaira indica Hussain et al, 2007. The Chinese and Vietnamese factory fishing vessels operate with long lines off shore beyond 35 nautical miles from the coast with depth exceeding 500 meters the gear depth is normally 100 meters. The catches showed the distribution of Tuna from 22 0 47’ N 63000’ E .to 24 0 37 N 66 0 56 ‘E higher catches were mostly from 24 0 30 ’ N 65 0 42 ’ E. during November 2005. (Hussain et al., 2007) Yellow fin Tuna was abundant during NE monsoon (November – March) while no catches were observed during the first and second transitional periods (April and October) (Ali-khan, 1972 /1977). During the SW monsoon May – September the tuna catches were low. A similar picture is apparent from the catch and number composition of Sharks, Marlin, Sail fish and Dolphin Sharks. The highest catches in number are during the NE monsoon while are very low number in the other seasons. Dolphins are however only caught in the SW monsoon. The occurrence of tuna and other species from the catch analysis (Hussain et al., 2007) shows that highest number and highest biomass of sharks (number 27 & 56 biomass kg1350 - 1456) were caught in areas where depth ranged from 825 – 1630 meters. Marlins were caught (no. 20 and 13 and biomass kg 1495 – 1204) at depth 100 – 475 meters and 1980 – 2355 meters. Sail fish 12 in number with biomass 220 kg were caught in areas at depths of 1228 – 1803 meters. Only 7 Dolphins were caught from 100 -475 meter depths. Highest number of Tuna (no. 2265) with biomass 79840 Kg was caught from areas where depth was 100- 476 meters. In areas where depth exceeded from 475 meters tuna were caught in less number Hussain et al., 2007. 3.5.8.9 Fishing fleet Sharp increase of fishing efforts is shown in the Table 16. Specially sail boats in the marine sector the sailboats have seen slight increase from more than five thousand six hundred in 1993 to six thousand eight hundred in Sindh 2003 and decrease is noted from 144 to only 25 in operation in Balochistan. Table 2 gives number of sail boats from 1999 – 2006 in Sindh and Balochistan. Their number was 6358 in 1999 which increased to 6809 in 2006 in Sindh. The number of Mechanized cum sail driven boats during the year 1993 – 2003 has increased both in Sindh and Balochistan and like wise their number has increased among inland fishing fleet .These fishing boats usually carry long line for fishing in high seas. Table 16 gives detail number of mechanized boats in Sindh and in Balochistan. The number of gill-netters has increased from 1993 – 2003 in both the provinces. A very significant increase of about 500 has been observed total number of trawlers from 1993 – 2003. Table 16 - Fishing crafts Year/Province Sail Boats Trawlers Gill Netters WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 85 of 188 Mech. Sail Boats Year 1999 Sindh 6358 2564 2305 3755 Baluchistan 25 - 1295 4279 Year 2000 Sindh 6504 2570 2317 3923
Detailed Ecological Assessment Report 2008 – Keenjhar Lake Baluchistan 29 - 1320 4314 Year 2001 Sindh 6509 2578 2327 3928 Baluchistan 34 - 1335 4326 Year 2002 Sindh 6555 2599 2398 3966 Baluchistan 36 - 1384 4377 Year 2003 Sindh 6809 2702 2510 4388 Baluchistan 25 - 1508 4465 Year 2004 Sindh 6200 2800 2550 4400 Baluchistan 20 - 1600 4560 Year 2005 Sindh 6210 2815 2555 4430 Baluchistan 25 - 1620 4580 Year 2006 Sindh 6240 2830 2560 4440 Baluchistan 30 - 1645 4590 3.5.8.10 Fishermen engaged: The number of fishermen engaged in Marine and inland sector during 1993 – 2003 were 281443 – 416495 (Anon, 2006 b). The majority of these fishermen engaged are exploiting fresh water resources as their livelihood and their figures range from minimum in 2002 as 281443 the rest are operating in marine sector. 3.5.9 Palla – Tenualosa ilisha 3.5.9.1 Scientific classification Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Shad (Local name: Palla) Synonyms: Clupandon ilisha Hamilton, 1822 Clupea ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Clupea palasah Cuvier, 1820 Hilsa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Macrura ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) Class Actinopterygii (Rayfin fish) Order Clupeiformes (Shads, Sardines, Herrings) Length Range Juveniles (unsexed): 101-151 mm (From literature) Male: 247-393 mm (from literature); 270-360 mm (Present observation) Female: 250-450 mm (from literature); 300- 370 mm (Present observation) Weight Range: Juveniles: 45 g; Male & Female: 534-1970 g (From literature) Juveniles: 200 g; Male & Female: 600-800 g (Present observation) WWF Pakistan – Indus for All Programme Page 86 of 188
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